Phospholipids of Crambe amabilis

Summary The phospholipid complex of seeds of the plantCrambe amabilis has been studied for the first time. From the combined phospholipids freed from carbohydrates three main components (phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, and phosphatidylinositol) and four minor components (lysophosphatidylcholine, N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylserine, and N-acyllysophosphatidylethanolamine) have been isolated and characterized.The position distributions of the fatty acids in the phosphatidylcholine, phosphatidylethanolamine, phosphatidylinositol, and phosphatidylserine molecules have been determined by enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₂. On the basis of these results, their possible molecular compositions have been calculated. The compositions of the fatty acids esterified in the glyceride moiety and acylating the nitrogen atom in the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine molecule have been established.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 4, pp. 502–505, July–August, 1977.     

Molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine of the cotton plant of variety S-6029

An N-arylphosphatidylethanolamine has been isolated from the total phospholipids of the cotton plant of variety S-6029. The composition and the position distribution of the fatty-acid radicals has been studied with the aid of enzymatic hydrolysis with phospholipase A₁ (from the fungusRhisophus microsporus UzLT-1) and by alkaline and acid hydrolyses. From the results obtained, the possible molecular composition of the N-acylphosphatidylethanolamine has been calculated by Coleman's method. The total number of all the molecular species amounted to 720.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 780–783, November–December, 1979.     

Phospholipids of the seeds of two species of Erysimum

Summary The phospholipid complexes of the seeds ofErysimum diffusum andE. sylvestris have been investigated. It has been found that the amount of phospholipids in the seeds ofE. diffusum is lower than in those ofE. sylvestris, but their qualitative compositions are similar. The fatty-acid compositions of the triglycerides and of the total phospholipids of the two plants investigated have been studied. It has been established that the total phospholipids of the species ofErysimum under consideration and individual fractions of them differ by the degree of saturation and the qualitative and quantitative composition of the acids that they contain and, consequently, the phospholipids present in greatest amount differ in their molecular compositions.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 623–627, September–October, 1977.     

An investigation of the alkaloids of Ammothamnus lehmanni the structure of lehmannine

Summary 1. The qualitative and quantitative composition of the combined alkaloids from the leaves, stems, seeds, and roots ofAmmothamnus lehmanni Bge. according to its vegetation periods have been studied.2. It has been found that the young plant contains predominantly the N-oxide forms of the matrine alkaloids, and as the plant develops these are reduced to the free bases.3. A new base lehmannine, C₁₅H₂₂ON₂ has been isolated for which 12,13-dehydromatrine is proposed as the most probable structure.V. I. Lenin Tashkent State University. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 377–380, May–June, 1975.     

An isomer of coronopilin

Conclusions From the racemes ofC. xanthifolia Fresen. have been isolated a sesquiterpene lactone C₁₆H₂₀O₄, the structural (+)-isomer of (–)-coronopilin, which has not been studied previously; structure I has been proposed for it.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 5, pp. 375–377, 1969     

Alkaloids of Sophora alopecuroides tricrotonyltetramine

Summary From the fraction of strong bases ofSophora alopecuroides (flowering stage) a base C₁₂H₂₄N₄, mp 101–103°C, has been isolated which has been identified as tricrotonyltetramine. Its stereoconfiguration has been established.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 752–754, November–December, 1974.     

General characteristics of the polysaccharides of brown algae

Summary From an acetonic extract of the roots ofFerula samarcandica Kor. have been isolated farnesiferol A, gummosin, and two new coumarin substances, samarcandin C₂₄H_30–32O₅ and samarcandone C₂₄H_28–30O₅. Samarcandin has been converted into samarcandone and their probable structures-I and II-have been established.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 4, No. 2, pp. 73–77, 1968     

Feropodin-a sesquiterpene lactone from the roots ofFerula oopoda

Conclusions From the resin of the roots ofFerula oopoda (Boiss. et Buhse) Boiss. a new sesquiterpene lactone, feropodin, with the composition C₁₅H₂₀O₂, mp 140–141° C, has been isolated. The alternative hypothetical structures I and II have been proposed for feropodin.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 245–247, 1969     

The alkaloids ofStephania glabra

Summary l-Tetrahydropalmatine and stepharine have been isolated from the tubers ofStephania glabra obtained from India, andl-tetrahydropalmatine and cycleanine have been isolated from the tubers ofStephania cultivated on the Black Sea littoral of the Caucasus.The epigeal parts of the plant cultivated on the Black Sea littoral of the Caucasus have given cycleanine and an alkaloid A of composition C₁₉H₂₁O₄N the study of which is proceeding.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 4, pp. 271–275, 1965     

