Rhusemialins A-C, new cyclolignan esters from the roots of Rhus javanica var. roxburghiana

Three new cyclolignan esters and seven known compounds including two cyclolignan isolariciresinol, lynoiresinol, and five aromatic compounds methyl ferulate, vanillin, 4-hydroxy-3,5-dimethoxybenaldehyde, 4-methoxygallic acid, gallic acid were isolated from n-butanol extract of Rhus semialata (Anacardiaceae). The structural elucidations of rhusemialins A (1), B (2), and C (3) were based on FAB-MS, 1D and 2D NMR spectra.     

香薷化学成分的研究

从香薷全草的乙醇提取物中分离出5个化合物,经对理化性质和波谱数据分析,鉴定其结构分别为:咖啡酸(1),阿魏酸正十八酯(2),β-胡萝卜苷(3),熊竹素(4)和儿茶素(5),其中化合物(2)和(5)为首次从该属植物中分离得到.     

Triterpenoid Constituents of Huperzia miyoshiana

Thirteen triterpenoids, including three new ones, miyoshianois A (1), B (2) and C (3), were isolated from Huperzia miyoshiana. The structures of these new compounds were established as 3-O-dihydroferuloyltohogenol (1), 16-oxo-3β,21β-dihydrox-y-serrat-14-en-24-ferulate (2) and 16-oxo-3a, 21β-dihydroxy-serrat-14-en-24-ferulate (3), respectively, on the basis of their spectroscopic analysis.     

Effective immobilisation of lipase to enhance esterification potential and reusability

A commercial lipase, “Lipolase T100”, was immobilised onto silica by means of physical adsorption. The silica-bound lipase was subsequently exposed to 1 vol. % glutaraldehyde (pentane-1,5-dial). The silica was loaded repeatedly with the Lipolase T100 in 0.05 M Tris buffer (pH 8.5) until saturation was achieved. During the 1st, 2nd, 3rd, 4th, and 5th cycles of loading of silica with the enzyme, the protein-binding on the silica achieved 51.73 %, 48.27 %, 26.92 %, 10.73 %, and 4.29 %, respectively. The synthesis of methyl salicylate (methyl 2-hydroxybenzoate) and linalyl ferulate (3,7-dimethylocta-1,6-dien-3-yl 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamate) carried out at 45°C under shaking with mole ratios of 200 mM of acid and 500 mM alcohol in DMSO using 15 mg mL^?1 of hyper-activated biocatalyst resulted in yield(s) of 77.2 % of methyl salicylate and 65.3 % of linalyl ferulate in the presence of molecular sieves. The hyper-activated biocatalyst was more efficient than the previously reported silica-bound lipase with minimum leaching of the enzyme from the reaction mixture. The K _m and V _max of the free (0.142 mM and 38.31 μmol min^?1 mL^?1, respectively) and silica-bound lipase (0.043 mM and 26.32 μmol min^?1 mg^?1, respectively) were determined for the hydrolysis of p-NPP. During repeated esterification studies using silica-bound lipase, yields of 50.1 % of methyl salicylate after the 5th cycle, and 53.9 % of linalyl ferulate after the 7th cycle of esterification were recorded. In the presence of molecular sieves (30 mg mL^?1) in the reaction mixture, the maximum syntheses of methyl salicylate (77.2 %) and linalyl ferulate (65.3 %) were also observed. In a volumetric batch scale-up, when the reaction volume was increased to 50 mL, 44.9 % and 31.4 % yields of methyl salicylate and linalyl ferulate, respectively, were achieved.     

8-5’新木脂素类化合物的合成方法研究

对羟基桂皮酸甲酯和阿魏酸甲酯分别在氧化银催化下发生自由基仿生氧化偶联反应, 合成得苯并二氢呋喃环结构化合物1, 1经甲基化反应得2. 1a和1和2分别在无水碳酸钾、10%氢氧化钠水溶液等不同的碱性条件下进行反应, 获得了11个苯并二氢呋喃环开环产物, 即8-5’新木脂素类化合物3a～9b, 实现了由苯并二氢呋喃新木脂素向8-5’新木脂素的转变, 也为合成芪类化合物提供了一种新方法. C-8位上的吸电子基团如酯基的影响使苯并二氢呋喃环易在碱性条件下开环形成8-5’新木脂素类化合物．所合成化合物的结构由MS, IR, 1H NMR和13C NMR进行了表征.     

