分子团簇的量子化学研究

采用Hartree-Fock方法、密度泛函(DFT)方法(BLYP、B3LYP)和MP2方法对Se4分子团簇的各种可能构型进行了结构优化和频率分析, 结果表明有5种构型是势能面上的稳定驻点, 同时对上述4种量子化学方法计算结果的差异进行了分析。并对这5种构型的结构稳定性、几何构型、前线分子轨道、Mulliken布局分析和偶极矩进行了分析, 根据分析结果对Se4分子的某些物理和化学性质进行了预测。     

Mo2C8簇的量子化学研究

用量子化学从头计算方法，研究了Ｍｏ２Ｃ８簇各种异构体的几何构型和电子结构。所得最稳定结构具有Ｃ２ｈ对称性，其中两个Ｍｏ原子直接相连且每个Ｍｏ还原与４个Ｃ原子相连。计算结果能较好地解释实验事实。     

金属羰基簇合物对二茂铁间电荷传递的阻断和增强

本文通过三种二茂铁基金属羰基簇合物的循环伏安特性,研究了金属羰基簇合物对二茂铁间电荷传递的影响.其中钴羰基簇合物对二茂铁间的电荷传递有阻断作用,而锇羰基簇对二茂铁基的电荷传递有增强作用。研究表明羰基簇与共轭炔桥的配位形式决定增强和阻断的根本原因。     

平面五元水分子簇的量子化学研究

选用Gaussian03的B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)、DMol3的BLYP/DNP和deMon的BLYP/TZVP等方法计算了甲烷水合物(结构-1)中平面五元水分子簇的结合能和氢键能,作了基组重叠误差(BSSE)和色散能(dispersion)的修正,估算了次级相互作用的贡献.在DMol3程序中使用了大型数值基组DNP,将基组重叠误差降至最低.在Gaussi-an03的B3LYP/6-31G(d,p)计算中,采用平衡法(Counterpoise)校正基组重叠误差.两种计算方法给出了一致的结果,证实了在使用6-31G(d,p)基组时,一对水分子在平衡距离的基组重叠误差高达8 kJ/mol.为估算色散能的贡献,使用了新近发展的包含色散能的密度泛函的DFT程序deMon计算了五元水分子簇.用多种方法计算出了经基组重叠误差和色散能修正的五元水分子簇的分子间结合能和氢键能的较为精确的势能超曲面,为甲烷和其他气体水合物的分子动力学模拟提供了依据.     

金属氧化物表面化学吸附和反应的量子化学簇模型方法研究

综述了本研究小组利用量子化学簇模型方法研究金属氧化物表面化学吸附和反应的工作.提出了选簇的三个原则,即电中性原则、化学配比原则和配位原则.发现在符合前两个原则的基础上,一个具有最饱和配位、或最少悬空键的簇往往是一个用于化学吸附研究的好的簇模型.与此同时,探讨了如何恰当地考虑大块固体本底的长程影响,提出了用球电荷模拟簇模型的环境、环境与簇体进行电荷自洽的SPC簇模型方法.利用该模型研究了一系列具有催化背景的重要体系,包括H2/ZnO、O/MgO、NO/MgO、N2O/MgO、N2O/Li/MgO、CO/MgO、CO/NiO等.     

HcnS^—与HSC^—n簇离子的量子化学从头计算

应用量子化学从头计算能量解析梯度法，以ＨＦ６／３１Ｇ为基组优化了ＨＣｎＳ＾－与ＨＳＣ＾－ｎ（ｎ＝１～９）同分异构团簇离子的几何结构，计算了它们的电子总能量，结果显示ＨＣｎＳ＾－比相应的ＨＳＣ＾－ｎ稳定，从相邻簇离子的能量差及簇离子的平均原子结构能可知ｎ为偶数的ＨＣｎＳ＾－与ＨＳＣｎ＾－较ｎ为奇数的簇离子稳定，能量的差异随着ｎ的增加而逐渐减小，计算和实验结果完全相符，还分别计算了ＨＣｎＳ＾－失去Ｈ，     

CO_xM_(4—x)异金属四面体簇羰基化合物的量子化学研究

本文对十个CO_xM_(4-x)异金属四面体簇合物体系进行了量化计算(DV-X_a方法)。结果表明:CO_xM_(4-x)异金属簇与Co_4四面体簇化学键相似,但其他金属(M)的引入,使四面体簇价带收缩,Co的3d能级展宽,体系费米能级升高。在Co与Fe、Ru等ⅦB族元素形成的双金属簇中,Co在簇中所占比例愈大,贡献的电荷就愈多;而在Co与Mo、W等ⅥB族元素形成的四面体簇中,Mo、W为电荷主要提供者。     

化学键的量子化学研究

利用量子化学方法计算N2O4分子的结构、N-N键键级及键鞍点处的电荷密度,形象直观的说明了N2O4分子中N-N键键长较长的原因.     

