月基极紫外相机反射镜组件的设计

为了使月基极紫外相机反射镜组件在月球环境下具有良好的力学和热学稳定性,从而保证相机的成像质量,本文针对月基极紫外相机所处的严酷的力学和温度条件,设计了一种满足月球环境的反射镜组件结构.通过对反射镜组件有限元模型的重力分析、热载荷分析、动态刚度分析以及结构强度分析,结果表明反射镜组件的一阶谐振频率达到354 Hz,在1 g重力作用和ΔT=50℃均匀温变作用下镜面综合面形误差RMS值分别达到3.62 nm和2.46 nm,满足反射镜面形要求.最后,通过静力学面形检测、力学试验、温度适应性试验及成像分辨率测试,结果显示反射镜镜面面形精度RMS值优于14 nm,反射镜组件的设计满足总体指标,验证了该方案的合理性.     

月基极紫外相机反射镜组件的设计

为了使月基极紫外相机反射镜组件在月球环境下具有良好的力学和热学稳定性,从而保证相机的成像质量,本文针对月基极紫外相机所处的严酷的力学和温度条件,设计了一种满足月球环境的反射镜组件结构.通过对反射镜组件有限元模型的重力分析、热载荷分析、动态刚度分析以及结构强度分析,结果表明反射镜组件的一阶谐振频率达到354 Hz,在1 g重力作用和△T=50℃均匀温变作用下镜面综合面形误差RMS值分别达到3.62 nm和2.46 nm,满足反射镜面形要求.最后,通过静力学面形检测、力学试验、温度适应性试验及成像分辨率测试,结果显示反射镜镜面面形精度RMS值优于14 nm,反射镜组件的设计满足总体指标,验证了该方案的合理性.     

超轻量化碳化硅扫描反射镜组件设计

为实现(165mm×96mm)矩形扫描反射镜组件的轻量化并保证反射镜面形精度与组件支撑刚度,提出了一种锥套柔节一体化的背部支撑方法,实现了重量小于0.5kg的超轻量化碳化硅反射镜组件设计。镜体材料的选择为碳化硅,支撑结构材料选择了铟钢。通过有限元仿真对扫描反射镜组件进行了仿真分析,并采用ZYGO干涉仪对实际的反射镜组件进行了检测。实验表明,在各方向重力的工况和轴系驱动时的扭矩作用下,扫描反射镜面形误差的均方根值(RMS)最大值为9.705nm,实际测试结果为10.125nm,误差为4%,满足RMS值优于12.6nm的要求;组件一阶固有频率302.25Hz,满足刚度要求。研究结果表明,锥套柔节一体化背部支撑方法合理、有效,解决了结构超轻量化与结构刚度、光学面形精度难以同时保证的难题。     

指向可变平面反射镜支撑方法研究

为了适应大口径、大视场的离轴光学系统结构的特殊性,要求装调过程中平面反射镜口径足够大且必须有大角度俯仰偏转的工作状态。介绍了直径为760mm的指向可变平面反射镜微晶玻璃材料的选取,探讨了反射镜的几种支撑方式,针对两种不同的柔性支撑方式通过CAD/CAE工程分析软件来对比,确定了一种有效的支撑方式,即采用中心定位和18点背部支撑的复合式支撑结构,有效地克服了重力和温度对镜面变形的影响。     

超薄反射镜支撑技术

运用有限元方法对一种超薄反射镜的多个支撑方案进行分析计算,其中包括支撑点数量及排布方式的合理选择、支撑组件的优化设计。分析结果表明:该超薄反射镜在自重下的面形精度通过多点调节能够满足要求,预示了将该支撑技术应用于超薄反射镜具有可行性,并为超薄反射镜结构在面形控制实验中实施主动调节提供了数值依据。     

长条型SiC反射镜轻量化及支撑结构的设计

从满足空间光学遥感器反射镜在复杂工况下综合面形误差要求的角度出发,介绍了长条型反射镜柔性支撑结构材料的选择,讨论了反射镜轻量化及柔性支撑结构的设计方法,采用有限元法进行了工程分析及多次迭代优化,设计出了一种在不同重力方向下引入面形误差变化量RMS值小于λ/40(λ=632.8nm)的反射镜柔性支撑结构。检测实验证明,各项指标均满足设计要求。     

小型反射镜支撑方案的设计与分析

从满足空间小型光学遥感器反射镜在复杂的工况下综合面形误差要求的角度出发,介绍了长圆形小型反射镜及其支撑结构材料的选择,讨论了反射镜柔性支撑结构的设计方法,运用CAD/CAE工程分析软件对其进行了分析和优化,应用有限元法优化出了一种合理的反射镜柔性支撑结构。经过动力学试验验证,证明了该结构具有足够的动态特性。     

