锐钛矿型TiO2水溶胶的低温制备及其表征

Anatase titanium dioxide hydrosol was prepared at low temperature by a simple method. The title material was characterized by TEM, XRD, FTIR and BET, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of the as-prepared TiO₂ was evaluated by the degradation of methyl orange solution under sunlight and the photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in air. The results showed that the titanium dioxide hydrosol was composed of anatase phase with average grain size of about 7 nm, and the crystallinity became more perfect with the increase of temperature. The BET surface areas were more than 220 m²·g^-1 for these samples. It is found that the photocatalytic activity was much better for the higher heat processing temperature. Especially, the photocatalytic activity of the sample with a heat treatment of 110 ℃ was better than that of P25. In addition, TiO₂ hydrosol also possessed good photocatalytic activity under the sunlight illumination.     

TiO2胶粒在铝合金表面的电泳沉积及所制薄膜的光催化性能研究

TiO₂ membranes were prepared on aluminum-alloy thin plates by electrophoretic deposition and dip coating in a colloid solution of TiO₂, respectively. The photocatalytic activity of TiO₂ membrane was compared using ethylene as reactant, and the crystal and morphological structure of the membrane were characterized by XRD and SEM. The results showed that a more compact membrane with high loading of TiO₂ but lower photocatalytic activity of unit TiO₂ mass was obtained by electrophoresis compared with dip coating method. The addition of polyethylene glycol (PEG) to the sol of TiO₂ could improve the specific photocatalytic activity (ethylene conversion per unit mass TiO₂ and unit area of membrane piece) of the electrophoresis-membrane prepared from the sol, but could not change the specific photocatalytic activity of the dip-coating membrane from the sol. The ethylene conversion on the electrophoresis membrane prepared from the sol containing PEG (50 g·L^-1) was 9 times of that on the dip coating membrane. The effect of PEG on the properties of electrophoresis-membrane of TiO₂ was attributed to the change of electrokinetic properties of sol. Addition of PEG decreased ζ potential value of the sol and the mobility of the sol particle, increased viscidity of the colloid, thus decreasing both the electrophoresis deposition velocity of colloid particles and the electroosmosis velocity of diffuse layer of colloid particles. These favored the formation of a low compact and porous membrane on the electrode in electric field, and thus increasing the availability of TiO₂ in photocatalytic process.     

湿法水解制备可见光催化剂N/TiO2

The N/TiO₂ was prepared by wet hydrolyzation method. The photocatalytic decomposition of benzoic acid solution was carried out under simulated sun light; the photocatalytic activity was 2.47 times of TiO₂. The products were characterized by XRD, SPS, EFISPS and XPS, respectively. The results of XRD showed that the N could restrain the crystallization transformation of TiO₂ from anatase to rutile. The N/TiO₂ was still n-type semiconductor, and the absorbance wavelength appeared red-shifted by N-doping. The band gap of N/TiO₂ was decreased to 2.7 eV. The amount of doped-N is about 0.94at.%. The binding energy of N1s are 396.62 eV (Ti-N bonds, β-N) and 400.87 eV (N-N bonds, γ-N₂), respectively, and the photocatalytic activity of N/TiO₂ under visible light is related to the β-N. The N atoms replace the O of the TiO₂ and form the Ti-N bonding.     

微乳法制备纳米TiO2 /SiO2的结构及光催化研究

Nanosized TiO₂ and TiO₂/SiO₂ particles were prepared by hydrolysis of tetrabutyl titanate (TBOT) and tetraethyl orthosilicate (TEOS) in the TX-100 reverse microemulsion. These particles were characterized by TG-DSC, XRD, FTIR, TEM，N₂ adsorption-desorption. Their photocatalytic activity was tested by degradation of methyl orange. The result shows that TiO₂/SiO₂ nanoparticles are with a monodispersed spherical phase and a uniform size distribution，and TiO₂ particles are dispersed on the surface of SiO₂. The band for Ti-O-Si vibration in FTIR was observed, the Ti-O-Si bond increased the stability of anatase TiO₂, suppressed the phase transformation of titania from anatase to rutile. And due to the addition of SiO₂, the average size of titania decreased from 38 nm in pure TiO₂ to 5 nm in TiO₂/SiO₂. It was found, under UV light irradiation, TiO₂/SiO₂ particles showed higher activity than pure TiO₂, and TiO₂/SiO₂(1/1) particles showed the highest photocatalytic activity on the photocatalytic decomposition of methyl orange, which was influenced by crystal structure, particle size, crystallinity and Surface area Characteristics.     

