双频强激光与等离子体相互作用中的双稳态效应

本文详细研究了双频激光驱动的朗缪尔(Langmuir)波所呈现的双稳态效应。完全相对论性地导出了郎缪尔波振幅和位相的演变方程,分别研究了朗缪尔波饱和振幅和稳态振幅对等离子体频率和泵浦光强的双稳态响应,并讨论了滞后效应在激光等离子体拍频加速器中的应用。此外,还研究了在双稳态临界点附近朗缪尔波振幅随时间的变化特性。 关键词：     

多源感应耦合等离子体的产生及等离子体诊断

基于单组多匝线圈的小腔体感应耦合等离子体，研究了线圈配置与耦合效率等之间的关联，并将实验结果应用到多组并联螺旋天线感应耦合等离子体放电体系中.采用了改进的朗谬尔探针方法对单源和多源感应耦合等离子体的电参量分别进行了表征.结果表明，使用多螺旋天线并联方式可以产生低气压高密度的感应耦合等离子体放电，通过调整工艺参量，可以将等离子体密度和光刻胶的刻蚀均匀性控制在80％以上. 关键词： 多源感应耦合等离子体 朗谬尔探针 等离子体灰化     

等离子体拍频波加速器中三波相互作用的时间发展

计算了等离子体拍频波加速器中双频抽运光与Langmuir波的相互作用及其时间发展。指出Langmuir波出生成到饱和的过程,与三波位相由匹配到失配密切相关。三波位相差作为描写三波耦合程度的量对于双频激光激发Langmuir波至关重要。 关键词：     

等离子体中受激Raman效应引起的近简并四波混频

本文研究等离子体中由于受激Raman散射激发起来的电子等离子体波引起的近简并四波混频。文中解析地导出此情况下等离子体介质的三阶非线性极化率,并讨论其位相匹配条件。通过求解偶合波方程得到位相复共轭反射率,并详细研究该反射率与泵浦光和探针光的频率差以及与相互作用长度的关系。     

激光脉冲在气体中产生的离化波前的演化及其对光脉冲传播的影响

利用带离化子程序的一维粒子模拟程序，对光脉冲与离化波前的相互作用进行了模拟研究，讨论了在原子多度电离的情况下光脉冲与离化波前的相互作用关系.研究表明，由于原子各级离化势的不连续性使得离化波前在空间上出现平台区；离化过程导致激光频率发生蓝移，这个蓝移又对脉冲形状产生调制，使脉冲前沿呈阶跃型增长；阶跃型的光脉冲包络使离化波前的平台区变短，直至整个离化波前分为几个不同梯度的区域.还讨论了不同元素和不同密度的气体中产生的离化波前的特点.同时分析了光脉冲频率随传播距离的关系，指出由于光脉冲宽度的增加，将导致出射的光 关键词： 激光等离子体 光电离 离化波前 激光频率上转换     

CF4气体ICP等离子体中的双温电子特性

使用朗谬尔探针方法研究了低压CF4气体感应耦合等离子体（ICP）的放电特性.结果表明 ，CF4等离子体的电子呈现双温分布：一类是密度低、能量高的快电子，另一类是密度高 、能量低的慢电子.快电子温度The、慢电子温度Tce以及它们的平均 电子温度Te随射频输入功率的增加而下降；而它们的密度nhe，nce和ne随功率的增加而上升.从电子与气体粒子碰撞能量平衡的角度解释了双温电子特性与射频输入功率之间的关系. 关键词： 感应耦合等离子体 CF4气体 朗谬尔探针 电子温度     

微环装置中等离子体电位测量

等离子体电位是托卡马克装置的一个重要参数。它的测量在放电机制、等离子体的平衡与稳定、等离子体-表面相互作用以及杂质控制等研究课题中有着极其重要的作用。 本文描述用朗谬尔探针,以及由它组成的对称双探钎系统(以下简称SDP系统)测量微环托卡马克边界区等离子体电位V_0的两种方法和结果。     

时变等离子体高功率微波频率上转换的粒子模拟

基于电磁波与时变介质相互作用能够实现电磁波频率上转换的原理,通过粒子模拟(PIC)方法对电磁波与时变等离子体薄层相互作用进行模拟,实现了频率由2.45 GHz提升至130 GHz,功率转化效率约为0.39%。探究了等离子体参数(包括等离子体密度、有限的等离子体上升时间以及等离子体薄层厚度)对频率上转换的影响。模拟结果验证了等离子体密度决定上转换频率,与理论结果相符。模拟结果表明,等离子体薄层厚度越大,得到的上转换波的能量越大;等离子体的上升时间越小,上转换波的转换效率和频谱纯度越高。采用等离子体密度21020 cm-3,等离子体厚度1 cm,等离子体上升时间0.04 ns 可以得到可观的130 GHz上转换波输出。     

