A simple model of non-linear beam-plasma interaction

A microscopic Lagrangian and Hamiltonian is derived for the waves on a beam-plasma system with the reaction of the waves on the background self-consistently taken into account. Numerical integration of the corresponding canonical equations confirms that even a model of only several degrees of freedom suffices to describe the basic non-linear phenomena of beam-plasma interaction.     

Self-consistent generation of superthermal electrons by beam-plasma interaction

It has been known since the early days of plasma physics research that superthermal electrons are generated during beam-plasma laboratory experiments. Superthermal electrons (the kappa distribution) are also ubiquitously observed in space. To explain such a feature, various particle acceleration mechanisms have been proposed. However, self-consistent acceleration of electrons in the context of plasma kinetic theory has not been demonstrated to date. This Letter reports such a demonstration. It is shown that the collisionality, defined via the "plasma parameter" g=1/n(lambda(D)(3), plays a pivotal role. It is found that a small but moderately finite value of is necessary for the superthermal tail to be generated, implying that purely collisionless (g=0) Vlasov theory cannot produce a superthermal population.     

On the influence of the trapping of particles on the beam-plasma interaction

Interaction of the trapped beam particles with spectrum is discussed in the paper. In models of particles in two waves and in a spectrum (with given amplitudes) we discuss partly well trapped particles (in the region of harmonic oscillations), partly weakly trapped particles near the separatrix; further, we discuss the range of resonances, the transport of energy and a possibility of transition of the trapped beam into the quasiergodic state. For the case of a discrete spectrum, conditions for the beam diffusion are given and, within the framework of system with mixing, conditions for existence of hf field-beam particles balance are discussed.Nademlýnská 600, Praha 9, Czechoslovakia.     

Nonlinear theory of resonant beam-plasma interaction: Nonrelativistic case

Analytic and numerical methods are used to study the nonlinear dynamics of the resonant interaction between a dense nonrelativistic electron beam and a plasma in a spatially bounded system. Regimes such as collective (Raman) and single-particle (Thomson) Cherenkov effects are considered. It is shown that in the first case, the motion of both the beam and plasma electrons exhibits significant nonlinearities. However, because of the weak coupling between the beam and the plasma, the nonlinear dynamics of the instability can be studied analytically and it can be strictly shown that saturation of instability is caused by a nonlinear shift of the radiation frequency and loss of resonance. In the second case, the nonlinear instability dynamics can only be studied numerically. In this regime, at low beam densities significant nonlinearity is only observed in the motion of the beam electrons while the plasma remains linear and saturation of the instability is caused by trapping of beam electrons in the field of the beam-excited plasma wave.     

Quenching of the plasma oscillation in the counter stream type beam-plasma interaction

It is shown experimentally that uenching by an external wave of a natural oscillation in the electron beam-plasma interaction of counter stream type occurs at discrete frequencies resonantly, where the velocity distribution function of beam electrons does not change substantially.     

Simulation of the ion beam-plasma interaction processes for point-like ions in doped DT plasmas

The purpose of this work is to study the interaction between an ion beam and a doped deuterium-tritium (DT) plasma in a fast ignition nuclear fusion context. In order to analyze the influence of the dopants in the interaction process, we present a physical model to carry out spatial-temporal simulations of the stopping of an ion beam interacting with a doped plasma target, the plasma heating processes, and the formation of the ignition regions. We perform a set of numerical experiments where different concentrations of dopants are added to a fully ionized DT plasma. These simulations allow us to characterize the increase in the stopping power and the maximum temperatures achieved with the presence of impurities, as well as the reduction of the heated and ignition regions. This reduction in the ignition region indicates difficulties for the formation of an efficient hot spot when there are dopants in the DT plasma.     

Features of relativistic electron beam-plasma interaction under high beam current

The specific features of the beam-plasma instability in waveguide under very high beam current are shown analytically. The differences (as compared to conventional case of beam-plasma instability under low beam current) are due to change of physical mechanisms of beam-plasma interaction.     

Effect of beam-plasma interaction on ion transport through a cyclotron injector

The influence of collective effects associated with transverse plasma oscillations excited by a beam of negative ions on the neutralization of the space charge due to fast ions is studied. Conditions for the dynamic deneutralization of an unstable ion beam are refined. Analytic expressions for the plasma ion density distribution and for the stationary electric field in a partially neutralized beam are obtained. The equation of motion of a beam in the self-electric field and in an external magnetic field is used to determine the effect of secondary charged particles on the transport of negative ions through the injector of a cyclotron.     

Rotating relativistic electron beam-plasma interaction and formation of a field-reversed configuration

Experimental results on interaction of a rotating relativistic electron beam with plasma and neutral gas are presented. The rotating relativistic electron beam has been propagated up to a distance of 150 cm in a plasma. The response of the plasma to the rotating electron beam is found to be of magnetic diffusion type over a plasma density range 10¹¹–10¹³ cm⁻³. Excitation of the axial and azimuthal return currents by the rotating beam and subsequent trapping of the azimuthal return current layer by the magnetic mirror field are observed. A field-reversed configuration has been formed by the rotating relativistic electron beam when injected into neutral hydrogen gas. We have observed field reversal up to three times the initial field in an axial length of 100 cm.     

Saturation of the relavistic beam-plasma instability for arbitrary density ratios

The nonlinear saturation level W_s of the one-dimensional beam-plasma instability was calculated as a function of beam energy γ₀ for all values of beam/plasma density ratio η. For η ? 0.01, W_sdecreases with increasing γ₀.     

Dynamical suppression of the spin-orbit interaction in hadrons

A spin-dependent interaction in hadrons is considered in the approach of the QCD string. The string moment of inertia, which ensures the correct (inverse) Regge slope 2πσ, is found to suppress the spin-orbit interaction. For light quarks and moderate angular momenta, the suppression constitutes around 25%, whereas for large angular momenta the spin-orbit interaction is suppressed by the factor L ^−2/5. For heavy quarks, the effect manifests itself as a string correction for the spin-dependent potential. The text was submitted by the authors in English.     

Phase interaction of short vector solitons

An interaction of vector solitons in the frame of coupled third-order nonlinear Schrödinger equations taking into account third-order linear dispersion, nonlinear dispersion, and cross-phase modulation terms is considered. Phase nature of the solitons? interaction is shown. In particular, dependence of solitons? trajectories on initial distance between solitons is shown. Conditions of reflection and propagation of solitons through each other are obtained.     

Raman generated synchronous short optical pulses for laser-matter interaction diagnostics

Forward and backward stimulated raman scattering (SRS) emitted under 532 nm, 75 ps pulse excitation is amplified by a travelling-wave dye amplifier. Temporal behaviour of the emissions is investigated with a streak camera. The backward raman-strokes emission of ethanol at 633 nm (linewidth 0.15 nm) produces pulses as short as 15 ps. With a rhodamine 640 amplifier, peak power reaches 10 MW under 50 MW excitation.     

The role of the electrostatic interaction in shifting the vibrational frequencies for two adsorbed molecules

We use a simple model to compute the shift of the vibrational frequencies of two adsorbed molecules as a function of inter-molecular distance, and various molecular and metal parameters. We assume that the atoms posses static and dynamic charges and the molecule has an electronic polarizability. The chemical bonds are described by Morse potentials. The electrostatic interactions are computed by a density functional method. We conclude that the use of vibrating point dipoles and of the image theorem in such calculations is an oversimplification.