还原石墨烯氧化物-银纳米线柔性复合电极的制备与性能研究

制备了一种具有高导电性、高透过率以及良好的柔性和机械稳定性的还原石墨烯氧化物(RGO)-银纳米线(AgNW)复合电极.将低浓度的AgNW旋涂在制备的RGO薄膜上,使AgNW搭接在RGO的晶界、褶皱处,提高了RGO薄膜的载流子迁移能力.在保证透过率的前提下,提高复合薄膜的导电性能.结合薄膜转写工艺,制备了电阻为420 Ω/口且透过率达62％的RGO-AgNW柔性复合电极.该复合电极具有良好的柔性以及机械稳定性,随着弯折次数的增加,电阻没有明显变化.     

氧化钨纳米线气敏传感器的制备及其室温NO_2敏感特性

纳米结构的氧化钨有高比表面积和气体吸附能力,在气体传感器领域得到了广泛研究.本文采用磁控溅射金属钨薄膜和两步热氧化工艺在二氧化硅衬底上生长出氧化钨纳米线.通过改变第二步氧化温度,研究退火温度对氧化钨纳米线气敏特性的影响.采用扫描电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、X射线光电子能谱分析仪和透射射电子显微镜表征材料的微观特性和晶体结构,利用静态配气法测试气敏性能.研究结果表明,经过退火处理后氧化钨纳米线密度略微降低,300℃比400℃退火后的氧化钨结晶性差,对应的表面态含量多,有利于室温气体敏感性.测试NO_2的气敏性能,经过对比得出300℃退火温度下制备的氧化钨纳米线在室温下表现出较很好的气敏响应,对6 ppm(1 ppm=10~(-6))NO_2达到2.5,对检测极限0.5 ppm NO_2响应达1.37.氧化钨纳米线在室温下表现出反常的P型响应,是因为氧化钨纳米线表面被氧气吸附形成反型层,空穴取代电子成为主要载流子所致.     

DNA银纳米线的制备及其拉曼光谱

根据DNA分子的静电自组装性质,利用加热和紫外照射相结合的方法制备出大小均匀,粒径约为7.8 nm的呈正电性的银纳米颗粒。在预先梳直的小牛胸腺DNA模板上合成了长约2 μm、直径约30 nm、银颗粒较均匀分布的银纳米线。拉曼光谱表明：银颗粒主要结合在DNA主链上,同时脱氧核糖和碱基的振动峰也受到影响。磷酸根骨架的伸缩振动峰782和1 098 cm-1的强度明显减少,且谱线782移动到791 cm-1。脱氧核糖C—O的伸缩特征峰1 011和1 050 cm-1分别移动到1 030和1 064 cm-1。碱基的特征峰1 372,1 334, 1 304和728 cm-1分别移动到1 368,1 320,1 294和731 cm-1。     

基于银/二氧化钛复合膜的表面等离子共振气体传感器

表面等离子体共振是一种免标记的传感技术,当介质周围的介电常数发生改变时,则SPR谐振光谱特性也会随之改变.因此表面等离子体共振传感技术已广泛应用于生物化学和环境监测等领域.由于二氧化钛(TiO2)覆盖层不仅可以保护金属层,还能调谐SPR谐振的光谱强度和谐振波长于近红外波段,应用于1550 nm的光纤传感,其氧化还原反应...     

银修饰的ZnO纳米线的发光和光响应性质

采用不同浓度的银溶液对水热方法生长的ZnO纳米线进行了银修饰,并对其形貌、光致发光和光响应特性进行了研究.实验结果表明,随着修饰用银浓度的加大,光致发光的强度减弱.对原生的和用浓度为10mmol/L的银修饰的ZnO纳米线的光响应进行了测试和比较,发现银修饰的ZnO纳米线在380 nm的响应度达4.6 mA/W,其值是未...     

基于AgNW:HPMC嵌入结构的低粗糙度银纳米线透明电极性能研究

将银纳米线与不同浓度的羟丙基甲基纤维素以一步混合的方法制备导电银浆,旋涂并热压制备具有嵌入式结构的复合透明电极.分别改变银纳米线和羟丙基甲基纤维素的混合比例,研究其比例对电极光电性能、粗糙度和稳定性的影响.结果表明,一步法得到的导电银浆可以有效制备嵌入式结构透明电极,显著改善银纳米线电极的平整性和稳定性.电极中羟丙基甲...     

柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池中电极材料和电荷传输材料的研究进展

近年来,钙钛矿材料因具有良好的光电性能和电荷传输特性,被认为是太阳能电池的后起之秀。可通过低成本印刷制备的柔性钙钛矿太阳能电池(F-PSCs)具有轻便、可弯曲的优点,在便携式可穿戴电子和光伏建筑等领域应用前景广阔。通过对钙钛矿光吸收层、电荷传输层、基底和电极材料的优化,F-PSCs的效率已经超过20%。制备工艺的快速发展为F-PSCs的应用打下了坚实的基础。本文着重介绍F-PSCs中的透明导电底电极材料、电子传输材料、空穴传输材料和对电极材料的最新研究进展及其对F-PSCs光电性能和稳定性的影响,并对超薄钙钛矿光吸收层的优化进行了综述和总结。最后,对F-PSCs的大规模生产和封装技术进行了介绍。     

多晶银纳米线拉伸变形的分子动力学模拟研究

纳米尺度金属Ag以其独特的导电和导热性,广泛应用于微电子、光电子学、催化等领域,特别是在纳米微电极和纳米器件方面的应用.本文采用分子动力学方法模拟了不同晶粒尺寸下多晶银纳米线的拉伸变形行为,详细分析了晶粒尺寸对多晶银纳米线弹性模量、屈服强度、塑性变形机理的影响.发现当晶粒尺寸小于13.49 nm时,多晶Ag纳米线呈现软化现象,出现反Hall-Petch关系,此时的塑性变形机理主要以晶界滑移、晶粒转动为主,变形后期形成五重孪晶;当晶粒尺寸大于13.49 nm时,塑性变形以位错滑移为主,变形后期产生大量的孪晶组织.     

银纳米线的侧向生长及其抑制研究

采用多元醇法,在不同温度,不同PVP滴加速度和加入量的条件下合成了银纳米线。利用XRD, UV-Vis, SEM和TEM对银纳米线及其侧向生长过程进行了观察和分析。UV-Vis表明银纳米线在纵向生长的同时发生了侧向生长。而且表示银纳米线侧向生长的紫外吸收光谱峰在银纳米线合成后期发生了明显的红移,由384 nm红移至约388 nm处,表明银纳米线合成后期直径迅速增长,银纳米线发生了快速的侧向生长。SEM研究表明银纳米线直径在反应前期(15～23 min)只增加了20 nm,而在反应后期(23～30 min)银纳米线直径增加了近150 nm,SEM观察结果与UV-Vis分析结论一致。同时还发现银纳米线直径不仅与晶种大小有关而且与银线外覆盖的银层厚度有关,银源以吸附在银线侧面的小银颗粒为附着点沿其侧面多点沉积导致了银纳米线的侧向生长;降低反应液温度(165 ℃降至155 ℃),降低PVP滴加速度(67 mL·h-1减小到49 mL·h-1)以及减少银纳米线合成后期PVP加入量可抑制银纳米线的侧向生长,显著提高银纳米线长径比,银纳米线直径由200 nm减小至100 nm左右,长度仍保持在100 μm以上。     

柔性有机发光二极管柔性电极薄膜的研究进展

柔性有机发光二极管(FOLED)具有机械柔韧性好、低功耗、驱动电压低、高色域、宽视角、响应速度快等优点,在柔性显示、柔性照明、可穿戴设备等方面显示了广阔的应用前景。虽然柔性OLED研究与应用已经有了很大程度的进展,但要实现产业化,稳定性、效率及其电极等方面都需要进一步完善。本文介绍了柔性衬底与导电电极的制备及处理方法,并对柔性OLED的发展趋势进行了展望。     

Thermoelectric characteristics of flexible reduced graphene oxide/silver selenide nanowire composites prepared by a facile vacuum filtration process

The reduced graphene oxide/silver selenide nanowire (rGO/Ag₂Se NW) composite powders were fabricated via a wet chemical approach, and then flexible rGO/Ag₂Se NW composite film was prepared by a facile vacuum filtration method combined with cold-pressing treatment. A highest power factor of 228.88 μW·m^-1·K^-2 was obtained at 331 K for the cold-pressed rGO/Ag₂Se NW composite film with 0.01 wt% rGO. The rGO/Ag₂Se NW composite film revealed superior flexibility as the power factor retained 94.62% after bending for 500 times with a bending radius of 4 mm, which might be due to the interwoven network structures of Ag₂Se NWs and pliability of rGO as well as nylon membrane. These results demonstrated that the GO/Ag₂Se NW composite film has a potential for preparation of flexible thermoelectric devices.     