中国聚变工程实验堆等离子体螺旋波阻尼系数的研究

中国聚变工程实验堆(CFETR)是我国自主设计和研制的新一代磁约束聚变装置.基于快波的色散关系,通过理论分析和数值求解等离子体色散函数Z(ξ),获得了螺旋波(快磁声波)与等离子体相互作用波阻尼因子G与等离子体参数和波频率等的关系.研究结果表明:在CFETR等离子体放电参数下,螺旋波能够产生显著的离轴波功率沉积和波驱动电流,波与等离子体相互作用的主要物理机制是电子朗道阻尼.此外,螺旋波阻尼系数与发射波(谱)的平行折射率和等离子体参数密切相关,但总是随着波频率增加而变大.对CFETR装置混合运行模式的GENRAY/CQL3D模拟研究结果表明, 800 MHz的螺旋波能够在r≈0.5a处产生显著的波功率沉积和波驱动电流,驱动电流的效率约为50 kA/MW.     

激光等离子体拍频波加速器中泵浦倒空的消除

泵浦倒空是限制激光等离子体拍频加速器概念成为现实的严重问题。本文从电子等离子体波拍频激发的弱相对论性方程出发,在光脉冲坐标中导出了对任意形状的泵浦脉冲消除倒空的条件。研究表明,只要泵浦光在脉冲中心有π位相突变,并且适当选取初始等离子体密度离谐,就可消除泵浦倒空。对于方形泵浦脉冲,本文数值计算了初始离谐随泵浦光强的变化关系,并证实了本文提出的消除泵浦倒空方法的正确性。 关键词：     

Electro-optic transparent frequency conversion of a continuous light wave based on multistage phase modulation

Frequency conversion of a continuous light wave based on multistage phase modulation has been investigated both analytically and numerically. The proposed frequency-conversion process consists of three stages: (i) phase modulation and chirp compression to generate a pulse train, (ii) Doppler shift of the pulse center frequency in a second phase modulation, and (iii) demodulation of the pulse train. By controlling the modulation power we can select the destination frequency from an equally spaced grid separated by the modulation frequency. A conversion efficiency of approximately 40% has been numerically confirmed with respect to a destination frequency of +/- 50 channels. Carrier frequency conversion of an analog data stream is numerically demonstrated.     

激光参数影响太赫兹辐射的数值模拟

 利用2维PIC程序模拟了聚焦激光脉冲垂直入射非均匀等离子体,在界面激发超强太赫兹辐射的物理过程,研究了激光强度、脉宽和焦斑半径对太赫兹辐射功率和频率的影响,并和模式转换理论作了对比。结果表明:激光强度是影响太赫兹辐射功率的主要因素;当脉宽在等离子体波长附近时,激起的静电波振幅最大,此时对应的太赫兹辐射最强;同时存在一个最优的焦斑半径,使得辐射功率最大。     

Optical-to-THz wave conversion via excitation of plasma oscillations in the tunneling-ionization process

A new ("linear-parametric") mechanism of a direct conversion of an ultrashort laser pulse into terahertz radiation is suggested. The conversion is due to the ionization-induced excitation and the subsequent electromagnetic emission of the superluminous polarization wave created by the axicon-focused laser pulse. For a few-cycle pulse with an optimum carrier-envelope phase, the considered mechanism is found to be much more effective than the alternative one based on the excitation of plasma oscillations in the laser wakefield by the ponderomotive force and able to provide THz radiation of the gigawatt power level with the use of moderate optical intensity (approximately 10(14)-10(15) W/cm2).     

Enhanced Dispersive Waves Generation via Sinusoidally Spectral Phase-Modulated Pulses

The dispersive waves (DWs) emitted from a Gaussian pulse with an initial sinusoidally spectral phase (SSP) modulation are investigated. By tailoring the modulation depth and frequency, the SSP results in complex pulses shape with a multipulses structure ranging from Airy-like to pulse sequences having controllable delay and phase. These salient features are able to control and enhance the radiation frequency and energy conversion efficiency of the DWs. The resonant frequencies based on a modified phase-matching condition are given, which agree with the numerical results obtained by solving the nonlinear Schrödinger equation directly. The results not only further extend the application of the pulse shaping technology in fiber optics, but also provide an alternative approach to manipulate the process of DWs emission which is relevant to the generation broadband supercontinuum as well as frequency comb.     