A sesquiterpene lactone-semopodin-from the seeds ofFerula oopoda

Conclusions From the seeds ofFerula oopoda (Boiss et Buhse) Boiss. a new sesquiterpene lactone with mp 177–178° C has been isolated which has been given the name semopodin. On the basis of the NMR, UV, and IR spectra semopodin has been ascribed the probable structure I or II.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 4, pp. 241–244, 1969     

The structure of a sesquiterpene lactone from Artemisia fragrans

Summary From the epigeal part ofArtemisia fragrans Willd. a new sesquiterpene lactone C₁₅H₂₀O₄ has been isolated which has been called alkhanin.It has been shown that alkhanin has the structure (I).V. L. Komarov Institute of Botany, Academy of Sciences of the Azerbaidzhan SSR, Baku. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 75–77, January–February, 1978.     

Structure of the sesquiterpene hydroxyacid fromArtemisia vachanica Krasch

Summary From the leaves and flower heads ofArtemisia vachanica Krasch. we have isolated a new sesquiterpene hydroxyacid of the composition C₁₅H₂₄O₃ which has been called vachanic acid and for which structural formula I is proposed as the most probable.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 1, No. 5, pp. 306–311, 1965     

Alkaloids of Stephania delovayi III. Stephodeline

Summary From the epigeal part ofStephania delovayi Diels (Menispermaceae) have been isolated cycleanine and a new amorphous alkaloid, stephodeline, with the composition C₂₁H₂₇O₅N, a structure for which is proposed.All-Union Scientific-Research Institute of Medicinal Plants. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 5, pp. 650–653, September–October, 1973.     

A new acid from the oil of the seeds of Sambucus nigra

Summary A new keto hydroxy acid (I) C₁₈H₃₀O₆ has been isolated from the fatty oil of the seeds ofSambucus nigra in an amount of 2% of the total fatty acids. A study of its chemical properties and spectral characteristics has shown that it is probably 11-hydroxy-9,15,16-trioxooctadeconoic acid, and that it consists of a keto-enol mixture containing about 30% of the two equiprobable tautomers (II and III); it has been given the name of caprifolonic acid.Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 3–8, January–February, 1972.     

Pranferol from the roots ofPrangos ferulacea

Conclusions From the roots ofPrangos ferulacea (L.) Lindl. growing in Armenia an optically inactive furocoumarin C₁₆H₁₆O₅, an isomer of pranferol, has been isolated.Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, Vol. 5, No. 1, pp. 3–5, 1969     

Lipid complex of Peganum harmala

The lipid complex of the seeds ofPeganum harmala (fam. Zygophyllaceae) has been investigated. The qualitative and quantitative compositions of the neutral lipids and the phospholipids have been studied. The fatty acid compositions of the acyl-containing lipids have been determined and it has been shown that in the triacylglycerols and phosphatidylethanolamines the sn-2 position is esterified mainly by linoleic acid.Institute of Chemistry of Plant Substances, Uzbekistan Academy of Sciences, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 6, pp. 625–627, November–December, 1992.     

Study of the phospholipids of various organs of Crambe amabilis according to the vegetation periods

Summary The changes in the fatty-acid and fractional compositions of the phospholipid complexes of various organs ofCrambe amabilis have been studied according to the vegetation periods.It has been established that throughout the vegetation period phospholipids are present in all organs, and at the stage of complete ripeness of the seeds they are almost wholly localized in the seeds. In the process of the development of the plant considerable qualitative and quantitative changes take place in the fractional and fatty-acid compositions of the phospholipids obtained from various organs of the plant.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 53–57, January–February, 1978.     

Neutral lipids of the seeds of Eremostachys moluccelloides

Summary From the sum of the neutral lipids of the seeds ofE. moluccelloides we have isolated the natural di-and monoglycerides, have determined their structure, and have established that these classes of lipids contain a higher amount of saturated acids in the position than the triglycerides of the seeds.It has also been established that in the hydrolysis of natural diglycerides with the nonspecific lipase of the fungusO. lactis synthetic triglycerides are formed that differ from natural triglycerides by an increased amount of saturated acids.Institute of the Chemistry of Plant Substances, Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Microbiology Division of the Academy of Sciences of the Uzbek SSR, Tashkent. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 1, pp. 44–48, January–February, 1978.