双脉冲驱动锗薄膜靶产生的等离子体XUV光谱

用１米掠入射光栅谱仪测量了在点聚焦和线聚焦两种打靶方式下，单脉冲或双脉冲驱动锗薄膜产生的等离子体ＸＵＶ光谱。并对测得结果进行了分析讨论。在点聚焦打靶条件下，等离子体发射的ＸＵＶ光谱主要为底衬材料发射的谱线，集中在小于１９ｕｍ的波长范围内。在靶长１０ｍｍ线聚焦打靶条件下，Ｇｅ等离子体谱线增多，出现了ＧｅＸＸⅢ３ｓ─３ｐＪ＝０－１和Ｊ＝２－１两条激光线。Ｃ离子的Ｈα线显著变强。     

HIREFS谱仪在在类氖钛软X射线激光中的应用

介绍了掠入射高焦场ＨＩＲＥＦＳ谱仪的主要结构和性能，采用预脉冲实验技术，使用该谱仪对线聚焦条件下钛靶的轴向空间分辨谱进行了研究，得到了类氖钛３２．６ｎｍ软Ｘ射线激光强线的空间分布信息。     

高Z元素类镍离子谱研究

用ＰＥＴ平晶谱仪测量了Ｈｆ,Ｔａ，Ｗ和Ｒｅ激光等离子体发射波长范围为５－８?的软Ｘ射线谱，重点研究了其类镍离子谱线，精确测量和准确辨认出四种高Ｚ元素的３７条ｎ＝３－４的类镍离子共振跃迁线和内壳层跃迁线。整个测量范围内谱线精确波长值的绝对误差小于０．００５?．与ＭＣＤＦ方法和ＨＦＲ方法得到的理论计算结果比较，两者符合相当好。 关键词：     

软X射线晶体谱仪

描述了用于激光等离子体软Ｘ射线光谱学研究长波晶体谱仪。用具有大晶格常数的晶体，极薄的滤片和对软Ｘ射线灵敏的底片，获得了波长达５．８ｎｍ的激光等离子体软件Ｘ射线光谱。同时还给出了实验测定了谱仪光谱分辨率。     

基于光子筛的软X光谱仪

 介绍了采用新型软X光谱学光子筛作为分光元件的软X光谱仪的原理和结构参数设计。新谱仪理论测量范围为100 eV~2 keV,光谱分辨力达0.35 nm。应用该谱仪在SILEX-Ⅰ装置上测量了飞秒激光与固体铜靶相互作用产生的X射线发射谱。实验结果表明,该谱仪主要性能指标达到设计要求,适合于激光与等离子体相互作用产生的软X射线研究。     

双驱动x射线激光等离子体能谱特性研究

用时间积分空间分辨的平晶千电子伏谱仪测量了钽激光等离子体发射波长范围为045— 075nm的软x射线能谱，精确测量和准确辨认出类镍、类钴和类铁离子的共振线及类镍离子 的内壳层跃迁线-对实验结果处理，获得了辐射线谱的强度-通过谱线比率的诊断推断脉冲激 光时差对等离子体状态的影响，至少也可部分解释激光上能级的粒子数及等离子体的 电离程度- 关键词： 离子谱特性 软x线能谱强度 谱线辨认     

用于测量Z箍缩铝等离子体K层辐射的邻苯二甲酸氢铊弯晶摄谱仪

 基于邻苯二甲酸氢铊(TAP)弯晶和软X射线分幅相机建立了一套4通道的时空分辨弯晶摄谱仪,测谱范围1 500～2 300 eV,时间分辨约2 ns。分析了谱仪各环节的信号传递和转换过程对系统谱响应的影响。利用该谱仪在“强光一号”加速器(约1.5 MA, 80～100 ns)Al丝阵Z箍缩实验中获得了时间分辨及时间积分的Al等离子体K层辐射谱,记录到了类H、类He离子主要共振线及类Li、类He离子双电子复合伴线。将摄谱结果与分能区X射线图像进行了比较。时间分辨的发射谱相对强度与积分结果有明显不同,反映了等离子体在5～10 ns时间尺度上的电子温度和离子布居变化。     

