Effect of nanofillers on thermal and transport properties of potassium iodide–polyethylene oxide solid polymer electrolyte

In order to enhance the ionic conductivity of polyethylene oxide (PEO)–KI(80:20) based alkaline polymer electrolytes, nanosized inorganic filler ZnS has been incorporated into PEO–KI matrix and the corresponding nanocomposite polymer electrolytes are synthesized by the usual solution casting procedure. Atomic force microscope image of composite polymer electrolyte exhibits that the introduction of ZnS nanoparticles changes the surface morphology and aggregates them to form an arborization pattern. The prepared nanocomposite polymer electrolyte reveals an ionic conductivity of about 10^?4 S cm^?1 for 5 wt% ZnS at room temperature.     

Photodissociation of sodium iodide and resonant ionization of sodium atom produced

Resonant ionization spectroscopy (RIS) and resonant ionization mass spectroscopy (RIMS) are employed to detect the photodissociation product of sodium iodide molecules in a molecular beam in an intense laser field in the absence of the buffer gases. Time of flight mass spectra is recorded. In particular, the appearances of multiphoton ionization are discussed.     

Microwave spectrum and structure of carbonyl gold iodide,OCAuI – ARTICLE WITHDRAWN

WITHDRAWN TO APPEAR IN SPECIAL ISSUE IN 2007     

The effect of cesium metal clusters on the optical properties of cesium iodide thin films

Cesium metal clusters strongly affect the optical properties of cesium iodide thin films. The metal clusters are formed during film formation by thermal evaporation. The cesium cluster of 30–40 nm in the matrix of cesium iodide insulating thin films results in Surface Plasmon Resonance (SPR). The peak position of these SPR peaks showed a red shift. This was shown to be due to changes in the dielectric constant of CsI resulting from the strains in the films caused by the metal clusters themselves.     

Electronic Structure of Immunoactive Molecules of 8–Azagona–12,17–Dione

Using the semiempirical method of partial neglect of differential overlap (PNDO), we have calculated the wave functions, energies, orbital configurations of electronic states, oscillator strengths of transitions, electronic density distributions, and dipole moments for the molecule of biologically active 8–azagona–12,17–dione, containing a conformationally rigid –acyl––aminovinylcarbonyl fragment. It has been established that as to their orbital nature the excited lower and higher singlet electronic states of this molecule are of the n^*– and ^* type respectively. The results of the theoretical analysis are in good qualitative agreement with the spectral data on absorption and luminescence. The calculations of the intermolecular interaction of the compound under consideration with a medium show that the molecular systems under consideration can possess a dynamic multicenter structure.     

Measurements of magnetostriction of paramagnetic Fe–Mo–Cu–B metallic glasses

Magnetostriction of amorphous Fe₇₉Mo₈Cu₁B₁₂, (Fe₁₂Co₁)₇₉Mo₈Cu₁B₁₂ and (Fe₉Co₁)₇₉Mo₈Cu₁B₁₂ prepared by planar flow casting was measured using a direct method. The results indicate that magnetostriction in parallel (_λ∥)$({\lambda }_{\parallel })$ and perpendicular (_λ⊥)$({\lambda }_{\perp })$ directions of applied magnetic field is linearly dependent on magnetic field. In order to determine the influences of chemical composition and the conditions of sample preparation the magnetostriction of pure BCC-Fe, Cu and Mo were also measured. Samples containing Co with Curie temperatures slightly above room temperatures were shown to exhibit a hybrid magnetostriction behaviour with both ferromagnetic and paramagnetic features.     

Iodine/potassium iodide catalyst for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated quinazolines via intramolecular cyclization of 2,2,2-trifluoro-N-benzyl-N′-arylacetimidamides

Molecular Diversity - An efficient and simple protocol for the synthesis of trifluoromethylated quinazolines has been described by I2-/KI-promoted oxidative C(sp3)–C(sp2) bond under the...     

P–V–T equation of state of rhodium oxyhydroxide

A high pressure X-ray diffraction study of RhOOH was carried out up to 17.44?GPa to investigate the compression behavior of an oxyhydroxide with an InOOH-related structure. A fit to the third-order Birch–Murnaghan equation of state gave K₀?=?208?±?6?GPa, and K′?=?9.4?±?1.3. The temperature derivative of the bulk modulus was found to be ?K/?T?=??0.06?±?0.02?GPa K^?1. The refined parameters for volume thermal expansion were α₀?=?2.7?±?0.3?×?10^?5 K^?1; α₁?=?1.7?±?1.1?×?10^?8 K^?2 in the polynomial form (α(T)?=?α_0?+?α₁(T?300)). Our results show that RhOOH is very incompressible, and has a higher bulk modulus than other InOOH-structured oxyhydroxides (e.g. δ-AlOOH, ε-FeOOH, and γ-MnOOH).     

