激光线宽和光强对同位素原子选择光电离的影响

本文研究了非单色(有限带宽)激光场与同位素原子体系相互作用的激发光电离过程. 采用混沌场随机模型描述激光场,用密度矩阵理论和Fokker-Planck方程方法首次给出了非单色激光场与多能级原子相互作用的激发动力学方程. 针对三能级同位素原子体系,讨论了激光线宽和激光光强对同位素原子电离概率和激光同位素分离过程中分离选择性的影响. 关键词： 激光同位素分离 激发动力学方程 激光线宽 Rabi频率     

原子法激光分离同位素中的光物理过程

介绍了原子法激光分离铀同位素的历史和现状，讨论了高激发态铀原子能级的参数（同位素移动，超精细结构、跃迁截面等）的测量和理论，强激光场中自电离态的行为，考虑了激光相干性之后的相互作用以及原子与多模激光相互作用的统计学问题等。     

脉冲激光场选择性光电离同位素原子

对三个脉冲激光场与两种四能级同位素原子选择性相互作用的动力学过程进行了研究。由旋转波近似下的含时Ｓｃｈｒ?ｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程出发，利用Ｓｙｌｖｅｓｔｅｒ定理分别对于近共振和非共振两种激发过程的动力学方程求解，导出了激发和电离几率的解析表达式。研究结果揭示了窄带强激光激发原子的过程中的相干振荡特性。在近共振激发时，导出了粒子布居在激发态上反转的条件，并由此提供了选择性激发和电离过程中所采用的脉冲激光源之基本参数的选择依据。 关键词：     

强激光场下原子分子量子隧穿实验测量

强激光场下原子分子的多光子电离和隧道电离是极端条件下的量子现象,也是强场光物理中基本的动力学过程.测量原子分子在强激光场中的超快动力学对探索微观粒子内部结构和相互作用有重要意义.本文简述强场光电离中的基本概念和现象,并介绍强激光与原子分子相互作用研究中的重要仪器——冷靶反冲离子动量成像谱仪(COLT-RIMS),最后展...     

两个二能级原子与辐射场的量子动力学性质

用完全量子化方法研究两个二能级原子与腔场相互作用过程中，原子能级占居几率与辐射场的量子动力学性质，讨论了原子间耦合及激光发场对上述性质的影响，揭示了原子耦合与原子－场相互作用之间的联系。     

多原子体系与单模腔场相互作用的动力学特性

利用迁移矩阵方法，给出了多体系与单模腔场相互作用的稳态解条件。在大平均光子数极限下，研究了体系的动力学特性。本文讨论了多原子－单模量子化光场的真空效应。     

两个原子与双模腔场的多光子相互作用：场和原子的动力学性质

研究一对偶极相互作用原子与双模量子腔场的多光子相互作用，分析场和原子的动力学性质，给出腔模平均光子数和原子反转度时间演化的解析表达式，考察腔模初态、初场强度以及原子间偶极－偶极相互作用的影响。     

强激光场原子隧道电离的研究新进展

光与物质的相互作用一直是科学的主旋律之一.随着超强超短激光技术的快速发展,如今人们可以研究单个原子的内部世界,并调控光与电子的相互作用,从而实现了对原子内电子的超快动力学过程的探索.强激光诱导的原子隧道电离是众多强场物理现象的基石,具有重要的研究意义,也是研究前沿的热点之一.综述了强场原子隧道电离的最新研究进展,基于隧...     

三能级三模量子系统中探测场的增益研究

研究了三能级原子与多模光场相互作用的量子系统，从系统的密度矩阵运动方程出发讨论了无粒子数反转探测场的增益条件，发现当驱动场拉比频率取5，探测场拉比频率取1，非相干抽运取3，驱动场失谐量取3时，系统可以在偏离共振的两端获得粒子数无反转而相应的探测场获得了增益，即实现了无粒子数反转激光，其在光通信方面具有重要的应用价值。     

双原子分子在强红外激光场中的多光子解离理论

研究双原子分子的红外多光子解离，外场与分子的相互作用采用偶极近似，由Ｃｌｏｓｅ-Ｃｏｕｐｌｉｎｇ方法，可将体系的Ｓｃｈｒ?ｄｉｎｇｅｒ方程转化为一个矩阵方程，其中的系数矩阵具有时间周期性．因此，能够应用Ｆｌｏｑｕｅｔ理论非常有效地减少计算工作量而得到方程的解．为了给出数字结果，详细计算了ＨＦ分子的多光子解离，所用红外激光场的强度为１.２５×１０^１２Ｗ／ｃｍ^２． 关键词：     

Simultaneous multiphoton ionization by two radiation fields. Effects of the statistical properties of the radiation

Summary We report on calculations of differential and total ionization cross-sections of hydrogen atoms irradiated by two radiation fields with different properties. One of the fields is of low intensity and relatively high frequency, the other is of low frequency and high intensity. In particular, we show that the inclusion of the multimode structure of the low-frequency laser field modifies considerably the shape of the angular distribution of the photoelectrons and the rates of ionization into the different channels characterized by the number of low-frequency photons exchanged. Further, we find that the average energy exchanged between the photoelectrons and the low-frequency radiation field is independent of the statistical properties of the low-frequency laser field.     