用于激光等离子体实验的X光晶体谱仪

在激光等离子体实验中,用晶体谱仪可获得高温等离子体所发射的X光谱。本文介绍我们设计和使用的X光晶体谱仪的原理、结构及晶体衍射参数,谱仪的线色散率,谱线加宽和谱仪窗口等有关参数,并给出了摄谱的典型结果。     

激光等离子体谱线线型研究与谱线强度测量

在对激光等离子体中不同区域发射的Ｘ光光谱谱线的加宽机制（如Ｄｏｐｐｌｅｒ展宽、Ｓｔａｒｋ展宽等）及谱线线型研究的基础上，构造了不同的线型拟合函数。通过和实验谱线的数据拟合，可以精确测量等离子体发射的Ｘ射线光谱强度。和截断法相比，该方法的优点是可以方便地根据谱线的不同展宽机制将相应的线谱和背景连续谱以及邻近的线谱分开，从而达到精确测量线光谱强度的目的。该方法不但能够应用于激光等离子体发射的光谱，也可用于其它波段的线谱强度的精确测量。     

等电子法测量小能量激光打靶等离子体电子温度

以低Z的CHO薄膜作为样品靶，在星光激光装置上以小能量激光辐照样品靶产生温度较低的等离子体，采用每毫米2400线的平焦场光栅谱仪测量等离子体发射的碳和氧离子发射谱线强度比，并与理论计算相应线强比较，获得了电子温度，建立了等电子法测量较低温度(100eV左右)等离子体电子温度的诊断技术. 关键词： 电子温度 激光等离子体 等电子x射线谱法     

Structure of the XUV emitting regions in a laser produced plasma

The XUV spectra emitted by plasma produced by focusing a ruby laser on plane targets of carbon and beryllium have been observed with a novel stigmatic spectrograph fitted with a toroidal mirror. The observations have been made both side-on on the expanding plasma and end-on looking inside the crater. In the latter case the intensity emitted is very large and the lines broadened indication electron densities approacing the critical density at 2.2×10²¹ cm^-3. The relative intensity of resonance lines, free-bound and free-free continua and He-like and Li-like satellites has been determined. In particular the latter satellites appear to arise only from the region inside the crater.     

Plasma satellites in the presence of a non-coherent and unpolarized radiation field

Satellite lines produced by longitudinal electrostatic plasma waves in the presence of a non-coherent and unpolarized radiation field are investigated by perturbation theory expanded to fourth order. The results show that the Baranger and Mozer plasma satellites are shifted even in the zero radiation field limit, and that their strength can be enhanced by the radiation field.     

高离化类Ne铕离子的双电子伴线结构的理论研究

在对高离化态类Ne铕离子及其临近的类Na、类Mg离子的n=3→2跃迁的波长和强度详细计算的基础上，考虑了等离子体中单个谱线的展宽和谱线之间的重叠，得到了类Ne铕离子n=3→2的共振线及其类Na和类Mg离子双电子伴线的结构，并系统地分析了这些伴线对共振线波长和强度的影响.     

X-ray and vacuum-ultraviolet plasma spectroscopy with the use of new focusing multilayer structures

The spectra of a laser plasma in the soft x-ray (0.8–0.95 nm) and vacuum ultraviolet (3–4 nm) ranges are recorded with the use of new focusing multilayer structures. It is demonstrated that the electron temperature of the light-element plasma produced by a laser pulse with an energy of ～1 mJ can be measured by using the relative intensities of the satellites and the lines of ions with different charges.     