High Power, Frequency Tunable, Submillimeter Wave ESR Device Using a Gyrotron as a Radiation Source

ESR device using a submillimeter wave gyrotron as a radiation source and a pulse magnet for high field up to 30 T has been constructed. Our gyrotrons (Gyrotron FU series) were developed as millimeter and submillimeter wave radiation sources and have attractive advantages for ESR spectroscopy, for example, high power and frequency tunability over broad range. The ESR device has been successfully applied to three cases of ESR measurements. In the first case, the temperature dependence of ESR was measured for a typical antiferromagnetic material MnO at the frequency of 301 GHz. In the second case, the dependence of the fine structure constant of the ruby on the magnetic field intensity was measured in the millimeter to submillimeter wave region. In these two cases, the gyrotron was operated by complete cw mode. In the final case, a pulse technique was applied to the ESR, the gyrotron was operated in pulse mode and the pulsed magnetic field was generated in the synchronized phase with the gyrotron operation.     

Impact of spatial modulation on the third harmonic wave propagation and far-field focal spot in frequency conversion system

Third harmonic generation (THG) of high power laser is discussed in KDP crystals utilized in frequency conversion systems of large laser facilities. The far-field focal spot of the third harmonic wave is presented based on numerical simulation of the nonlinear coupled-wave equations, in which the walk-off and paraxial diffraction are taken into account and the electric field of the fundamental wave (1053 nm, 1ω) pulse is phase and amplitude modulated in spatial domain. Impact of the modulation depth and frequency on the focal spot energy, the side lobes location and conversion efficiency are analyzed in detail. The results show that the side lobes location is equivalently determined by the modulation frequency of both phase modulation and amplitude modulation, while the energy-concentration is decreased mostly because of the 1ω modulation depth. Relatively, the phase modulation plays a more important role than the amplitude modulation in decreasing main lobe energy for different reasons. The phase modulation makes the energy flowing from the main lobe to side lobes, while amplitude modulation not only makes the energy flowing but also decreases tripling efficiency significantly.     

Multilayer Heterostructures with Asymmetric Barriers as New Components for Nonlinear Transmission Lines to Generate High-Frequency Oscillations in the 100-300 GHz Range

A new method of generation of RF radiation in the range 100-300 GHz due to direct conversion of a video pulse into a radio pulse in nonlinear transmission line (NLTL) based on multilayer heterostructure (MLHS) with asymmetric barrier is suggested. Calculations of the capacitance-voltage characteristics and high-frequency loss in MLHS, and also of the MLHS-based NLTL dimensions are carried out with an analytical study and computer modeling of the shock wave propagation in NLTL. Some advantages of the considered method of generation in comparision with such solid state sources as Gunn devices, IMPATT diodes or different types of frequency multipliers are discussed.     

光脉冲在密度随时间,空间变化的等离子体中的传播

本文定量地研究了光脉冲在密度随时间上升的等离子体中的频率上移,以及在密度随空间上升的等离子体中的脉宽压缩。通过求解波动方程,得到了描述光脉冲的时空演变特征的解析表达式,并在此基础上就脉冲形状、峰值位置、传播速度、脉冲宽度及光子数守恒等问题进行了讨论。     

Investigation of parameters of terahertz pulses generated in single-domain LiNbO<Subscript>3</Subscript> crystal by step-wise phase mask

A new scheme for the efficient generation of broadband terahertz radiation via optical rectification of femtosecond laser pulses in the single-domain lithium niobate crystal equipped with the step-wise phase mask (SPM) is investigated. It is shown that using the SPM one can provide the phase matching for all the spectral components of a terahertz pulse by providing the effective conversion of laser radiation in the terahertz region. The angular distribution of spectral components, as well as the temporal shape of terahertz pulses in the wave zone is studied. These results can be applied in the time-domain spectroscopy, the imaging of hidden objects, and etc.     

周期极化铌酸锂中光整流THz波辐射

从理论上详细研究飞秒激光在周期极化铌酸锂(PPLN)晶体中由光整流效应产生的THz波辐射.着重研究THz波辐射场的频域场、时域场和频谱宽度的分布.并详细讨论辐射场脉冲持续时间、幅度、频谱宽度随晶体长度和辐射角的变化. 关键词： PPLN 光整流 THz波