一类二阶微分方程的振动性

本文考虑二阶既具正系数又具负系数的时滞微分方程(x|¨)(t)+p(t)x(t-τ)-q(t)x(t-σ)=0 (*)(其中 p(t)、q(t)是[f_o,+∝)上的非负连续函数,τ、σ是正实数)的振动性。获得了方程(*)的所有有界解振动的充分性判据;以及在 p(t)、q(t)均为常数的情况下,获得了方程(1)的所有有界解振动的一些必要条件和充分必要条件。     

周期时滞微分方程解的构造与参数分布

本文讨论下形之时滞微分方程 (t)=q(t)x(t)-p(t)x(t-r),t≥0,(*)其中g(t),p(t)为[0,∞)上实值连续函数,具公共周期ω>0,而r=kω,k为正整数。 记 我们定义了方程(*)的“度数”m(,,r),它给出了方程(*)具正实部的特征指数的个数(按重数计),它由(,,r)的值所决定。并且,我们得出了(*)任一解的结构性表达式,即任一解均可表示为m个固定的无界解的线性组合与某个有界解之和。     

变时间分数阶扩散方程的非一致时间网格有限差分方法

本文在非一致时间网格上,使用有限差分方法求解变时间分数阶扩散方程?α(x,t)u(x,t)/tα(x,t)-2u(x,t)/x2=f(x,t),0α(x,t)q≤1,证明了该方法在最大范数下的稳定性与收敛性,收敛阶为C(Δt2-q+h2).数值实例验证了理论分析的结果.     

关于具有阻尼项的扩散方程

文章研究了具有阻尼项的扩散方程?u/?t=div(ρα|▽u|p-2▽u)-a(x)|▽u|q,讨论了该方程的初边值问题解的存在性,其中α＞0,q＜p,ρ(x)=dist(x,?Ω)是空间变量到边界?Ω的距离函数,a(x)是已知非负有界函数.作者利用抛物正则化的方法,证明了方程弱解的存在性.通过对检验函数的适当选取,可...     

Carnot群上的Hopf-Lax型公式

文中研究了Hamilton-Jacobi方程ut H(u,Du)=0,(p,t)∈G×(0, ∞),这里G是Carnot群,Du表示u的水平梯度.当函数H(γ,x)对变量,γ∈R是单调增的,而关于变量x∈Rm是凸的、径向且一阶齐次时,建立了该方程在有界连续初值u(p,0)=g(p)下有界粘性解的存在唯-性,其解由Hopf-Lax公式给出u(p,t)=min q∈G{h(p-1-p/t)vg(q)}其中函数h是由函数H(γ,X)关于变量X∈Rm的拟凸对偶提升到G上的,且关于Carnot-Caxathéodory距离是径向的.     

非线性双曲型方程的混合元方法

1　引　　言考虑下述非线性双曲型方程的混合问题:c(x,u)utt-.(a(x,u)u)=f(x,u,t),　　x∈Ω,t∈J,(1.1)u(x,0)=u0(x),　　x∈Ω,(1.2)ut(x,0)=u1(x),　　x∈Ω,(1.3)u(x,t)=-g(x,t),　　(x,t)∈Ω×J,(1.4)其中ΩR2是一具有Lipschitz边界Ω的有界区域,J=[0,T],0相似文献   

一类反应扩散方程的行波解

1　引　　言由于反应扩散方程涉及的大量问题来自物理学、化学、生物学和人口动力学中众多的数学模型,因而有广阔的实际背景.其行波解引起了人们的兴趣,行波解是某个常微分方程的解,对某些传播速度,利用几何方法可以建立其解的存在性(见[1][2][3]).在文[4]中J.Canosa讨论了Fisher方程ut=2u2x+u(1-u)(1)行波解的存在性、逼近解和误差估计.所谓方程(1)的行波解是指形为u(x,t)=u(x-ct)=u(z)的解.众所周知,行波解u(x,t)=u(x-ct)=u(z)是方程(1)的行波解的充要条件是d2udz2+cdudz+u(1-u)=0(2)若u(z)是单调有界且不恒为常数,则u(z)叫做(1)的波前…     

Schrdinger方程的解的概率表示

设{x(t),t≥,0}是 R~d(d≥1)中的 Brown 运动,P_x(·)是自 x 出发的 Brown 运动所产生的 Wiener 测度,E_x(·)表示关于 P_x 的积分,D 是 R~d 中的一个给定的有界区域,τ_D 是 Brown运动 x(t)首出 D 的时刻,q 是 D 内的一个给定的有界 Hlder 连续函数.为了简单起见,我     

THE DIRICHLET PROBLEM FOR DIFFUSION EQUATION

Let D be a bounded domain in the d 1-dimensional Euclidean space R~(d 1). This paper aims at giving a probabilistis treatment of the Dirichlet problem for the following diffusion equation on D(1/2⊿ q)u(x,t)=/(t)u(x,t),(x,t)∈D,where q is a function to be specified later and ⊿ is the Laplace operator sum from i=1 to d(~2/(x_i~2)). The existence and uniqueness theorems are given, and furthermore, the probabilistie representation and martingale charaeterization of the solutions for diffusion equations are obtained.     

