液态CO2高温高密度状态方程研究

 利用二级轻气炮作冲击加载手段，采用自己建立的低温靶，比较系统地研究了液态CO₂的冲击压缩行为。在20～60 GPa压力区获得六个新的Hugoniot数据点。根据这些实验点，采用液体统计力学理论和化学平衡方法，重新优化获得一组CO₂－CO₂，CO₂－O，CO－O作用势参数。分析表明，引起体系在25 GPa以上区域冲击软化现象的主要机制是CO₂离解反应，CO₂—→CO+O。     

利用π－/π+探测对称能的高密行为

利用同位旋和动量相关的IBUU相对论强子输运模型,以¹³²Sn+¹²⁴Sn碰撞在E/A=400MeV，b=1fm时为例,研究了在3种不同的对称能作用下发射粒子谱中π－/π＋的比率随时间和横动量的演化. 计算结果表明，π－/π＋的比率与核物质对称能的硬度有一个反向变化关系. 由于π介子主要来自于核反应形成的高密区,因此π－/π＋的比率可以作为精确研究核物质对称能高密行为的一个探针. 通过与实验数据的比较，就能够得出比以往更精确的关于对称能高密行为的重要信息.     

The Equation of State and Phase Structure in A Model with Dynamical Spontaneous Symmetry Breaking at Finite Temperature and Density

Based on the Lurie model,a convenient scheme is constructed for calculating the equation of state approximately.The parametric equaion of state is given in the Lurie model.The phase diagram of the model shows the existence of critical point separating first order from second order chiral phase transition.The careful analysis of isotherms of pressure versus net baryon number density suggests the existence of overheat and overcool metastable state and the coexistence of broken phase and normal phase.     

密度和温度相关的对称能

利用Hartree–Fock理论,基于扩展的Skyrme有效相互作用,在抛物线近似下,解析地给出了零温度时对称能的密度相关形式.同时讨论了对称能的温度相关性,发现对称能随着温度的升高而减小,在温度较低时,对称能强度系数与温度的关系能较好地符合抛物线规律.     

中子星可观测量与不同密度段核物质状态方程的关联

中子星物质主要是由高密度非对称核物质组成.目前通过地面重离子碰撞等实验来认识高密度非对称核物质的物态还存在很大的不确定性.随着对中子星天文观测精度的提高以及可观测量的增多,基于对中子星的天文观测来反向约束高密度非对称核物质物态成为了可能.从理论上去探讨中子星的可观测量与不同密度段物态方程的关联程度,将有助于上述反向对中...     

低能带电粒子核反应中电子屏蔽效应的温度相关性

为了揭示低能带电粒子核反应中电子屏蔽效应与温度之间的关系, 在德国鲁尔大学实验室的100kV加速器上系统测量了T=200\textcelsius时元素周期表中第三、四族以及镧系元素氘化靶中d(d,p)t反应的电子屏蔽效应. 由于氘在介质中的溶度(介质对氘的吸附能力)随温度升高而迅速下降, 该温度下金属表面不能形成氘化物, 导致金属性增强, 因而观测到了比常温下更显著的电子屏蔽效应. 这一测量结果可以用德拜模型来解释. 为了进一步验证德拜模型, 还测量了不同温度下氘化Co和Pt靶中d(d,p)t反应的电子屏蔽效应, 得到了电子屏蔽效应和温度 相关性的曲线. 实验结果与德拜模型的预言相符.     

高温高压条件下堆积颗粒的吸能效应

建立二维轴对称气固两相双流体物理模型.对三种不同源区初始质量比内能E0/10、E0/100、E0/1 000,固体堆积颗粒作用下气相流场能量、压力衰减进行数值模拟.结果表明:初始质量比内能越高,堆积颗粒作用下流场动能、内能衰减越快;初始质量比内能越高,流场压力衰减达到准静状态的速度越快,准静态后压力衰减也越快.     

