一种改进的高效稳定内嵌边界算法

在气固多相流数值计算中,内嵌边界方法用于处理固体颗粒和流体之间的相互作用问题。本文将程玉民等改进的移动最小二乘法应用于内嵌边界方法中,克服了移动最小二乘逼近法需要求解逆矩阵的弊端,提高了计算效率和精度。通过直接数值模拟具有精确解的Taylor-Green涡、均匀来流绕过固定圆柱和NACA-0012机翼,验证了本算法可以取得很好的模拟结果。     

基于多相组重建的航空图像超分辨率算法

为提高航空图像的空间分辨率, 提出一种基于多相组重建的超分辨率算法. 融合图像间的互补信息, 将多帧低分辨率图像作为图像基, 参考帧分解为多相组, 利用差异采样特性构建图像基与参考帧之间的的多相组线性关系重建得到高分辨率图像的多项组, 经图像多相分解逆变换获得融合的高分辨率图像. 根据该融合图像的局部内容和结构信息自适应调整控制核核函数, 应用改进的控制核回归算法去除图像模糊和噪声得到清晰的超分辨率图像. 与传统算法相比, 该算法无需图像配准和迭代过程, 计算效率极大地提高. 实验结果表明, 本文算法能够有效提高航空图像的空间分辨率, 在定量评价指标和主观视觉效果方面都有显著提高.     

多介质流模拟的Runge-Kutta控制体积间断有限元方法（英文）

构造可用于多介质流数值模拟的Runge-Kutta控制体积(RKCV)间断有限元方法.对于多介质流模拟,使用线性和非线性的Riemann问题解法器计算界面处的数值流通量.该方法是一种高精度的数值方法且可以保证流体的局部守恒.数值结果表明,即使是利用线性Riemann问题解法器的计算格式也可获得较好的数值结果.与Runge-kutta间断Galerkin方法的比较展示了本文构造算法的优势.     

一种模拟大密度比多相流的混合算法

在扩散界面法(diffuse interface method,DIM)的基础上提出一种能够处理大密度比(large density ratio)的多相流混合算法.流场信息通过格子波尔兹曼方法(lattice Boltzmann method,LBM)获得;相界面通过直接求解Cahn-Hilliard(C-H)方程确定.为保证在大密度比情况下求解界面方程的稳定性,采用二阶迎风格式来离散方程的对流项.通过对Rayleigh-Taylor(R-T)不稳定、液体中的气泡上升及液滴撞击干燥壁面的数值模拟,验证了方法的可行性.     

高密度比多介质可压缩流动的PPM方法

介绍一种基于流体体积分数模型的界面捕捉方法,数值模拟高密度比及含强激波的多介质可压缩流动.将PPM方法应用到多介质体积分数形式的Euler方程组,用双波近似求解一般刚性气体状态方程Riemann问题,可方便处理界面强剪切的滑移线问题,并给出了水下激波和气泡相互作用以及多相Richtmyer Meshkov不稳定性的计算结果.     

样品内部非平行界面的反射式terahertz波层析研究

已有的反射式terahertz(THz)波层析研究都是针对平行界面进行，开展了样品内非平行界面的反射式THz波层析成像的数值模拟研究.根据物理模型给出了重构算法，并编制了相应的重构软件，数值计算结果表明非平行界面的重构是可行的.分析表明，重构误差主要来源于计算中的近似处理和累积误差.讨论了曲线轮廓界面的近似处理方法，提出当曲线轮廓各点的曲率半径都比较大时，可以把曲线分割成多段直线处理.最后分析了影响纵向分辨率的因素.结果表明，输入脉冲的脉宽越大则纵向分辨率越低，一般情况下纵向分辨率可达到亚毫米量级. 关键词： terahertz波 反射式层析成像     

基于大密度差多相流SPH方法的二维液滴碰撞数值模拟

该文结合了Ott提出的修正连续性方程和Adami改进的动量方程, 对空气中的液滴碰撞问题进行了二维数值模拟. 为有效提高计算精度, 推导了适用于大密度差多相流的人工黏性和人工应力方程. 通过表面张力作用下方形液滴自然变化和空气中两液滴互溶的算例, 验证了算法的有效性; 对不同韦伯数 (8.8, 19.8)、不同碰撞参数 (0, 0.5)下的液滴碰撞过程进行了数值模拟, 并与VOF方法对比,取得了较为一致的结果; 进一步计算多个韦伯数、多个碰撞参数下的液滴碰撞, 得到了空气中二维液滴碰撞结果分布图,与实验结果相符合. 结果表明, 该算法对于求解涉及大密度差多相流的液滴碰撞破碎问题十分有效,而且该方法容易拓展到三维, 从而为进一步模拟火箭发动机的二次雾化过程奠定了基础. 关键词： 光滑粒子流体动力学 大密度差 多相流 液滴碰撞     