Simple models for wentzel-druyvesteyn satellite energies in soft X-ray emission spectra of molecules

Simple models for the energy displacement between Wentzel-Druyvesteyn satellites and main lines in soft X-ray emission spectra of molecules are presented. The models include effective hole-hole interaction parameters and are evaluated numerically for H₂O.     

线状镁激光等离子体电子密度的空间分辨测量

本文报道在ＬＦ１２激光装置线聚焦打靶情况下，利用ＭｇⅪ共振线和互组合线的强度比推得的激光等离子体电子密度的空间分布轮廓。将此结果和点聚焦打靶得到的结果比较发现二者区别不大。本文还讨论了电子复合伴线、光厚等因素对电子密度测量的影响。     

Spectral transitions from the Rydberg autoionization states of a Li-like Mg X ion

Satellite lines caused by radiative transitions from the Rydberg autoionization states of a Li-like Mg X ion in a plasma heated by radiation from a XeCl and a Nd laser are identified for the first time, and their wavelengths are measured precisely. Comparison of the experimental data with the atomic structures calculated by the method of relativistic perturbation theory shows that the accuracy of calculations of the energy of autoionization states is rather high even without the use of any semiempirical corrections and is of the order of 0.06%. The experimentally measured wavelengths can be used for a semiempirical estimate of the value of the leading order of perturbation theory among the orders that were neglected in calculations. It is shown that the simulation of the population kinetics of Rydberg autoionization states of Li-like ions in a dense plasma should take into account all possible channels of dielectronic capture, in particular, from the excited states of a He-like ion. The precision experimental wavelengths obtained for satellites of the He_ß and He_γ lines of the Mg XI ion make possible to use these satellites as reference lines in studies of complicated spectra of multielectron ions.     

Plasma diagnostic application of dielectronic satellites to the resonance line of Cr XXIII

We have measured the spectrum of plasma emission in the Frascati tokamak FT around the resonance line 1s2p → 1s² of the helium-like ion Cr XXIII. The presence of dielectronic satellites has been detected and their wavelengths determined. The intensity ratio of these satellites to the resonance line has been calculated from the corresponding lines in Fe XXV with a simple extrapolation. Good agreement with experimental points has been obtained in high electron density discharges. Line ratios systematically lower than the predicted values are obtained at low density and this has been related to the presence of a non-thermal population of electrons as indicated also by other diagnostics.     

Alkali rare-gas line profiles in a square-well potential approximation: Width,shift, and asymmetry

We have studied the profiles of spectral lines of alkalies perturbed by rare gases using the Anderson and Talman theory of line broadening with a square-well potential, chosen for its simplicity in order to understand the influence of potential parameters on the profiles. Although it is obvious that such a simple potential is not able to give an exact quantitative fit to the experimentally measured results, we have been able to give a complete and satisfactory explanation of the variations of width, shift and asymmetry with density by applying previously established results, for the case of well-resolved satellites, to the case of unresolved satellites often encountered experimentally.     

A 90° laser scattering experiment for measuring temperature and density of ions and electrons in a cold dense theta pinch plasma

In a 90° scattering experiment performed on a plasma with a density of some 10¹⁷cm^?3 and a temperature of some eV a scattering spectrum is expected which consists essentially of an intense central part and two very weak satellite peaks. In this investigation the spectrum of the central part (ion line) was resolved. From the ion line alone which was in good agreement with calculated spectra, the ion temperature, electron temperature and electron density were determined. At some plasma parameters only a few particles were included in the Debye volume. Also in these cases no deviations from calculated spectra have been observed. In addition the position and half-width of the satellites were measured. The position of the satellites yields an independent value of the electron density which agrees very well with that determined from the ion line. The half-width of the satellites was much broader than expected theoretically due to fluctuations of the electron density within the scattering volume. The measurement was performed on a theta pinch plasma. The energy of the condensor bank was 7.5 kJ, the voltage 18 kV. As a light source aQ-switch laser was used with a power of about 100 MW. Because of beam stops to prevent stray light only a fourth of the whole power reached the plasma.