New long-chained feruloyl ester from the bark of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Cedrelinga catenaeformis</Emphasis>

Tetradecyl ferulate and a new n-alkyl ester of 3-hydroxy-4-methoxy-trans-cinnamate (hexacosanylisoferulate) have been isolated from Cedrelinga catenaeformis Duke (Leguminoseae). The structures were determined by 1D- and 2D-NMR spectroscopy, mass spectrometry, chemical transformations and finally from unambiguous synthesis. This is the first report of long chained cinnamic acid ester derivative from the genus. Published in Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 3, pp. 214–216, May–June, 2007. Dedicated to Profs. S. El-Kousy, E. E. A. El-Khrisy, and K. B. G. Torssell on the occasion of their 60^th, 65^th, and 75^th birthdays.     

新型苯并二氢呋喃合二酮酸类化合物的合成及其与整合酶分子对接研究

以阿魏酸甲酯为原料,通过氧化偶联构建2-芳基苯并二氢呋喃骨架,再经傅克酰基化和酯缩合反应依次制得(E)-3-［2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-乙酰基)苯基-3-甲氧羰基-7-甲氧基-2,3-二氢苯［b］并呋喃-5-基］丙烯酸甲酯（3）和(E)-3-［2-(4-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-甲氧羰基乙酰基)苯基-3-甲氧羰基-7-甲氧基-2,3二氢苯并［b］呋喃-5-基］丙烯酸甲酯（4）; 4经水解反应合成3-【2-羟基-3-甲氧基-5-｛5-［2-（甲氧基羰基）乙烯基］-7-甲氧基-3-甲氧羰基-2,3-二氢苯并［b］呋喃-2-｝基】苯基-3-氧丙酸（5）,化合物3~5未见文献报道,其结构经¹H NMR, ¹³C NMR和MS(ESI)表征。采用分子对接软件Autodock vina对化合物2~5与HIV-1整合酶核心部位高度同源的PFV IN（PDB: 3L2V）进行对接,计算结果显示该类化合物能与整合酶形成稳定的复合物,具有1,3-二酮基团的化合物3, 4和5能与整合酶中金属离子产生螯合作用,其中化合物5的结合作用最强。     

Screening and analysis of an antineoplastic compound in Rhizoma Chuanxiong by means of in vitro metabolism and HPLC-MS

A new screening and analysis method that combines in vitro metabolism with high-performance liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS) was developed for the screening and analysis of an antineoplastic compound, coniferyl ferulate, which is present in the rhizome of Rhizoma Chuanxiong. Infrared (IR), ultraviolet visible spectroscopy (UV-Vis), nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) and element analysis were used to identify the molecular structure of coniferyl ferulate. The quantitative analysis of coniferyl ferulate in different extracts of Rhizoma Chuanxiong was carried out, and the metabolism of coniferyl ferulate was investigated by in vitro incubation with rat liver homogenate. The metabolite of coniferyl ferulate, ferulic acid ethyl ester, was identified by HPLC-MS, UV-Vis and IR. In addition, antineoplastic activities of coniferyl ferulate and ferulic acid ethyl ester were detected by the MTT assay. The observed inhibition rate of coniferyl ferulate on the activity of HeLa cells was over 80% at 5.4 ng μl⁻¹. However, its metabolite, ferulic acid ethyl ester, showed no antineoplastic activity in vitro.      

高效液相色谱法测定非洲刺李提取物中阿魏酸二十二烷酯

建立了非洲刺李提取物中阿魏酸二十二烷酯含量测定方法。采用ＳｐｈｅｒｉｓｏｒｂＣ１８柱,以甲醇为流动相,检测波长３２６ｎｍ,柱温４０℃,线性范围１０～１００ｍｇ／Ｌ（ｒ＝０．９９９５）。平均回收率９８．４％,ＲＳＤ为１．９８％。方法准确可靠,重现性好。     