宽温变环境的空间反射镜结构分析与研究

相机在从地面到太空的过程中,需要经历重力、温度、气压、辐射等多种环境因素的变化,而这些因素都可能导致空间相机分辨率下降、像质变坏、功能失效甚至系统破坏。所描述的系统工作于18±15℃的温度环境,要求光学反射镜在30℃温度变化范围内仍能正常成像。经优化设计,应用计算机仿真手段进行了静、动态及热特性的分析,提出了一种采用中心粘接结合Bipod柔性支撑形式,解决了在大跨度环境温度范围下的反射镜结构支撑问题。     

一种小型空间反射镜支撑结构的设计与分析

为了确保成像质量,空间光学遥感器反射镜既要满足在重力和温度耦合的复杂工况下面形误差的要求,同时还应具有良好的动态特性.设计了一种圆形小型反射镜,并类比反射镜径向挠性安装原理设计其柔性支撑结构.采用CAE有限元分析软件对该反射镜的柔性支撑结构的参数进行了优化,最终确定了一种合理的柔性支撑结构.经过分析计算,该柔性支撑结构...     

1.8 m空间长条反射镜柔性支撑技术研究

1.8 m×0.5 m口径的长条形主反射镜是某空间离轴三反光学系统的重要光学元件,其面形精度的好坏是决定光学系统在轨成像质量的关键。为保证主镜组件结构的稳定性、可靠性及反射镜的面形精度,提出一种适用于大尺寸长条形反射镜的双轴柔性支撑结构。首先,基于运动学等效原理提出双轴柔性支撑的初始结构,建立了柔性环节刚度数学模型并研究了其刚度特性。然后,对柔性支撑的安装位置进行了参数化研究并对柔性支撑的关键尺寸进行了优化设计。最后,确定了反射镜组件的最终设计方案。仿真与试验结果表明,反射镜组件一阶固有频率为104 Hz。X/Y两个光轴分别对径向施加1 G重力时面形精度RMS值分别为4.81 nm、6.09 nm,优于λ/50（λ=632.8 nm）,均满足设计要求。组件正样动力学环境试验表明,反射镜组件的动力学特性良好,柔性支撑系统稳定可靠,与仿真结果一致。目前反射镜全口径面形精度已加工至λ/30 RMS,并在此精度下进行了自重0°/180°的±1 G面形检测试验,结果显示其稳定性良好。     

Analysis of a right-angle conical reflector resonator by the transfer matrix method

A resonator with a right-angle conical reflector has been proposed to produce high-power CO₂ laser beams. To analyze eigenfields of the right-angle conical reflector resonator, this paper adopts and demonstrates the transfer matrix method. In this paper, the mode-fields and corresponding losses are described as eigenvectors and eigenvalues of a transfer matrix according to the self-reproducing principle of laser field. By solving the transfer matrix for eigenvectors and eigenvalues, we obtain field distributions and losses of the dominant eigenmodes. The calculation results reveal that the right-angle conical reflector resonator could be used for a high-power CO₂ laser to achieve low-order modes. However, the beam quality is reduced due to the residual blind-hole, which is in accord with the experimental result.     

Optimization, bandwidth and the effect of loss on the characteristics of the coupled ring reflector

Reflection and group delay characteristics of the coupled ring reflector (CRR), consisting of two identical microrings coupled to each other and to a bus waveguide providing feedback, is analytically and numerically investigated under loss-free and lossy conditions and subject to arbitrary (asymmetric) positioning of the couplers. Allowing for a variable coupling strength, the spectral locations where the extreme values of the reflectivity occur as well as its bandwidth are determined and their sensitivity to loss evaluated. Critical coupling conditions that determine the shape and the turning points of the reflectance spectrum, and their sensitivity to loss are obtained. Attention is paid to the bandwidth maximization satisfying a prescribed ripple tolerance within the passband. Group delay in the presence of loss and circuit parameter variations is also treated.     

