纤维光学 光纤器件

TN2532006054334一种新型光纤准直器的研究=Study on a newtype of fibercolli mator[刊,中]/杨群(安徽大学安徽省信息材料与器件重点实验室.安徽,合肥(230039)),易佑民…//安徽大学学报(自然科学版).—2006,30(2).—59-63研究用球对称梯度折射率微球透镜制作光纤耦合用准直器的可能。通过理论计算证明了在适当的技术参数下,用球对称梯度折射率微球透镜制作的光纤准直器有望达到较高的耦合效率;试用实验室制备的梯度折射率聚合物微球透镜制作了这种新型准直器,测试了它的光学性能。图5表4参6(杨妹清)TN2532006054335光纤传感器的分类及其…     

掺镱锂硅酸盐玻璃的光谱及离子交换特性分析

采用高温二次化料的方法制备一种多梯度折射率芯光纤所用掺镱锂硅酸盐玻璃,测量了玻璃样品的吸收光谱、荧光光谱和荧光寿命,利用McCumber理论计算了该玻璃系统中镱离子的2F5/2→2I7/2能级跃迁受激发射截面。研究表明锂硅酸盐玻璃中Yb3+在1006nm处的σemi为0.38×10-20 cm2,荧光有效线宽为82.4nm,荧光寿命为1.31ms。在530℃高温硝酸钠熔盐中,对玻璃Li+-Na+离子交换到达中心轴前后制作的梯度折射率透镜的成像和折射率分布特性进行了研究。光谱分析和离子交换实验结果表明,该玻璃是制作梯度折射率光纤的理想材料,可用于多梯度折射率芯光纤的制作,是大模场光纤的候选材料。     

球端面梯折透镜最佳耦合条件的探讨

本文就利用球端面梯折（梯度折射率）透镜进行半导体激光器和光纤耦合问题进行了探讨，给出了最佳耦合的条件。     

聚焦法测量梯度折射率透镜的折射率分布

本文针对梯度折射率分布的透镜(以后简称梯析透镜)与光纤在折射率分布上的不同点,对用于光纤及其预制棒测量的聚焦法的原理公式,计算测量方法等进行了重要改进,从而使聚焦法可适用于梯折透镜的测量.本文通过计算机模拟计算,对原理公式及计算方法的准确性和可靠性进行了验证,并同时给出了这一测量方法的精度,最后给出了测量实例及其比较结果.     

梯度折射率球透镜的制备及其光线轨迹测试

自麦克斯韦鱼眼透镜理论模型提出后,长期以来学术界一直以为它只是一种绝对光学仪器,在实践中并没有应用的可能。但通过对麦克斯韦鱼眼微球透镜的理论研究表明,在一定条件下,它具有良好的成像性能和耦合效率。根据菲克定律推导出梯度折射率球透镜的折射率分布函数。并且熔制了含Li+硅酸盐玻璃和采用槽沉法以及Na+/Li+离子交换法制备直径为0.3—3.0mm的梯度折射率球透镜。通过干涉法测得了梯度折射率球透镜的折射率分布曲线,并研究了光线通过梯度折射率球透镜的轨迹。研究结果表明:在590℃,离子扩散系数为3.07×10-6mm2/s;所制备的梯度折射率球透镜的折射率分布是抛物线分布,并且和理论分析相吻合;梯度折射率球透镜的光线轨迹满足椭圆方程。     

基于光纤旋转连接器的光纤耦合效率研究

基于渐变折射率透镜准直器一定程度上可以提高空间光-光纤耦合效率,但会引入光纤与渐变折射率透镜装配误差和渐变折射率透镜间位置误差。鉴于以上两种误差情况,本文提出了修正光纤与渐变折射率透镜装配误差的位移法和基于楔形棱镜和平板玻璃的光束指向调整法。首先运用光线传输矩阵的数学分析方法建立了光线传输模型,分析当光纤与渐变折射率透镜存在距离误差和位置误差下耦合效率的变化,最后利用位移法降低了距离误差对插入损耗的影响,使系统插入损耗降低至0.2 dB。在存在位置误差下利用光束指向调整法降低插入损耗至0.7 dB。这两种方法可以有效提升光纤旋转连接器耦合效率。     

梯度型聚合物通信光纤制备的理论分析

对直接挤出法制备梯度型聚合物光纤的工艺流程进行了分析,根据双组分混合物折射率计算理论和梯度型聚合物光纤径向折射率分布函数,计算了梯度型聚合物光纤单位长度中所含掺杂剂的质量;将非稳态扩散理论和有限差分法结合起来,对梯度型聚合物光纤折射率分布的形成进行了理论研究,建立了数学物理模型,得到描述梯度型聚合物光纤径向折射率形成的普遍性近似方法.     