Skin dominance of the dielectric–electronic–phononic–photonic attribute of nanoscaled silicon

Nanoscaled or porous silicon (p-Si) with and without surface passivation exhibits unusually tunable properties that its parent bulk does never show. Such property tunability amplifies the applicability of Si in the concurrent and upcoming technologies. However, consistent understanding of the fundamental nature of nanoscaled Si remains a high challenge. This article aims to address the recent progress in this regard with focus on reconciling the tunable dielectric, electronic, phononic, and photonic properties of p-Si in terms of skin dominance. We show that the skin-depth bond contraction, local quantum entrapment, and electron localization is responsible for the size-induced property tunability. The shorter and stronger bonds between undercoordinated skin atoms result in the local densification and quantum entrapment of the binding energy and the bonding electrons, which in turn polarizes the dangling bond electrons. Such local entrapment modifies the Hamiltonian and associated properties such as the band gap, core level shift, Stokes shift (electron–phonon interaction), phonon and dielectric relaxation. Therefore, given the known trend of one property change, one is expected to be able to predict the variation of the rest based on the notations of the bond order–length–strength correlation and local bond average approach (BOLS-LBA). Furthermore, skin bond reformation due to Al, Cu, and Ti metallization and O and F passivation adds another freedom to enhance or attenuate the size effect. The developed formulations, spectral analytical methods, and importantly, the established database and knowledge could be of use in engineering p-Si and beyond for desired functions.     

Consequences of the center–of–mass correction in nuclear mean–field models

We study the influence of the scheme for the correction for spurious center–of–mass motion on the fit of effective interactions for self–consistent nuclear mean–field calculations. We find that interactions with very simple center–of–mass correction have significantly larger surface coefficients than interactions for which the center–of–mass correction was calculated for the actual many–body state during the fit. The reason for that is that the effective interaction has to counteract the wrong trends with nucleon number of all simplified schemes for center–of–mass correction which puts a wrong trend with mass number into the effective interaction itself. The effect becomes clearly visible when looking at the deformation energy of largely deformed systems, e.g. superdeformed states or fission barriers of heavy nuclei. Received: 6 September 1999     

Thermal Stability of Structure and Properties of Gradient and Gradient-Layered Coatings of the Ti–Al–Si–Cu–N System

Russian Physics Journal - Using the methods of dark-field electron microscopy analysis, energy-dispersive X-ray microanalysis, hardness measurements and scratch testing, the variations of elemental...     

Study of Yang–Mills–Chern–Simons theory in presence of the Gribov horizon

The two-point gauge correlation function in Yang–Mills–Chern–Simons theory in three dimensional Euclidean space is analysed by taking into account the non-perturbative effects of the Gribov horizon. In this way, we are able to describe the confinement and de-confinement regimes, which naturally depend on the topological mass and on the gauge coupling constant of the theory.     

Nanotribology of Mo–Se–C films

Transition metal dichalcogenides with a layered structure are well known for their self-lubricating properties, particularly in a vacuum or dry atmosphere. The macrotribological properties of these films have been studied extensively. However, the tribological behaviour of these films in the nanonewton load range has hardly been reported. Study of tribological properties with load in the nanonewton range is required for applications related to microelectromechanical systems or nanoelectromechanical systems. In view of the above, the hardness, surface force, friction force, etc. of Mo–Se–C films were investigated at an applied load in the nanonewton range using a nanoindenter and atomic force microscopy. The effect of carbon content, applied load and scanning speed on the friction coefficient was determined. Data pertaining to topography, lateral force and pull-off force of various surfaces are illustrated. The observed nanotribological behaviour of these films is analysed in the light of their nanohardness. The results indicate that the friction force of all the films is very low and in general dependent on surface force. However, a film having the highest carbon content exhibits the maximum friction force. With increasing carbon content of the films tested, the hardness increases and wear decreases. The above results pertain to investigations under ambient conditions.     

Glycine–Nitrate Synthesis of Solid Solutions of Barium–Strontium Metatitanate

Physics of the Solid State - The influence of composition of glycine–nitrate systems on the completeness of the formation of solid solutions of barium–strontium metatitanate was...     

Hysteresis of nanocrystalline R–Fe–B

The energetic model of ferromagnetic hysteresis calculates the magnetic state of materials by minimizing the total energy function for statistical domain behavior. The approach shows good agreement with the magnetization curves of mechanically alloyed Pr₉Fe₈₅B₆ powder, heat treated at different temperatures.     

Optimization of the properties of codoped single-domain Y–Ba–Cu–O bulk superconductors

The intrinsic effects of nanoscopic MnO₂ powders addition combined with Fe cation substitutions for copper sites on the microstructure and superconductive properties of YBa₂Cu₃O_7?δ (Y123) melt-solidified bulks have been investigated. On the one hand, an increase in Y₂BaCuO₅ (Y211) particle pushing, leading to an inhomogeneous bulk microstructure, is caused by increasing MnO₂ content due to increased net interfacial energy, Δσ₀; and, on the other hand, an addition of MnO₂ powders is effective in enhancing both the δT_c-type and δl-type pinning. It also shows that the Fe addition helps to optimize the high magnetic field performance and Y211 particle distribution in textured pellets. Further, this experiment suggests that a combination of the element substitution and the nanoscopic particle is a beneficial way to optimize the microstructure and superconductive properties of single-domain bulk superconductors.     

Modification of the Structure of Ti–Al–Si–Cu–N Gradient Coatings by Mechanical Tests

Technical Physics - The structural state in the zones of indentation and scratch testing of Ti–Al–Si–Cu–N gradient coatings has been studied using dark-field electron...