带有反射腔的双频相对论返波管的粒子模拟

设计了一种带有反射腔的能在X波段实现稳定双频输出的圆柱结构相对论返波管,采用2.5维相对论全电磁PIC粒子模拟软件行粒子模拟研究。仿真结果表明:在输入电压433 kV、引导磁场2.2 T的条件下,实现了9.53,10.09 GHz的双频稳定输出,平均输出功率340 MW,平均功率效率24.1%。     

带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟

阐述了带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟研究。利用线性理论[1]设计了返波管的慢波结构,应用SUPERFISH软件设计了谐振反射器。用KARAT软件对谐振反射腔返波管进行了宏观粒子模拟,得到了优化的返波管结构参数,并研究了外加磁场对输出效率的影响。模拟结果表明：谐振反射腔不仅起到截止颈的作用,还有预调制的作用;在低外加磁场条件下,该返波管也能输出较高功率的微波。显示了其在重复频率工作方面的重要意义。     

带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟

 阐述了带有反射腔的相对论返波管的数值模拟研究。利用线性理论[1]设计了返波管的慢波结构，应用SUPERFISH软件设计了谐振反射器。用KARAT软件对谐振反射腔返波管进行了宏观粒子模拟，得到了优化的返波管结构参数，并研究了外加磁场对输出效率的影响。模拟结果表明：谐振反射腔不仅起到截止颈的作用，还有预调制的作用；在低外加磁场条件下，该返波管也能输出较高功率的微波。显示了其在重复频率工作方面的重要意义。     

分幅变像管动态空间分辨率的标定

为了提高激光惯性约束聚变实验二维成像诊断的精密化程度, 提出了分幅变像管动态空间分辨率的标定方法. 标定原理是以直边函数为物, 经光学系统成像后求解系统的调制传递函数, 从而获得系统的空间分辨率. 在神光Ⅱ装置上利用八路激光打靶产生1-3.5 keV能区的连续X 射线标定源, 照射高Z刀边材料, 并成像到分幅变像管阴极上, 分幅变像管采用脉冲选通工作模式获得动态像. 对分幅变像管采集的动态图像进行处理得到系统的调制传递函数. 根据调制传递函数为0.1时对应的空间截止频率, 得到系统的空间分辨率为20 lp/mm. 根据分幅变像管的动态空间分辨理论, 计算系统的极限空间分辨率为22.8 lp/mm. 标定结果略低于极限空间分辨率, 与理论基本吻合. 根据传统标定方法得到该分幅变像管的静态空间分辨率为22 lp/mm, 比动态空间分辨率略高. 在二维成像诊断时, 分幅变像管工作于动态选通模式, 故动态空间分辨率的标定结果更能真实地反映其成像诊断能力.     

Effect of acoustical damping with a porous absorptive layer in the cavity to reduce the structure-borne sound radiation from a double-leaf structure

Structure-borne sound radiation from a double-leaf structure with a porous absorptive layer in the cavity is studied theoretically as well as experimentally. The study is for establishing a countermeasure to reduce the structure-borne noise radiated from an interior leaf into rooms and for clarifying its reduction effect. The sound field radiated from a double-leaf elastic plate with layers of arbitrary media in the cavity set into vibration by a point force excitation is theoretically analyzed. The effect of the bulk vibration of an absorptive layer is also considered by a simple model into the present theory. Radiation reduction of an inner-layer derived from the theory is experimentally validated. Parametric studies reveal that increasing the ratio of an absorptive layer thickness to the cavity depth is effective to reduce the structure-borne sound radiation but high flow resistivity of the absorbent material is not necessarily required. A practical equation to predict the mass-air-mass resonance frequency for absorbent cavity case is given in a simple form.     

Stability of a linear oscillator with damping force of the fractional-order derivative

It begins with the study of damping representation of a linear vibration system of single degree of freedom (SDOF),from the view point of fractional calculus. By using the idea of stability switch,it shows that the linear term involving the fractional-order derivative of an order between 0 and 2 always acts as a damping force,so that the unique equilibrium is asymp-totically stable. Further,based on the idea of stability switch again,the paper proposes a scheme for determining the stable gain region of a li...     

Study on the imaging characteristics of far-field superlens

The optical transfer function of the far-field superlens imaging system is established in this thesis to make it easy to describe the corresponding relation between the far-field angular spectrum and the near-field object superresolution information. We utilized the established optical transfer function to make detailed research on the imaging characteristics of the far-field superresolution, also reconstruct the near-field nano-information through the far-field angular spectrum, which proves that the resolution of the far-field superlens with structure coupled with metal grating can reach 50 nm, and provides a helpful reference for the study of the new optical microscope imaging of superresolution.     

Improving the sharpness of an image with non-uniform illumination

We demonstrate a new method to sharpen a non-uniformly illuminated image by use of wavelet transformation employing Harr function. Both the fine characteristics and object edges in the image are well enhanced without degrading the contrast. This method provides some superiority compared to the conventional algorithms.