纳米二氧化钛粉末的溶胶-凝胶法合成及晶相转化

Nanosized TiO₂ powder with anatase and rutile structures was synthesized by a sol-gel method using TiCl₄ ethanol solution as a precursor.The grain size of TiO₂ powder was about 63nm after the precursor was calcined at 600℃ for 2 hours .The experimental techniques of XRD,TEM and Particle Distribution were used to characterize the synthesized specimens. Various special effects were investigated for their contribution to crystal structure and the size of TiO₂ powder .The formation of anatase as well as the rutile phase of TiO₂ was indicted from the XRD when the reaction temperature was above 30℃ and when the sol was irradiated by infrared rays .However, an anatase TiO₂ powder formed after the heat treatment of the dried gel in a temperature range from 300℃ to 500℃.Under the vacuum drying and with the calcined time below 3hours ,the anatase phase was gained .As well as with the increase of gelatinizing time, the anatase TiO₂ powder was obtained.     

铁、氮共掺杂二氧化钛粉末的制备及光催化活性

Using TiCl₄ as the titanium source, nanoparticles of TiO₂ doped with nitrogen(N-TiO₂) were synthesized by triethylamine. TiO₂ powder codoped with iron and nitrogen(Fe/N-TiO₂) were prepared by adsorption-deposition of Fe³⁺ on N-TiO₂ and calcining at 400 ℃ for 2 h. From the XPS results for N1s binding energy at 399.6 eV and 396.6 eV, it is proposed that the partial N atoms as substitution atoms replace for O atoms in TiO₂ lattice. The onset of the absorption spectrum of Fe/N-TiO₂ has a 45 nm red-shift compared with that of TiO₂. The results of photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue solution indicate that Fe/N-TiO₂(0.45% Fe³⁺) has a higher activity. Its photocatalytic activity is about 2 times as high as that of pure TiO₂ under UV-light, and 3 times under sunlight. Doping of nitrogen in TiO₂ enhances photoresponse in visible light region and doping of Fe³⁺ reduces the recombination of electrons and holes. Both of the above effects are beneficial for improving the performances of Fe/N-TiO₂ photocatalyst.     

电化学法制备高热稳定性锐钛矿型纳米TiO2

Titanium alkoxides were prepared by anodic dissolution of metallic titanium in absolute ethanol in the presence of HN(C₂H₅)₂*HCl (electro－conductive additives).The solution was directly hydrolyzed to prepare nanocrystalline of TiO₂ (about 10nm)by a sol－gel process.The precursor gels was calcined at T=450 ℃ and 720 ℃for 30 min,and nanocrystalline of TiO₂ (anatase) with high textural and thermal stability was obtained.FTIR,XRD,TEM,were used to characterize the structure of titanium alkoxides and nanocrystalline of TiO₂.The characteristics of nanocrystalline of TiO₂ was depended on the properties of titanium alkoxides.The Ti(OEt)₄ as a source of titanium yielded the best textural and thermal stability nanocrystalline of TiO₂.     