Quantum Statistical Behaviors of Interaction of an Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensate with Laser

We have investigated quantum statistical behaviors of photons and atoms in interaction of an atomic Bose-Einstein condensate with quantized laser field. When the quantized laser field is initially prepared in a superposition state which exhibits holes in its photon-number distribution, while the atomic field is initially in a Fock state, it is found that there is energy exchange between photons and atoms. For the input and output states, the photons and atoms may exhibit the sub-Poissonian distribution. The input and output laser fields may exhibit quadrature squeezing, but for the atomic field, only the output state exhibits quadrature squeezing. It is shown that there exists the violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, which means that the correlation between photons and atoms is nonclassical.     

Quantum Statistical Behaviors of Interaction of an Atomic Bose-Einstein Condensate with Laser

We have investigated quantum statistical behaviors of photons and atoms in interaction of an atomic Bose Einstein condensate with quantized laser field. When the quantized laser field is initially prepared in a superposition state which exhibits holes in its photon-number distribution, while the atomic field is initially in a Fock state, it is found that there is energy exchange between photons and atoms. For the input and output states, the photons and atoms may exhibit the sub-Poissonian distribution. The input and output laser fields may exhibit quadrature squeezing, but for the atomic field, only the output state exhibits quadrature squeezing. It is shown that there exists the violation of the Cauchy-Schwartz inequality, which means that the correlation between photons and atoms is nonclassical.``     

Interferometry with Ca atoms

Separated field excitation of a calcium atomic beam using four traveling laser fields represents two distinct atom interferometers utilizing the internal degrees of freedom of the atoms. Phase shifts between the atomic partial waves have been realized by phase shifts of the laser wave fields, by the ac-Stark shift, and by rotation of the interferometer (Sagnac effect). One particular interferometer can be selected by interaction of the atomic waves with extra laser fields. We furthermore report on the preparation of a laser cooled and deflected calcium atomic beam that can be utilized to largely increase the sensitivity of the interferometer.     

Measuring E and B fields in laser-produced plasmas with monoenergetic proton radiography

Electromagnetic (E/B) fields generated by the interaction with plasmas of long-pulse, low-intensity laser beams relevant to inertial confinement fusion have been measured for the first time using novel monoenergetic proton radiography methods. High-resolution, time-gated radiography images of a plastic foil driven by a 10(14) W/cm(2) laser implied B fields of approximately 0.5 MG and E fields of approximately 1.5 x 10(8) V/m. Simulations of these experiments with LASNEX+LSP have been performed and are in overall (though not exact) agreement with the data both for field strengths and for spatial distributions; this is the first direct experimental test of the laser-generated B-field package in LASNEX. The experiments also demonstrated that laser phase plates substantially reduce medium-scale chaotic field structure.     

Multimode semiconductor laser with selective optical feedback

We study a multimode semiconductor laser subject to moderate selective optical feedback. The steady state of the laser is destabilized by a Hopf bifurcation and exhibits a period-doubling route to chaos. We also show the existence of a heteroclinic connection between a saddle node and an unstable focus that can be associated with experimentally observed multimode low-frequency fluctuations. This heteroclinic connection coexists with a chaotic attractor resulting from the period-doubling process.     

Three-photon interference spectra in four-level atomic systems

We have considered the interference spectra that occur at the three-photon generated frequency arising from the interaction of three laser fields with a four-level atom, where two of the laser fields are on two-photon resonance with the three levels forming a “λ” scheme while the third laser operates between the second ground and the second excited state of the atom. At low intensities of all three laser fields, the overall intensity of the peak at the three-photon generated frequency, describing the spectrum of an electron in the second excited state, depends on the strength of the combined field of the two laser fields that are on two-photon resonance and it takes negative values. This indicates that light amplification without population inversion is likely to occur at the three-photon generated frequency. The combined field of the three laser fields induces multiphoton excitations near the three-photon generated frequency, whose peaks are characterized by linewidths which are much less than the natural linewidths of the atoms. These excitations describe absorption or stimulating emission processes depending on the values of the detunings of the laser fields. The derived results are graphically presented and discussed. Received: 24 January 2001 / Published online: 8 June 2001     

Influence of the virtual photon field on the squeezing properties of atom laser

This paper investigates the squeezing properties of an atom laser without rotating-wave approximation in the system of a binomial states field interacting with a two-level atomic Bose--Einstein condensate. It discusses the influences of atomic eigenfrequency, the interaction intensity between the optical field and atoms,parameter of the binomial states field and virtual photon field on the squeezing properties. The results show that two quadrature components of an atom laser can be squeezed periodically. The duration and the degree of squeezing an atom laser have something to do with the atomic eigenfrequency and the parameter of the binomial states field, respectively. The collapse and revival frequency of atom laser fluctuation depends on the interaction intensity between the optical field and atoms. The effect of the virtual photon field deepens the depth of squeezing an atom laser.     

Generating controllable atom-light entanglement with a Raman atom laser system

We introduce a scheme for creating continuous variable entanglement between an atomic beam and an optical field, by using squeezed light to outcouple atoms from a Bose-Einstein condensate via a Raman transition. We model the full multimode dynamics of the atom laser beam and the squeezed optical field and show that, with appropriate two-photon detuning and two-photon Rabi frequency, the transmitted light is entangled in amplitude and phase with the outcoupled atom laser beam. The degree of entanglement is controllable via changes in the two-photon Rabi frequency of the outcoupling process.