球面端面的锥形梯度折射率透镜的近轴成像特性

本文根据光线在球面上的折射公式及光线微分方程,研究了光线经两端面为球面的锥形梯度折射率透镜的传播和变换,基于光线传递ABCD矩阵,提出了球面端面的锥形梯度折射率透镜的一种等效光学系统.文中给出了该透镜的主平面、焦平面和焦距计算公式,以及近轴成像高斯公式.当锥度为零时即得到球面端面的柱形或径向梯度折射率透镜的相应结果.     

梯度型聚合物通信光纤制备的理论分析

对直接挤出法制备梯度型聚合物光纤的工艺流程进行了分析,根据双组分混合物折射率计算理论和梯度型聚合物光纤径向折射率分布函数,计算了梯度型聚合物光纤单位长度中所含掺杂剂的质量;将非稳态扩散理论和有限差分法结合起来,对梯度型聚合物光纤折射率分布的形成进行了理论研究,建立了数学物理模型,得到描述梯度型聚合物光纤径向折射率形成的普遍性近似方法.     

平行光束反射光强调制型光纤位移传感器研究

讨论并建立了一种基于平行光束发射光强调制的光纤位移传感器，该传感器的入射和接收光纤的端部都用渐变折射率光纤（GRIN）制成的透镜耦合，入射光纤的渐变折射率光纤透镜发出的平行光束以一定入射角照射到试件表面，接收渐变折射率光纤透镜放置在入射光的镜面反射方向，详细分析了试件表面为镜面反射和朗伯反射时传感器的输出特性，由仿真计算可知，通过调整测头的结构参量，该传感器可获得较强的输出信号，适用于对测量范围和工作点有灵活要求的场合。     

Guided-Wave Two-Dimensional Acousto-Optic Scanner Using Proton-Exchanged Lithium Niobate Waveguide

Two-dimensional scanning of a 0.6328 mum guided-light beam has been realized using noncolinear acousto-optic (AO) coplanar Bragg diffraction together with colinear AO guided-mode to substrate radiation-mode conversion in a Z-cut Xpropagation LiNbO3 proton-exchanged (PE) waveguide. The two surface acoustic (SAW) waves utilized are at the center frequencies of 500 and 200 MHz, propagating in the Y and X axes, respectively. Two-dimensional scanning of approximately 720 resolvable light beam spots, namely, 18 40 (horizontal vertical) scanning, has been demonstrated using a light beam of 1.0 mm aperture. The total number of resolvable beam spots can be greatly increased from 720 by simply utilizing SAW transducers of larger bandwidth and a light beam of greater aperture. It should also be possible to significantly increase the diffraction efficiency from 3 % by optimizing the parameters of the PE waveguide and the SAWs.     

Effect ofγ-radiation on the spectral luminescence characteristics of impure cadmium tungstate crystals

Results of a study of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of cadmium tungstate crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations are presented. Spectral characteristics of the nondnnnoped crystals are briefly described. Absorption and photo and X-ray luminescence spectra of the crystals taken before and after exposure to γ-radiation (5.5·10⁴ Gy) are compared. It is found that the spectral characteristics of the crystals doped with silver, bismuth, and molybdenum cations do not change markedly after the exposure. The relation between the type of impurity-induced defects, individual characteristics of the impurity cations, and the character of the effect of γ-radiation on the spectral luminescence properties of impure crystals is analyzed (preliminarily). Translated from Zhurnal Prikladnoi Spektroskopii, Vol. 64, No. 1, pp. 55–60, January–February, 1997.     

Femtosecond Transform-Limited Pulse Generation by Compensating for the Linear Chirp of SPM Spectra in Dispersion Shifted Fibers

A simple technique of pulse compression, based on the linear chirp compensation of self-phase modulation (SPM) spectra in dispersion shifted fibers, is demonstrated. The optimization procedure is carried out, for a short span of a single-mode fiber, using a parabolic law, which describes the behavior of the squared output pulse width versus the pump peak power in the case of Gaussian pulses. The experimental results give a minimum pulse duration of 233 fs, which is in good agreement with the model. Shorter and coherent pulses, down to 90 fs, have been obtained by inserting an interference filter at the optical output.     