同位旋非对称核物质性质与扩展的BHF方法(Ⅱ)状态方程、对称能以及三体核力效应

在同位旋相关的BHF理论框架内,研究了微观三体核力对非对称核物质状态方程和原子核对称能的影响.结果表明:即使引进了微观三体核力后,核物质结合能随同位旋非对称度的变化关系仍然能够在整个同位旋自由度范围内(0≤β≤1)相当精确地满足二次方规律.在核物质饱和密度ρ₀=0.17fm^－3处,三体核力对于对称能E_sym的影响很小,考虑三体核力后得到的对称能为30.71MeV,与其经验值符合得很好;对于高密度核物质,由于三体核力效应,对称能明显增大,而且三体核力使对称能随密度的增大要比不考虑三体核力情况下的计算结果陡得多.同时还给出了对称能的密度依赖关系的一个简单的参数化形式.     

低密度物态方程对中子星性质的影响

利用相对论平均场理论描述中子星的液体区域，Fermi气体模型或者FMT，BPS,和BBP模型描述中子星外壳，分别称为Fermi gas+RMF和RMF*，计算了中子星性质并且和相对论平均场理论给出的结果进行比较. 虽然低密度物态方程对中子星最大质量、中心密度、能量密度和压强的影响很小，但是它对中子星的质量半径关系改变很大. 对应中子星的最大质量，RMF和RMF*之间的半径差别为0.23-0.33km.     

Pesponse of the Neutron Star Properties to the Equation of State at Low Density

Using the RMF theory to describe the neutron liquid region in the neutron star and the Fermi gas model or FMT, BPS,and BBP model to describe the crust of the neutron star (referred as Fermi gas+RMF and RMF* respectively),the properties of the neutron star are calculated and compared with those from the RMF theory. Although the EOS at low density has negligible influence on the maximum mass of the neutron star, and its corresponding central density, energy density, and pressure, it changes the mass-radius relationship of neutron stars considerably. The differences of the neutron star radius corresponding to maximum mass between the RMF theory and RMF* calculations are 0.23-0.33 km.     

Calculation of Equation of State of QCD at Finite Chemical Potential and Temperature

In this paper, using path integral techniques we derive a model-independent formula for the pressure density P（μ, T） （or equivalently the partition function） of Quantum Chromodynamics （QCD）, which gives the equation of state （EOS） of QCD at finite chemical potential and temperature. In this formula the pressure density P（μ, T） consists of two terms： the first term （p（μ, T）｜T=0） is a μ-independent （but T-dependent） constant; the second term is totally determined by G[μ, T]（p, ωn） （the dressed quark propagator at finite μ and finite T）, which contains all the nontrivial μ-dependence. Then, in the framework of the rainbow-ladder approximation of the Dyson-Schwinger （DS） approach and under the approximation of neglecting the μ-dependence of the dressed gluon propagator, we show that G[μ, T]（p,ωn） can be obtained from G[T]（p,ωn ） （the dressed quark propagator at μ= 0） by the substitution ωn →ωn ＋ iμ. This result facilitates numerical calculations considerably. By this result, once C [T] （p, ωn） is known, one can determine the EOS of QCD under the above approximations （up to the additive term p（μ, T）｜T=0）. Finally, a comparison of the present EOS of QCD and the EOS obtained in the previous literatures in the framework of the rainbow-ladder approximation of the DS approach is given. It is found that the EOS given in the previous literatures does not satisfy the thermodynamic relation ρ（μ,T） =δp（μ,T）/δμ｜T.     