掺钇锆酸锶-TiO2复合光催化剂的制备及性能研究

SrZrO₃ particles were prepared by a co-precipitation method and Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ -TiO₂ composite particles were then synthesized by Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ and titanium dioxide. The composite particles were characterized by XRD, SEM, FTIR and TG-DTA techniques. The photocatalytic degradation of methylene blue (MB) in aqueous solution was used as a probe reaction to evaluate the photocatalytic activity of the composite particles. The effect of the preparation method for SrZrO₃, doping content of yttrium and TiO₂ amount in the composite particles on the photocatalytic activity of composite particles was also discussed. The results show that the methylene blue solution could be completely degraded by Sr(Zr_1-xY_x)O_3-δ -TiO₂ composite particles under UV-light or visible light irradiation. The photocatalytic activity of composite particles was higher than that of pure TiO₂. The fast recombination of photogenerated electrons and holes were restrained by the heterojunction formed in composite particles. The particle of SrZrO₃ prepared by co-precipitation was small, and the photocatalytic activity of composite particles prepared from this kind of SrZrO₃ was higher than that of particles prepared by solid sintering method. The best doping content of yttrium is 5%. The optimal content of TiO₂ in composite particles is 90wt%, 70wt%, respectively under UV-light and visible light irradiation, the degradation rates of MB are 98.8% and 93.5% , respectively after 50 min irradiation.     

可见光催化剂S/TiO2的制备与表征

The sulfur-doped titanium dioxide (S/TiO₂) was prepared by calcinations. The photocatalytic decomposition of benzoic acid solution was carried out under simulated sun light; the photocatalytic activity is 2.7 times of TiO₂. The results of XRD show that the sulfur can restrain the crystallization transformation of TiO₂ from anatase to rutile, although the calcinations temperature has attained 500 ℃, the crystallization still is anatase entirely. The responsive wavelength range of S/TiO₂ was shifted; it has obvious absorption in the region from 320 to 550 nm. The S (S⁶⁺) substituted for some of the lattice titanium atoms in S/TiO₂. At the same time the XRF also prove the formation of S⁶⁺ and the atomic content is 2.13%.     

乙烯在纳米催化剂InVO4-TiO2上的可见光降解

The InVO₄-TiO₂ nano-crystalline photocatalyst was prepared by sol-gel method and characterized by DRS, FTIR, Raman and XRD. The photocatalytic activities of the prepared sample were investigated by photocatalytic degradation of ethylene in the gaseous phase under visible light irradiation (λ>450 nm). The results indicate that both of pure TiO₂ and InVO₄ or their simple mixture show no photocatalytic activities for degradation of ethylene under visible light irradiation. However, as-synthesized InVO₄-TiO₂ catalyzes the degradation of ethylene into CO₂ under visible light irradiation. In addition, the interaction between InVO₄ and TiO₂ results in some structural distortion to all the crystal forms of TiO₂ in as-synthesized catalyst InVO₄-TiO₂.     

Evaluation of titanium dioxide as a pharmaceutical excipient for preformulation of a photo-labile drug: effect of physicochemical properties on the photostability of solid-state nisoldipine

To characterize the photocatalytic activity of TiO2 via solid-state reaction, the relationship between the physicochemical properties and photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was investigated and estimated from the results of photodegradation of nisoldipine. The photodegradation of nisoldipine was significantly enhanced by addition of TiO2. Two degradation products, nitroso-phenylpyridine derivative and nitro-phenylpyridine derivative, were formed. The degree of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 was quite different between the various types of TiO2 investigated, even when the crystalline phase was the same. As a result of the investigations into the relationship between the photocatalytic activity and physicochemical properties of TiO2, it was found that for the rutile form the photocatalytic activity has good correlation with specific surface area of TiO2, but poor correlation with water loss on drying of TiO2. However, for the anatase form, the photocatalytic activity has good correlation with water loss on drying of TiO2, but poor correlation with specific surface area. Moreover, it was found that the crystallinity of TiO2 has a moderate correlation with the photocatalytic activity of both crystal forms of TiO2. These results suggest that a degree of photocatalytic activity of TiO2 depends on the various physicochemical properties of each type of TiO2 investigated.     

Exfoliated and reorganized graphite oxide on titania nanoparticles as an auxiliary co-catalyst for photocatalytic solar conversion

The hybrid of graphite oxide (GO)/TiO(2) was prepared through the spontaneous exfoliation of bulky graphite oxide and reorganization with TiO(2) nanoparticles as a solar conversion and hydrogen-generating photocatalyst. GO/TiO(2) showed enhanced activities for both photocurrent generation (in an electrode form) and hydrogen production (in a slurry form) than those of bare TiO(2) under UV light irradiation. The enhanced photocatalytic activity of GO/TiO(2) is ascribed to the ability of graphitic layers in accepting and transporting electrons from excited TiO(2), promoting the charge separation. When GO was hybridized with platinized TiO(2) (Pt/TiO(2)), it showed a marked synergistic effect for the photocatalytic hydrogen production compared with GO/TiO(2) and Pt/TiO(2). This indicates that the cheap and abundant carbon material can be a good candidate for an electron attracting reservoir and an auxiliary co-catalyst for the photocatalytic hydrogen production.     