金属上化学吸附的簇模型量子化学研究

簇模型方法是研究化学吸附的最重要的量子化学方法之一。本文对‘簇──表面类比法’的物理内涵、研究现状、以及发展趋势作了简要的评述。     

五羰基合铁分子化学键特性的研究

We have found from experimental data that, in the iron pentacarbonyl molecule, the length of Fe-C bond in axial is shorter than that in planar, but the bond is weaker; the bond distances of C-O of both planar and axial are equal, while the bond strengths are different. This is against the traditional view of “the shorter the bond is, the stronger the bond will be”. We have got through calculation and research, that the main cause of such difference is that the effects of the backdonor of Fe atom′s electrons to C-O bonds in axial and planar are different. The shorter the Fe-C bond is, the more effective the backdonor (or transfer) of electrons is. So that the population between Fe and C in axial are less than those in planar, so the bond is weaker, and the C-O bonds have gained more backdonor electrons than those in planar, thus the bond is stronger.     

二苯醚两端苯环取向的量子化学研究

二苯醚两端苯环取向的量子化学研究＊叶世勇沈良骏（安徽师范大学化学系芜湖２４１０００）关键词二苯醚构象半经验量子化学方法主链含苯环的聚合物内苯环相对于主链角架面的取向与聚合物的某些力学性质如γ－松弛等直接有关。二苯醚是研究这类聚合物的一种有用的模型分子...     

取代基对α-氨基乙腈热解反应影响的研究

用MINDO/3方法洋细研究了取代基对α-氨基乙腈热消除反应的影响. 研究表明, 对于孤立分子的气相反应, 给电子基使活化势垒降低, 吸电子基使活化势垒上升; 而对OH~-催化下的反应, 给电子基和吸电子基均使活化势垒上升.     

STUDIES ON SYNTHESES OF MoFe_3S_4 CUBANE-LIKE CLUSTER COMPOUNDS

The features of synthetic processes are described on the basis of the studies of the syntheses of MoFe_3S_4 cubane-like cluster compounds either by self-assembly reactions or by the conversion of linear clusters. The redox properties and the structure of ligands as well as the stoichiometry of reactants have obvious effects upon the core oxidation state and the structure of products. It is indicated that the self-assembly reaction may pass through a combination process oflinear cluster intermediates having structural unit (M,M'=Mo) Fe).     

阴离子对邻甲基苯胺化学聚合的影响

苯胺在酸性溶液中经化学和电化学氧化所得聚合物有良好的导电性和很高的稳定性。由于导电高聚物的不溶和不熔,使许多研究工作难以深入,实际应用也受到限制,在导电高聚物方面存在的这些实际问题促使了对可溶性导电高聚物合成的研究。通过化学法合成可溶性聚(o-,m-)甲苯胺的研究结果表明,甲基在苯环上的位置对聚苯胺衍生物的电导率、溶解性等都有较明显的影响。最近,通过电化学聚合合成了聚邻甲基苯胺。     

SURFACE ENHANCED RAMAN SCATTERING EFFECT OF SEMIQUINONEDIIMINE OF CD-2 ADSORBED ON SILVER CLUSTER

The development process is very compicated. The detailed mechanism of color development is not very clear. In the present work, the interaction of the color developer and the silver sol was studied by absorption spectroscopy, normal Raman and surface enhanced Raman spectroscopy.     

QUANTUM CHEMICAL STUDIES ON THE ELECTROPHILIC ADDITIONS OF HALOGENS TO ETHYLENE AND SUBSTITUTED ETHYLENES

The various intermediates of electrcphilic addition of F,Cl to ethylene,propene,fluoroethylene were optimized by MNDO method with energy gradient technique.The most stable configurations were obtained.The substituted ethylenes tended to form the open intermediates more easily than ethylene,but Cl+as a reagent,tended to form the cyclic intermediate more easily than F+.The interaction energies △E of the above three compounds with F as electrophile were studied further with ab initio method and △E were decomposed into their components by Morokuma's energy decomposition scheme.In these reactions,it was found that charge transfer is the most important interaction,while electrostatic interaction is the next.The effects of the substituting groups are also discussed.     

ELECTROREDUCTION MECHANISM OF Ni(DMG)-2 COMPLEX STUDIED WITH QUANTUM CHEMICAL METHOD

The electronic structures of the species Ni(DMG)_2, (Ni(DMG)_2)~- and (Ni(DMG)_2)_(2-) have been studied by INDO quantum chemical method. The results have clearly shown that in the first stage of the electroreduction of Ni(DMG)_2, one electron interacts with the d orbitals on the nickel atom, while in the further stage the second electron interacts with the p orbitals on the nitrogen atoms. It conforms with our electrochemical experimental studies which showed that not only Ni(Ⅱ) is reduced but also DMG is catalytically reduced during the reduction of Ni(DMG)_2.     

溴化银晶体(110)表面上银原子簇的理论研究

本文采用量子化学半经验分子轨道法(CNDO方案),选取了三个晶面层数不同的AgBr晶体模型,对在这些晶体模型(110)表面上的银原子簇Ag_n(n=1,2,3,4)的电子结构及性质以及潜影机理作了量子化学研究。计算结果表明,晶体对银原子簇的性质有很大的影响,Ag₃和Ag₄优先取竖立晶面的结构。并且从Ag₃起,银原子簇的电荷分布成为上正下负的极性体。本文认为,这种极性是潜影的一个重要性质。Ag₃的热稳定性最强,又是银原子簇产生极性的转折点,故Ag₃是形成潜影的最小银原子簇。计算表明,银原子簇的增长是离子步骤先于电子步骤。