基于边界元与有限元耦合的ERT图像重建算法

环形通道内多相流相分布的测量,对于保障工业生产安全、提高生产效率具有重要意义。电阻层析成像技术是一种新兴的过程参数可视化测量技术.该技术采用非侵入的方式获取管道截面处的介质分布信息,具有响应速度快、安全无辐射、价格低廉等优点,非常适合于多相流测量。但是,由于电学敏感场的高度非线性,该技术的空间分辨率较低,而为了克服这一问题所采用的迭代非线性算法,计算量大、效率低,很难满足现代工业测量需求。针对这一问题,本文提出一种应用于环形通道内多相流检测的ERT快速非线性图像重建算法。该算法采用有限元与边界元耦合的方法求解正问题,采用高收敛的Levenberg-Marquardt方法求解逆问题。实验结果表明,文中所提出算法具有较高的速度和精度。     

Euler多物质流体动力学数值方法中的界面处理算法

结合Euler型多物质流体动力学数值方法,将Youngs界面重构技术进行改进,改进后的算法中,混合网格周围网格物质的体积份额不但被用来计算物质界面的位置,还被用来确定混合网格中各物质的输运次序.将改进后的算法加入到自行开发的MMIC-2D通用多物质二维爆炸与冲击问题数值仿真程序中,对二维直角坐标系下圆环在平移流场中的运动过程进行模拟,以此对提出的改进界面处理算法进行数值考核.在此基础上,对聚能装药射流的形成过程进行数值模拟,模拟结果图像显示,其物质分界面清晰,并与实验结果吻合较好,从而验证了该方法的精度及有效性.     

自适应结构网格上扩散方程隐式时间积分算法及其应用

提出一种自适应结构网格(SAMR)上求解扩散方程的隐式时间积分算法.该算法从粗网格到细网格逐层进行时间积分,通过多层迭代同步校正保证粗细界面的流连续和计算区域的扩散平衡.分析算法复杂度,并给出评估算法低复杂度的准则.典型算例表明,相对于一致加密情形,本文算法能够在保持相同计算精度的前提下,大幅度降低网格规模和计算量,且具有低复杂度.将算法应用于辐射流体力学数值模拟中非线性扩散方程组求解,相对于一致加密网格,SAMR计算将计算量下降一个量级以上,计算效率提高33.2倍.     

自由上浮气泡运动特性的光滑粒子流体动力学模拟

基于虚功原理, 在Hu X Y等和Grenier N等的研究结果基础上推导了多相流光滑粒子流体动力学(smoothed particle hydrodynamics, SPH)控制方程, 采用精度较高的黏性力和表面张力模型, 发展了一套适用于具有大密度比和大黏性比界面的多相流SPH方法. 首先, 通过施加人工位移修正, 适当背景压力和异相界面力, 使得计算全程粒子分布相对均匀, 改善了界面处的失稳现象, 防止了异相界面处粒子的非物理性穿透; 在此基础上, 利用方形流体团振荡模型对表面张力模型进行了验证, 数值结果与解析解甚为吻合; 然后采用上浮气泡经典数值算例对比研究了不同黏性力计算方法、不同核函数的适用性以及人工位移修正的效果; 最后, 对单个气泡的上浮、变形、撕裂以及垂向两个气泡的追赶、融合等现象进行了模拟, 初步揭示了气泡上浮过程中各种有趣物理现象的细节过程和动力学机理.     

An interaction potential based lattice Boltzmann method with adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) for two-phase flow simulation

The lattice Boltzmann method (LBM) for two-phase flow simulation is often hindered by insufficient resolution at the interface. As a result, the LBM simulation of bubbles in bubbling flows is commonly limited to spherical or slightly deformed bubble shapes. In this study, the adaptive mesh refinement method for the LBM is developed to overcome such a problem. The approach for this new method is based on the improved interaction potential model, which is able to maintain grid-independent fluid properties in the two-fluid phases and at the interface. The LBM–AMR algorithm is described, especially concerning the LBM operation on a non-uniform mesh and the improved interaction potential model. Numerical simulations have been performed to validate the method in both single phase and multiphase flows. The 2D and 3D simulations of the buoyant rise of bubbles are conducted under various conditions. The agreement between the simulated bubble shape and velocity with experiments illustrates the capability of the LBM–AMR approach in predicting bubble dynamics even under the large bubble deformation conditions. Further, the LBM–AMR technique is capable of simulating a complex topology change of the interface. Integration of LBM with AMR can significantly improve the accuracy and reduce computation cost. The method developed in this study may appreciably enhance the capability of LBM in the simulation of complex multiphase flows under realistic conditions.     