Sorting of bending magnets for the SSRF booster

The Shanghai Synchrotron Radiation Facility(SSRF)booster ring,a full energy injector for the storage ring,is deigned to accelerate the electron beam energy from 150MeV to 3.5GeV that demands high extraction efficiency at the extraction energy with low beam loss rate when electrons are ramping.Closed orbit distortion(COD)caused by bending magnet field uniformity errors which affects the machine performance harmfully could be effectively reduced by bending magnet location sorting.Considering the affections of random errors in measurement,both ideal sorting and realistic sorting are studied based on measured bending magnet field uniformity errors and one reasonable combination of bending magnets which can reduce the horizontal COD by a factor of 5is given as the final installation sequence of the booster bending magnets in this paper.     

Measurement of nonlinear coefficient of optical fiber based on small chirped soliton transmission

We measure the waveform and phase curves of short optical pulses before and after transmission over different lengths of fibers by use of the pulse analyzer with the frequency-resolved optical gating (FROG),and numerically simulate pulse evolution under the experimental conditions.The nonlinear coefficient of the fiber is given by comparing the experimental results with the numerical ones.Difference between the experiment and numerical simulation is analyzed.     

Resonance scattering of canonical elastic shells in absorbing fluid medium

Resonance scattering of elastic spherical shell and cylindrical shell while the surrounding fluid medium has absorption is studied. The normal mode solution derived using exact elastic theory and the separation of variables is still applicable. However, the scattering form function has to be modified for the absorbing medium, otherwise the unreasonable result would be obtained. The backscattering form function in the absorbing medium is redefined, and the form function of elastic spherical and cylindrical shell with vacuum or solid matter filled is calculated in various absorption conditions. The results show that the absorption of surrounding fluid leads to notable attenuation of the coincidence resonances in the mid-frequency, but it has a little influence on the low-frequency resonance scattering induced by the filler inside the shell.     

Single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance sensor with high detection resolution

A versatile and low-cost single-beam self-referenced phase-sensitive surface plasmon resonance(SPR)sensing system with ultra-high resolution performance is presented.The system exhibits a root-mean-square phase fluctuation of ±0.0028.over a period of 45 min.i.e.a resolution of±5.2×10-9 refractive index units.The enhanced performance has been achieved through the incorporation of three design elements:a true single-beam configuration enabling complete self-referencing so that only the phase change associated with SPR gets detected,a differential measurement scheme to eliminate spurious signals not related to the sensor response,and the elimination of retardation drifts by incorporating temperature stabilization in the liquid crystal phase modulato .Our design should bring the detection sensitivity of non-labeling SPR biosensing closer to that achievable by conventional fluorescence-based techniques.     

Influences of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold of Ta2O5 films

Ta2O5 films are prepared on BK7 substrates with conventional electron beam evaporation deposition.The effects of SiO2 protective layers and annealing on the laser-induced damage threshold (LIDT) of the films are investigated.The results show that SiO2 protective layers exert little influence on the electric field intensity(EFI)distribution,microstructure and microdefect density but increase the absorption slightly.Annealing iS effective on decreasing the microdefect density and the absorption of the films.Both SiO2 protective layers and annealing are beneficial to the damage resistance of the films and the latter is more effective to improve the LIDT.Moreover,the maximal LIDT of Ta2O5 films is achieved by the combination of SiO2 protective layers and annealing.     

A stereo matching algorithm using multi-peak candidate matches and geometric constraints

Gray cross correlation matching technique is adopted to extract candidate matches with gray cross correla- tion coefficients less than some certain range of maximal correlation coefficient called multi-peak candidate matches. Multi-peak candidates are extracted corresponding to three closest feature points at first. The corresponding multi-peak candidate matches are used to construct the model polygon. Correspondence is determined based on the local geometric relations between the three feature points and the multi-peak candidates. The disparity test and the global consistency checkout are applied to eliminate the remaining ambiguous matches that are not removed by the local geometric relational test. Experimental results show that the proposed algorithm is feasible and accurate.