Complete coverage of reduced graphene oxide on silicon dioxide substrates

Reduced graphene oxide(RGO) has the advantage of an aqueous and industrial-scale production route. No other approaches can rival the RGO field effect transistor platform in terms of cost(相似文献   

A new analytical device incorporating a nitrogen doped lanthanum metal oxide with reduced graphene oxide sheets for paracetamol sensing

The novel N-CeO₂ nanoparticles decorated on reduced graphene oxide (N-CeO₂@rGO) composite has been synthesized by sonochemical method. The characterization of as prepared nanocomposite was intensely performed by UV–Vis, FT-IR, EDX, FE-SEM, HR-TEM, XRD, and TGA analysis. The synthesized nanomaterial was further investigated for its selective and sensitive sensing of paracetamol (PM) based on a N-CeO₂@rGO modified glassy carbon electrode. A distinct and improved reversible redox peak of PM is obtained at N-CeO₂@rGO nanocomposite compared to the electrodes modified with N-CeO₂ and rGO. It displays a very good performance with a wide linear range of 0.05–0.600 μM, a very low detection limit of 0.0098 μM (S/N = 3), a high sensitivity of 268 μA µM⁻¹ cm⁻² and short response time (<3 s). Also, the fabricated sensor shows a good sensibleness for the detection of PM in various tablet samples.     

Synthesis of NiCo2S4 nanospheres/reduced graphene oxide composite as electrode material for supercapacitor

The NiCo₂S₄ nanospheres arrayed on the surface of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) was fabricated via one-step hydrothermal method. The effect of initial feeding mass of Ni(NO₃)₂·6H₂O and Co(NO₃)₂·6H₂O to rGO on the microstructure and electrochemical performance of the as-prepared composites was studied. The results indicated that the specific capacitances of the composites were first increased and then reduced due to the aggregation of NiCo₂S₄ nanospheres. NiCo₂S₄ nanospheres/rGO composites exhibited a remarkable specific capacitance of 1406 F/g and excellent cyclic stability of 82.36% at the current density of 1 A/g, which were better than those of individual NiCo₂S₄ (792 F/g and 64.77%) counterpart. These results showed that the as-prepared NiCo₂S₄ nanospheres/rGO composites were outstanding candidate for electrode material of supercapacitors.     

Structural and optical properties of thermally reduced graphene oxide for energy devices

Natural intercalation of the graphite oxide, obtained as a product of Hummer's method, via ultra-sonication of water dispersed graphite oxide has been carried out to obtain graphene oxide(GO) and thermally reduced graphene oxide(RGO).Here we report the effect of metallic nitrate on the oxidation properties of graphite and then formation of metallic oxide(MO) composites with GO and RGO for the first time. We observed a change in the efficiency of the oxidation process as we replaced the conventionally used sodium nitrate with that of nickel nitrate Ni(NO_3)_2, cadmium nitrate Cd(NO_3)_2,and zinc nitrate Zn(NO_3)_2. The structural properties were investigated by x-ray diffraction and observed the successful formation of composite of MO–GO and MO–RGO(M = Zn, Cd, Ni). We sought to study the effect on the oxidation process through optical characterization via UV-Vis spectroscopy and Fourier Transform Infrared(FTIR) spectroscopy.Moreover, Thermo Gravimetric Analysis(TGA) was carried out to confirm 90% weight loss in each process thus proving the reliability of the oxidation cycles. We have found that the nature of the oxidation process of graphite powder and its optical and electrochemical characteristics can be tuned by replacing the sodium nitrate(NaNO_3) by other metallic nitrates as Cd(NO_3)_2, Ni(NO_3)_2, and Zn(NO_3)_2. On the basis of obtained results, the synthesized GO and RGO may be expected as a promising material in antibacterial activity and in electrodes fabrication for energy devices such as solar cell, fuel cell,and super capacitors.     