强爆炸火球辐射流体自适应网格高精度数值模拟

提出一种自适应网格方法,应用于基于Euler方法的强爆炸辐射流体高精度数值求解.通过与Zinn数值结果对比,验证该方法的正确性.研究自适应网格对冲击波和光辐射输出模拟精度的影响,对比不同网格尺度下的计算耗时.在相同的条件下,使用自适应网格与均匀网格加密3倍得到的冲击波超压分布、光辐射输出演化接近,计算效率提升约8.5倍...     

Code verification for finite volume multiphase scalar equations using the method of manufactured solutions

Code verification answers the question: “Is this code solving the equations correctly?” Validation answers the question: “Is this code solving the correct equations?” Code verification must be performed before attempting validation and is the focus of this paper. Here we present a novel method of applying the method of manufactured solutions (MMS) to finite volume multiphase codes. MMS is a procedure for generating analytic source terms and adding them to the governing equations such that the numerical solution converges to a previously determined analytic (manufactured) solution. This is a powerful method for generating exact benchmark solutions which can test the most general capabilities of a code. We present a series of manufactured solutions (MS) ranging from single-phase to multiphase flows to test all aspects of an example code. The chief obstacle to applying MMS to multiphase flow lies in the discontinuous nature of the material properties at the interface. An extension of the MMS procedure to multiphase flow is presented here using an adaptive marching tetrahedron style algorithm to compute the source terms near the interface. We also present guidelines for the use of the MMS to help locate coding mistakes (i.e. bugs). This is accomplished by the use of progressively simpler MS and material property variations.     

Modelling two-phase flow in porous media at the pore scale using the volume-of-fluid method

We present a stable numerical scheme for modelling multiphase flow in porous media, where the characteristic size of the flow domain is of the order of microns to millimetres. The numerical method is developed for efficient modelling of multiphase flow in porous media with complex interface motion and irregular solid boundaries. The Navier–Stokes equations are discretised using a finite volume approach, while the volume-of-fluid method is used to capture the location of interfaces. Capillary forces are computed using a semi-sharp surface force model, in which the transition area for capillary pressure is effectively limited to one grid block. This new formulation along with two new filtering methods, developed for correcting capillary forces, permits simulations at very low capillary numbers and avoids non-physical velocities. Capillary forces are implemented using a semi-implicit formulation, which allows larger time step sizes at low capillary numbers. We verify the accuracy and stability of the numerical method on several test cases, which indicate the potential of the method to predict multiphase flow processes.     

A modified image enhancement algorithm based on color constancy

According to the color constancy theory, a modified variation Retinex is proposed for improving the visibility of the dark regions in images under insufficient and/or non-uniform lighting conditions. A new penalty functional based on nonlinear diffusion and correlation between the reflectance and the given image is designed for the intensity image enhancement, followed by adaptive color compensation. With high computational efficiency achieved by an improved multi-resolution algorithm, simulation results prove that the proposed method shows more colorful and vivid visual performance, and achieves wider dynamic range with higher objective standard values.     

数值模拟磁场作用下气泡在导电流体中运动

在自适应网格上,采用VOF方法捕捉界面,相容守恒格式计算电流及电磁力,发展了金属流体自由界面MHD数值方法。通过数值模拟磁场作用下不同Hartmann数的气泡在导电溶液中的运动和变形,分析磁场对气泡以及流场的影响,同时给出诱导电场和电流的分布。为进一步深入研究冶金及热核聚变相关的金属流体在强磁场作用下的自由界面流打下基础。     

The adaptive synchronization of fractional-order Liu chaotic system with unknown parameters

In this paper, the chaos control and the synchronization of two fractional-order Liu chaotic systems with unknown parameters are studied. According to the Lyapunov stabilization theory and the adaptive control theorem, the adaptive control rule is obtained for the described error dynamic stabilization. Using the adaptive rule and a proper Lyapunov candidate function, the unknown coefficients of the system are estimated and the stabilization of the synchronizer system is demonstrated. Finally, the numerical simulation illustrates the efficiency of the proposed method in synchronizing two chaotic systems.     

Runge–Kutta discontinuous Galerkin method for the approximation of Baer and Nunziato type multiphase models

A high-order numerical method is developed for the computation of compressible multiphase flows. The model we use is based on the Baer and Nunziato type systems [4]. Among all the other available models in the literature, these systems present the advantage to be able to simulate either interface or mixture problems. Nevertheless, they still raise some issues, mainly based on their non-conservative feature. The numerical method we propose is a discontinuous Galerkin type. In this work, the interior side integrals are computed thanks to [2]. Robustness and high order of accuracy of the method are proved on classical interface problems, but also on suitably derived analytical solutions.     

界面捕捉Level Set方法的(AMR)数值模拟

在流体力学方程的计算中采用高精度WENO格式,用AMR(adaptive mesh refinement)方法提高流场局部分辨率,在采用Level Set函数标定物质界面的计算中用GFM(ghost fluid method)方法进行界面处理,尝试将AMR技术与界面追踪技术相互融合并应用于数值模拟,对不同的模拟结果进行了比较.