TiO_2-CuPcTs敏化薄膜光电流及可见光光催化性能

以四磺酸酞菁铜(CuPcTs)为敏化剂,玻璃和图案化的氧化铟锡(ITO)分别作为基底,制备了敏化薄膜TiO2-CuPcTs和ITO/TiO2-CuPcTs/ITO敏化器件.以罗丹明B(RhB)的可见光光催化降解为模型反应评价敏化薄膜的光催化性能.敏化薄膜采用UV-vis和Raman技术进行表征,同时利用敏化器件的结构特性,测定其在氮气和纯水体系下的光电流.研究结果表明,TiO2-CuPcTs可以有效地将光谱响应拓宽到可见光区,一级反应速率常数为空白TiO2薄膜的3.7倍.TiO2-CuPcTs薄膜光催化降解RhB的重复性能稳定.与ITO/TiO2/ITO器件相比,敏化器件ITO/TiO2-CuPcTs/ITO具有较高的光电流信号,验证了激发态的CuPcTs能够将电子转移到TiO导带上的敏化机理.     

Preparation and characterization of highly photoactive nanocrystalline TiO_2 powders by solvent evaporation- induced crystallization method

Highly photoactive bi-phase nanocrystalline TiO2 photocatalyst was prepared by a solvent evaporation-induced crystallization (SEIC) method, and calcined at different temperatures. The obtained TiO2 photocatalyst was characterized with X-ray diffraction (XRD), transmission electron microscopy (TEM) and BET surface areas. The photocatalytic activity was evaluated by the photocatalytic oxidation of acetone in air. The results show that solvent evaporation can promote the crystallization and phase transformation of TiO2 at 100℃. When calcination temperatures are below 600℃, the prepared TiO2 powders show bimodal pore size distributions in the mesoporous region. At 700℃, the pore size distributions exhibit monomodal distribution of the inter-aggregated pores due to the collapse of the intra-aggregated pores. At 100℃, the obtained TiO2 photocatalyst by this method shows good photocatalytic activity, and at 400℃, its photocatalytic activity exceeds that of Degussa P25. This may be attributed to the fact t     

TiO2晶型对Au/TiO2上光催化分解臭氧的影响

以不同晶型TiO2为载体,采用沉积-沉淀法制备了Au/TiO2光催化剂,并用紫外-可见漫反射光谱、X射线光电子能谱(XPS)和表面光电压谱(SPS)等手段进行了催化剂表征,详细考察了Ti O2晶型对Au/TiO2光催化分解臭氧活性的影响.结果表明,光催化分解臭氧的活性顺序为Au/P25>Au/Anatase>Au/Rutile,这与不同的单一Ti O2对光催化臭氧分解的活性顺序是一致的.但在TiO2上沉积金后,其对光催化臭氧的分解活性有了显著的提高.由催化剂的Au4fXPS分析发现,不同晶型Ti O2上的电荷向金簇迁移的能力有明显差异,加之载体本身对光催化臭氧分解活性不同,两者协同作用导致负载金催化剂光催化分解臭氧活性的不同.SPS信号强度与催化剂光催化活性有很好的对应关系,SPS信号越强,光生电子和空穴分离效率越高,光催化活性越好.     

石墨烯-二氧化钛复合催化剂对光催化性能的提高(英文)

以石墨烯氧化物和钛酸四丁酯为原料,通过水热法、无氧煅烧转晶合成了graphene-TiO2复合催化剂,并采用透射电镜、X射线衍射、拉曼光谱和X射线光电子能谱等手段对其进行了表征.结果表明,TiO2全部为锐钛矿晶型,呈纳米颗粒状附着在薄膜状的graphene表面.以亚甲基蓝为目标物,评价了graphene-TiO2催化剂的光催化性能.结果表明,graphene-TiO2的光催化降解能力明显优于相同方法制备的纳米TiO2颗粒,且具有较好的稳定性,空穴在降解过程中起主要作用,碱性溶液更有利于催化剂对MB的降解.     