室温高压下天然锡石状态方程研究

 利用金刚石压腔同步辐射X射线就位衍射技术,在室温、最高压力达13 GPa条件下,对采自云南个旧锡矿的天然锡石做了X衍射测量。结果表明,在实验压力范围内锡石未发生相变,其晶胞参数随压力增大而逐渐减小。与前人合成锡石实验结果相比,本次实验测定的晶胞参数偏大。由Birch状态方程对实验结果p-V进行最小二乘法拟合,得出锡石的K_T(0)＝228 GPa。分析认为,在天然矿物晶体中,Zr对Sn的类质同象置换是晶胞参数偏大的主要原因。     

高温高压下液态水声速的研究——不同状态方程的准确性验证

 研究水的热力学状态方程,对于理解地球及行星科学等起着重要作用,但由于高温高压区域的实验数据较少,该区域的状态方程主要依赖于由低压部分外延或分子动力学模拟计算得到。采用布里渊散射技术测量熔解曲线附近液态水的声速,低温区采用电加热系统,高温区采用激光加热布里渊散射系统,分析比较了由实验测量得到的声速值与用经验状态方程计算的结果之间的差别。结果表明,在温度不超过673 K、压力不超过6.0 GPa的范围内,Abramson方程的计算结果与实验测量结果在误差范围内一致,而Saul 和IAPWS-95的预言值比实验测量值偏高,并且温度越高偏差越大。在压力为21 GPa、温度为890~1 100 K时,实验测量出的水的声速比状态方程预言的结果偏高。     

Free Energy of the Cauchy Directed Polymer Model at High Temperature

We study the Cauchy directed polymer model on \(\mathbb {Z}^{1+1}\), where the underlying random walk is in the domain of attraction to the 1-stable law. We show that, if the random walk satisfies certain regularity assumptions and its symmetrized version is recurrent, then the free energy is strictly negative at any inverse temperature \(\beta >0\). Moreover, under additional regularity assumptions on the random walk, we can identify the sharp asymptotics of the free energy in the high temperature limit, namely,

$$\begin{aligned} \lim \limits _{\beta \rightarrow 0}\beta ^{2}\log (-p(\beta ))=-c. \end{aligned}$$

     

Effects of the Symmetry Energy and its Slope on Neutron Star Properties

In this work, we study the influence of the symmetry energy and its slope on three major properties of neutron stars: the maximum mass, the radii of the canonical 1.4 M _⊙ and the minimum mass that enables the direct Urca effect. We utilize four parametrizations of the relativistic quantum hadrodynamics and vary the symmetry energy within accepted values. We see that although the maximum mass is almost independent of it, the radius of the canonical 1.4M _⊙ and the mass that enables the direct Urca effect is strongly correlated with the symmetry energy and its slope. Also, since we expect that the radius grows with the slope, a theoretical limit arises when we increase this quantity above certain values.     

Nonlocalization of Nonlocal Symmetry and Symmetry Reductions of the Burgers Equation

Symmetry reduction method is one of the best ways to find exact solutions. In this paper, we study the possibility of symmetry reductions of the well known Burgers equation including the nonlocal symmetry. The related new group invariant solutions are obtained. Especially, the interactions among solitons, Airy waves, and Kummer waves are explicitly given.     

岩盐结构氧化锌物态方程的分子动力学模拟

利用分子动力学方法和有效经验对势模型对ZnO岩盐结构高温高压下的物态方程进行了研究， 发现分子动力学方法得到的ZnO岩盐结构的摩尔体积(300?1273 K，3.2?10.4 GPa)和实验结果吻合；另外，基于经验势模型的可靠性预测了1373?2273 K和0? 50 GPa的ZnO岩盐结构的P-V -T关系，并利用相应的热力学公式拟合得到了ZnO岩盐结构常态下的线性热膨胀系数、等温体模量及其对压力的一阶导数等重要的热力学参量．     

Nonlocalization of Nonlocal Symmetry and Symmetry Reductions of the Burgers Equation

Symmetry reduction method is one of the best ways to find exact solutions. In this paper, we study the possibility of symmetry reductions of the well known Burgers equation including the nonlocal symmetry. The related new group invariant solutions are obtained. Especially, the interactions among solitons, Airy waves, and Kummer waves are explicitly given.