流动注射化学发光抑制法测定阿魏酸钠

提出了Fe2+-H2O2-亚甲基蓝化学发光新体系并用于阿魏酸钠的测定。实验发现,在酸性介质中,Fe2+-H2O2体系可与亚甲基蓝反应产生极强的化学发光,阿魏酸钠对此化学发光具有显著的抑制作用。据此,结合流动注射技术,建立了阿魏酸钠化学发光分析新方法。研究了影响化学发光强度的因素,化学发光信号的降低值(ΔI)与阿魏酸钠浓度在4.5×10-6～4.5×10-5mol/L范围内呈良好的线性关系,方法的检出限为7.0×10-7mol/L。对4.8×10-6mol/L的阿魏酸钠进行了11次平行测定,其RSD=0.8%,该法已用于片剂中阿魏酸钠含量的测定。     

Design and synthesis of cellulose derivatives with antioxidant activity

In this study we report the synthesis and characterisation of cellulose ferulate, lipoate and alpha-tocopherulate, and their ability to inhibit lipid peroxidation in rat-liver microsomal membranes, induced in vitro by two different sources of free radicals: tert-butyl hydroperoxide and 2,2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane). We also compared the antioxidant efficiency of the ferulate derivatives obtained through two different synthetic runs, and of a tocopherulate derivative prepared from 6-carboxycellulose. This study showed that the designed systems, preserving the antioxidant activity of the free substrates, are more effective in protecting from tert-butyl hydroperoxide than from 2,2'-azobis-(2-amidinopropane). Moreover, the cellulose ferulate with the higher degree of substitution acted as the best antioxidant.     

Détermination par RMN 1H et 13C des Couplages J(CH) et J(CC) dans des Monomères Precurseurs de Lignine: Vanilline,Férulate d'Ethyle et Alcool Coniférylique Sélectivement Enrichis en 2H et 13C

Some monomer model compounds of lignin have been selectively ²H and ¹³C labelled: vanillin, ethyl ferulate, coniferyl alcohol and ethyl hydrogen malonate. Deuterium isotope effects on the ¹³C chemical shifts in [formyl-²H]vanillin, [5-²H]vanillin and [α,α,5-²H₃]coniferyl alcohol made the unambiguous assignment of the aromatic ¹³C signals possible. Absolute ^1,2,3J(CC) values have been determined on ¹³C spectra of [formyl-¹³C]vanillin, and of ethyl ferulate and coniferyl alcohol in which the vinylic C-γ and C-β carbons were ¹³C enriched. It has been possible to measure ⁴J(C?O, C-4) in vanillin and ⁴J(C-γ, C-4) in ethyl ferulate. The determination of ^1,2,3,4J (CH) absolute values was done by means of gated decoupled ¹³C spectra of the non-labelled compounds. When second order effects made the use of this technique impossible we determined certain J(CH) values and their signs either by analysing the ¹H NMR spectra of ¹³C labelled coniferyl alcohol [²J(C-β, H-γ), ²J(C-β, H-α), ²J(C-γ, H-β), ³J(C-γ, H-α)] or by a double irradiation experiment on the 250 MHz ¹H NMR spectrum of ethyl [β-¹³C] ferulate [for ²J(C-β, H-γ)].     

New O-acyl derivatives of lariciresinol

In an investigation of the composition of the extractive substance of the wood ofAbies sibirica Ledeb. andA. nephrolepis Maxim., new O-acylated lignans, previously unknown in nature, have been isolated. The structures of the two new compounds have been established by physicochemical methods and by independent synthesis: they are lariciresinol coumarate and ferulate. The PMR spectra of laricyl coumarate and laricyl ferulate were taken by G. A. Kalabin.     

茜素红荷移光度法测定阿魏酸哌嗪

研究了茜素红与阿魏酸哌嗪的显色反应,建立了阿魏酸哌嗪含量测定的分光光度法.在水溶剂中阿魏酸哌嗪与茜素红发生荷移反应生成紫红色的复合物,其最大吸收波长为524nm,表观摩尔吸光系数为1.86×103 L·mol-1·cm-1.阿魏酸哌嗪的浓度在1.60⁴8.0mg·L-1范围内与体系的吸光度呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为A=0.021 07+0.003 93c(mg·L-1,R=0.999 2),方法的检出限为1.19mg·L-1.将此新方法应用于阿魏酸哌嗪片中阿魏酸哌嗪含量的测定,回收率在97.5%48.0mg·L-1范围内与体系的吸光度呈良好的线性关系,其线性回归方程为A=0.021 07+0.003 93c(mg·L-1,R=0.999 2),方法的检出限为1.19mg·L-1.将此新方法应用于阿魏酸哌嗪片中阿魏酸哌嗪含量的测定,回收率在97.5%¹00.9%之间.     