一类四阶抛物型方程的解的渐近行为

本文考虑一维空间中四阶抛物型方程Cauchy问题{ut-(e)2xu+(e)4xu=(e)xf(u), x∈R,t＞0,u(x,0)=u0(x), x∈R,的整体解u=u(x,t)的大时间渐近行为和时间衰减速率,其中f(u)∈C1(R), |f(u)|≤C|u|q, q＞5/2.     

具有振动边值的扩散方程Dirichlet问题

本文以上（下）连续函数作为扩散方程u_t=1/2Δu+cu 在Ｄ内的Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ问题边值函数，讨论了振动边值的Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ问题，并用概率方法证明解的存在性、唯一性和稳定性，把古典Ｄｉｒｉｃｈｌｅｔ问题边值条件减弱到最一般情形     

Nonlocal diffusion problems that approximate the heat equation with Dirichlet boundary conditions

We present a model for nonlocal diffusion with Dirichlet boundary conditions in a bounded smooth domain. We prove that solutions of properly rescaled nonlocal problems approximate uniformly the solution of the corresponding Dirichlet problem for the classical heat equation.     

不连续三阶两点边值问题的可解性

证明了非线性三阶两点边值问题u′″（t）-q（u″（t））f（t，u（t）），u（O）=a，u（1）=b，u″（0）=c解的一个存在定理．在这个问题中，f（t，u）是一个Carathéodory函数而边界条件是非齐次的．我们的结论表明该问题能够有一个解，只要在R。的某个有界集合上q（υ）的“本性高度”与f（t，u）的“最大高度”积分的乘积是适当的．     

Curves of Positive Solutions for Supercritical Problems

For the Dirichlet problem on ball in R n with p < ( n + s )/( n m 2), we show existence of a critical u 0 > 0, such that there are two positive radial solutions for u ] (0, u 0 ), one at u = u 0 , and none for u > u 0 . In another direction we show that for the model problem with 1 h q < ( n + 2)/( n m 2) < p , on a bounded star-shaped domain in R n , there is a u * > 0 so that the problem has no positive solution for u < u *.     

NECESSARY AND SUFFICIENT CONDITIONS FOR THE EXISTENCE OF NONNEGATIVE SOLUTIONS OF INHOMOGENEOUS p-LAPLACE EQUATION

LetΩbe a smooth bounded domain in Rn. In this article, we consider the homogeneous boundary Dirichlet problem of inhomogeneous p-Laplace equation -△pu=|u|q-1u λf(x) onΩ, and identify necessary and sufficient conditions onΩand f(x) which ensure the existence, or multiplicities of nonnegative solutions for the problem under consideration.     

次线性奇异Dirichlet问题的正解

利用不动点指数理论,证明了奇异Dirichlet问题正解的存在性,其中函数q允许在t=0和t=1处奇异.有关结果可应用到非线性项可变号且下方无界的情形.     

EXISTENCE,MULTIPLICITY AND STABILITY RESULTS FOR POSITIVE SOLUTIONS OF NONLINEAR p-LAPLACIAN EQUATIONS

This paper studies the existence of positive solutions of the Dirichlet problem for the nonlinear equation involving p-Laplacian operator:-△pu=λf(u) on a bounded smooth domain Ω in Rn. The authors extend part of the Crandall-Rabinowitz bifurcation theory to this problem. Typical examples are checked in detail and multiplicity of the solutions are illustrated. Then the stability for the associated parabolic equation is considered and a Fujita-type result is presented.     

Positive Solutions of {Delta u}+u^{(n+2)/(n-2)}=0 on Contractible Domains

We show that there are bounded contractible domains in R^n, n ≥ 3, on which the Dirichlet problem for the equation Δu +u^{(n+2)/(n-2)} = 0 admit positive solutions. This result, combining with the well-known nonexistence result of Pohozaev, implies that geometry of the domains plays a crucial role in the solvability of the problem.     

DIRICHLET FORMS AND SYMMETRIC DIFFUSIONS ON A BOUNDED DOMAIN IN R~d

Let D be a bounded C~3-domain in R~d and(a_(ij))be a bounded symmetric matrixdefined on D.Consider the symmetric form(u,v)=1/2∫_D a_(ij)(x)(u(x))/(x_i) (v(x))/(x_j)dx,u,v∈H~1(D).Under some assumptions it is shown that the diffusion process associated with the regularDirichlet space(,(H~1(D))on L~2(D)can be characterized as a unique solution of acertain stochastic differential equation.