Magnetic and electromagnetic absorption properties of FeNi alloy nanoparticles supported by reduced graphene oxide

FeNi alloy nanoparticles (NPs) supported by reduced graphene oxide (RGO) (FeNi/RGO nanocomposites) were successfully synthesized through in‐situ reduction. Large amounts of sphere‐like FeNi NPs are uniformly deposited on the RGO nanosheets. The magnetic hysteresis measurement reveals the ferromagnetic behavior of the nanocomposites at room temperature. According to the electromagnetic (EM) characteristics, the FeNi/RGO nanocomposites show outstanding EM absorption properties in the 2–18 GHz range, as evidenced by the wide effective absorption bandwidth (up to 3.3 GHz, with reflection loss R_L < –10 dB) and a minimal R_L (–32 dB) at 12.4 GHz with a thickness of 1.5 mm. (© 2014 WILEY‐VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

Enhanced microwave absorption performance of MOF-derived hollow Zn-Co/C anchored on reduced graphene oxide

Composite materials assembled by metal/carbon nanoparticles and 2D layered flakes can provide abundant interfaces, which are beneficial for high-performance microwave absorbers. Herein, Zn-Co/C/RGO composites, composed of Zn-Co metal-organic framework-derived Zn-Co/C nanoparticles and reduced graphene oxide (RGO), were obtained through a facile method. The multilayer structure was due to the introduction of hollow Zn-Co/C nanoparticles in the RGO sheets. Zn-Co/C nanoparticles provided abundant polarization and dipole centers on the RGO surface, which enhanced the microwave absorption abilities. Different concentrations of RGO were introduced to optimize impedance matching. The minimum reflection loss (R_L) of Zn-Co/C/RGO with a thickness of 1.5 mm reached -32.56 dB with the bandwidth corresponding to R_L at -10 dB, which can reach 3.92 GHz, while a minimum R_L of -47.15 dB at 11.2 GHz was also obtained at a thickness of 2.0 mm. The electromagnetic data demonstrate that Zn-Co/C/RGO presented excellent absorption performance and has potential for application in the microwave absorption field.     

One-pot sonochemical synthesis of CuS nanoplates decorated partially reduced graphene oxide for biosensing of dopamine neurotransmitter

The sonochemical methods have been used as a straight forward method for the synthesis of various composite materials, including the transition metal dichalcogenide composites. In the present work, we report a simple sonochemical synthesis of CuS nanoplates decorated partially reduced graphene oxide (PrGO) nanocomposite for the first time. The PrGO-CuS nanocomposite was synthesized using bath-sonication (frequency: 37 kHz; power: 150 W) of graphene oxide (GO), and CuS precursors at 80 °C for 60 min. The physicochemical characterization (FESEM, XRD, FTIR, and Raman spectroscopy) results confirmed the successful formation of CuS nanoplates on PrGO nanosheets. The as-synthesized PrGO-CuS nanocomposite was further utilized for electroanalysis of dopamine neurotransmitter. The obtained electroanalytical results revealed that PrGO-CuS nanocomposite has superior electrochemical activity towards dopamine than those obtained for GO, CuS, and GO-CuS composite. The fabricated biosensor shows a lower limit of detection (0.022 µM) with a more comprehensive linear response range (0.1–155.1 µM) for the detection of dopamine. Moreover, the PrGO-CuS nanocomposite electrode was successfully used for the detection of dopamine in bovine serum albumin.     

Structurally improved reduced graphene oxide nanocluster structured assembly with Naringin for the effective photothermal therapy of colon tumour patients and nursing care management

Functionalization of naringin (Nar) on a nanomaterials surface will decrease their detrimental side effects and escape them from immunological rejection. In this study, we developed a sustainable green chemistry route to fabricate naringin-reduced graphene oxide nanosheets (rGO@Nar) through the easy method. The hydroxyl group of Naringin reduces and generates the functionalization of rGO@Nar, and it was confirmed through various spectroscopic method (FT-IR and Raman) and electroscopic methods (FE-SEM and HR-TEM). After careful evaluation of the nanocomposion, we performed cancer cell growth inhibition properties of the colon cancer cell line and Human vein endothelial cells (HT-29 and HUVEC). Also, we performed the photothermal effects of these nanocomposites on cell proliferation and apoptosis using different biochemical staining. Our in vitro investigational datas are established rGO@Nar effectively exhibited and also with rGO@Nar?+?NIR the photothermal conversion therapy improved prostate cancer cells abolishing the cancer cells. More interestingly rGO@Nar?+?NIR was found to surpass the activity of rGO@Nar in colon cancer cells tested a topnotches. Thus, our study suggests that rGO@Nar?+?NIR could be used as impending anticancer candidate for photothermal ablation of prostate cancer cells. Further examinations of the mechanism indicated that anticancer activity was accomplished by inducing apoptosis in cancer cells.