活性炭负载TiO2光催化氧化二苯并噻吩的研究

以活性炭负载的TiO2为光催化剂,H2O2为氧化剂,30W紫外灯为光源,对含二苯并噻吩（DBT）的模型硫化物进行光催化氧化脱硫研究。考察了TiO2的煅烧温度、负载量、催化剂用量、H2O2用量和光照时间对DBT去除率的影响。实验结果表明,用溶胶 凝胶法制备的TiO2 /活性炭催化剂对DBT具有很好的光催化效果。最佳反应条件为,催化剂煅烧温度400℃,TiO2的负载量为32％,催化剂用量0.7g/100mL, H2O2最佳用量为10mL,即O/S（摩尔比）为14。在最佳反应条件下,光照时间8h,DBT去除率为90％, 此反应为一级动力学反应。     

In situ controlled growth of well-dispersed gold nanoparticles in TiO2 nanotube arrays as recyclable substrates for surface-enhanced Raman scattering

In this paper, well-aligned Au-decorated TiO(2) nanotube arrays with high surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) enhancement were prepared using a facile in situ reduction and controlled growth approach. The gold nanoparticles are well-dispersed and assembled on the mouth surface and the inside of the TiO(2) nanotubes without clogging. The structure and optical properties of the Au-decorated TiO(2) nanotube arrays have been characterized. The Au-decorated TiO(2) nanotube arrays were employed as SERS-active substrates, which exhibit good performance due to long-range coupling between Au nanoparticles, and TiO(2)-assisted enhanced charge-transfer from Au to Rh6G. The SERS activity of the substrates strongly depends on the crystallite size and level of aggregation. The substrates display significant fluorescence quenching ability and uniform SERS responses throughout the whole surface area. Particularly, good recyclability is shown. The photocatalytic property of Au-decorated TiO(2) nanotube array was exploited to recycle the substrate through UV light photocatalytic purification. The experimental results showed that the substrate is featured by high reproducibility and can be used as a highly efficient SERS substrate for multiple detection of different chemical and biological molecules.     

碳纳米管负载纳米TiO2复合材料的制备及其性能

采用溶胶-凝胶法, 以钛酸丁酯为原料, 将纳米TiO2负载在碳纳米管(CNTs)表面, 制备了CNT-TiO2光催化复合材料. 通过X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)等手段研究了复合颗粒的形态结构及包覆情况, 通过UV-Vis漫反射谱分析比较了纯TiO2和CNT-TiO2的吸光性能, 并研究了不同温度热处理的CNT-TiO2光催化剂在紫外光照射下对甲基橙光催化降解的性能. 结果表明, 纳米TiO2颗粒以锐钛矿相存在, 紧密地包附在碳纳米管的管壁上, CNT-TiO2在紫外-可见光波长范围内均有较好的吸光性能, 450 ℃热处理后的复合光催化剂CNT-TiO2比纯TiO2对甲基橙光降解有更高的光催化活性.     

异质结型AgI/AgBr/TiO2催化剂的制备及其光催化性能

首先以沉积-沉淀法制备AgBr/TiO₂复合催化剂,然后采用离子交换法制备出新型的异质结型AgI/AgBr/TiO₂光催化剂.利用XRD和UV-Vis对AgI/AgBr/TiO₂光催化剂进行了表征.以甲基橙为染料模型,在可见光条件下(500 W、λ>420 nm)研究了AgI的含量对AgI/AgBr/TiO₂催化活性的影响.结果表明,AgI拓展了催化剂的吸收光谱范围;AgI生成量为AgBr的5%时,AgI/AgBr/TiO₂的催化活性最高.AgI/AgBr异质结的形成有利于光生电子和空穴的分离,提高AgI/AgBr/TiO₂的催化活性.