1,3-二环基碳化二亚胺催化的阿魏酸对硝基苯酚酯一步合成法

1;3-二环基碳化二亚胺催化的阿魏酸对硝基苯酚酯一步合成法;酯化反应     

New O-acyl derivatives of lariciresinol

Summary In an investigation of the composition of the extractive substance of the wood ofAbies sibirica Ledeb. andA. nephrolepis Maxim., new O-acylated lignans, previously unknown in nature, have been isolated. The structures of the two new compounds have been established by physicochemical methods and by independent synthesis: they are lariciresinol coumarate and ferulate.The PMR spectra of laricyl coumarate and laricyl ferulate were taken by G. A. Kalabin.Irkutsk Institute of Organic Chemistry, Siberian Branch of the Academy of Sciences of the USSR. Translated from Khimiya Prirodnykh Soedinenii, No. 2, pp. 162–166, March–April, 1976.     

The Constituents of Euchresta Formosana

A new flavanone, euchrenone a₁₇ ( 1 ), along with eighteen known compounds, glabrol ( 2 ), euchrenone a₂ ( 3 ), formononetin ( 4 ), 7‐methoxy‐2′,4′‐dihydroxyisoflavone ( 5 ), 3‐(3,4‐dimethoxy‐phenyl)‐7,8‐dihydroxy‐chromon‐4‐one ( 6 ), 5,7,2′‐trihydroxy‐4′‐methoxyisoflavone ( 7 ), 2′‐hydroxygenistein ( 8 ), euchrenone b₁ ( 9 ), euchrenone b₂ ( 10 ), euchrenone b₁₆ ( 11 ), vanillin ( 12 ), p‐hydroxybenzoic acid ( 13 ), medicagol ( 14 ), octadecyl ferulate ( 15 ), (+)‐syringaresinol ( 16 ), β‐sitosteryl‐D‐glucoside ( 17 ), and a mixture of β‐sitosterol ( 18 ) and stigmasterol ( 19 ), were isolated from the methanolic extracts of the roots of Euchresta formosana. The structures of these compounds were established by means of spectral analysis.     

硫酸氢钠催化合成阿魏酸戊酯的研究

以正戊醇和阿魏酸为原料,一水硫酸氢钠为催化剂,直接酯化合成了阿魏酸戊酯.考察了催化剂用量、反应时间、醇酸物质的量比、带水剂用量等因素对反应的影响.确定了较佳反应条件为:阿魏酸0.2mol,n(阿魏酸)∶n(戊醇)=1∶2,一水硫酸氢钠0.5g,环己烷(带水剂)15mL,加热回流反应2h,在此反应条件下阿魏酸戊酯的产率为96.9％.     

Effect of Sodium Ferulate on Myocardial Ischemia Fibrosis Induced by Isoproterenol

We examined whether the powerful sodium ferulate(SF) could improve myocardial ischemia fibrosis degree and gain the information of myocardial energy metabolism via experimental model of myocardial ischemia fibrosis. The model of myocardial ischemia fibrosis was made for the wistar rats induced with 15 mg/kg isoproterenol(Iso) subcutaneous injection. In experiment 1, Iso effective model drug of myocardial ischemia fibrosis at present was administrated to the rats with myocardial ischemia fibrosis and 2, 4, 6...     

Terpenoids and phenolics from Plectranthus strigosus, bioactivity screening

Further studies on Plectranthus sp. (Lamiaceae) led to the isolation of terpenes and phenol esters from Plectranthus strigosus Benth. ent-16-Kauren-19-ol (1), ent-16-kauren-19-oic acid (2), xylopic acid (3), xylopinic acid (4), hinokiol (5), 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(H)-guai-9-ene (6) 4 beta,6 beta-dihydroxy-1 alpha,5 beta(H)-guai-10(14)-ene (7), mixtures of hexacosan-1,26-diol and octacosan-1,28-diol ferulate diesters (8), of esters from ferulic acid and fatty alcohols (9) and of esters from fatty acids and 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)-ethanol (10) were for the first time isolated from this genus. Supplementary spectral data for 3,8 and parvifloron D (11) metabolites are also presented. A bioactivity study revealed herpetic inhibitory properties for (1) and (2), and antioxidant ability for (5) and (8) phenolic constituents.