集成化微流控芯片氨基酸分析仪的研究

微全分析系统在新世纪的一个重要发展方向是应用于分析检测仪器的微型化.目前国外商品化的微流控芯片分析仪价格昂贵,体积较大.     

基于纳米金催化的血清尿酸纸芯片的构建及应用

建立了一种以纸芯片为平台,利用纳米金(Au NPs)的过氧化物模拟酶特性对血清中尿酸(UA)含量进行快速检测的方法.在改装的中性笔中灌注疏水性材料溶液,直接在滤纸上绘制所需要的图案,经干燥后形成纸芯片.将纳米金、四甲基联苯胺(TMB)和H_2O_2的混合液依次滴加于纸芯片检测区域,无色的TMB被氧化成蓝色,然后将待测样品滴加于蓝色区域,氧化态TMB被还原为无色,根据手机相机记录的检测区域灰度值计算试样中尿酸的浓度.实验优化了纳米金在纸芯片上的用量、反应时间和反应温度等参数,在最优实验条件下,检测尿酸的线性范围为10.6~125 mg/L,检出限为4.64 mg/L,加样回收率为94.8%~108.5%.该方法选择性良好,可用于测定血清样品中尿酸的含量.     

Determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in cornel by cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography

A cyclodextrin-modified micellar electrokinetic chromatography (CD-MEKC) method was established for the determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in cornel. The two components were separated in the running buffer of 40 mmol/L sodium borate containing 5% methanol, 25 mmol/L SDS and 15 mmol/L hydroxypropyl-beta-cyclodextrin (HP-beta-CD). The applied voltage was 24 kV. The wavelength of detection was 200 nm. The temperature was kept at 25 C. Cinnamic acid was used as the internal standard. The analytical performance of the method was tested with respect to linearity, precision and recovery. The calibration curves were linear in the range of 10.15-243.6 microg/mL, r=0.9993 (oleanolic acid) and 10.07-241.7 microg/mL, r=0.9994 (ursolic acid); the intra-day precision (RSD) was less than 3.7% (oleanolic acid) and 4.1% (ursolic acid); the inter-day precision (RSD) was less than 4.2% (oleanolic acid) and 4.9% (ursolic acid). The limits of detection were 1.6 microg/mL for both components. The method proved to be sensitive, rapid, accurate and suitable for the determination of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in cornel.     

一种直接测定微流控芯片电渗流速度的新方法

随着微芯片技术的成熟,越来越迫切地需要有一个准确而简洁的电渗流速度的检测方法。根据荧光物质罗丹明123（Rh123）在不同pH缓冲溶液中迁移时间的变化,推导出Rh123在pH 9和10条件下分别有中性分子存在,而中性分子的移动速度等于电渗流速度,因此建立了直接以Rh123中性分子为标记物测定电渗流速度的方法。通过直接检测Rh123中性分子的迁移时间,计算得出所用玻璃微流控芯片在pH 9.3和pH 10.1的电渗流速度为3.9×10-4 cm2/(s·V)和4.1×10-4 cm2/(s·V),与经典方法对照无明显差异。     

简易型微流控芯片捕获循环肿瘤细胞的研究

本研究以循环肿瘤细胞(乳腺肿瘤细胞)为研究对象,以聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)、双面粘性薄膜(DSA)、玻片为原材料,采用激光雕刻技术制作微流控芯片,结合巯基-马来酰亚胺基团硅烷化偶联法和免疫荧光技术进行芯片内捕获检测实验,并使用外周血肿瘤细胞来验证此微流控芯片的实用性,使用具有高速摄像功能的荧光显微镜进行镜下观察及拍摄. 成功构建了一种简易型微流控芯片系统,利用此系统可实现对乳腺肿瘤细胞(92±3)%的捕获率,对外周血肿瘤细胞(88±3)%的捕获率,而且芯片的制作工艺简单,对实验仪器要求低,1 min内即可制作完成,简化了制作过程,弥补了传统光刻工艺复杂繁琐的不足,为临床检测疾病的发生与发展提供了新的研究方向.     

Biotransformation of ursolic acid by Alternaria longipes AS3.2875

Microbial transformation of ursolic acid (1) was carried out by Alternaria longipes AS 3.2875. Six transformed products (2–7) from 1 were isolated and their structures were identified as 3-carbonyl ursolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (2), ursolic acid 3-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (3), ursolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (4), 2α, 3β-dihydroxy ursolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (5), 3β, 21β dihydroxy ursolic acid 28-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl ester (6), and 3-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl)- ursolic acid 28-O-(β-D-glucopyranosyl) ester (7) based on the analysis of 1D NMR, 2DNMR and MS data. The product 2 was a new compound among them and showed stronger antibacterial activity against S. aureu, MRSA and MRCA than substrate. In this study, we modified structure of ursolic acid through biotransformation to enhance its activities and preliminarily discussed the transformation way of the products.     

Synthesis and characterization of folic acid‐modified carboxymethyl chitosan‐ursolic acid targeted nano‐drug carrier for the delivery of ursolic acid and 10‐hydroxycamptothecin

Carboxymethyl chitosan (CMCS), as a water‐soluble, biocompatible, and biodegradable polymer, is an excellent carrier for a sustained drug delivery system. In this study, a amphiphilic carboxymethyl chitosan‐ursolic acid nano‐drug carrier modified by folic acid (FPCU) were prepared, and then the nano‐drug carrier wrapped another anticancer drug 10‐hydroxycamptothecin were self‐assembled into nanoparticles (FPCU/HCPT NPs). The FPCU/HCPT NPs had a suitable size, high drug loading efficiency of ursolic acid (6.4%) and 10‐hydroxycamptothecin (14.1%). The drug release study in vitro indicated that the nanoparticles have obviously sustained effect and pH sensitive behaviors, the drug release amount was higher at pH 5.5 than at pH 7.4. in vitro and in vivo study showed that the nanoparticles displayed a high antitumor efficiency to tumor cells compared with free drug. The nano delivery system as a carrier for ursolic acid (UA) and 10‐hydroxycamptothecin (HCPT) has good application prospects in cancer treatment.     

微流控芯片电泳快速分离脂蛋白

描述了一种芯片电泳快速分离脂蛋白的方法. 利用自制的微流控芯片及激光诱导荧光技术电泳分离经硝基苯并噁二唑-C₆-酰基鞘胺醇预染的脂蛋白标本, 在40 mmol/L tricine缓冲液(pH 9.4)中加入40 mmol/L甲基葡胺, 在500 V电压下40 s进样, 在2000 V 电压下2 min内完成分离, 可出现低密度脂蛋白(LDL)与高密度脂蛋白(HDL)两条脂蛋白区带, 5次重复性试验其出峰时间变异系数(CV)为2.6%. 本法为高血脂患者提供了一种快速、简便、灵敏、重复性好的诊断方法.     

蛋白质DNA混合微点阵和微流控芯片的整合

在活化的石英片上制作蛋白质和DNA微点阵, 并可逆地将其与含有通道的多聚二甲基硅氧烷弹性橡胶封接在一起, 使蛋白质和DNA微点阵组装在微通道列阵内; 实现在微通道列阵内同时检测和分析蛋白质与DNA的功能. 为了降低多聚二甲基硅氧烷弹性橡胶的疏水性, 增强其生物相容性, 实验通过多聚赖氨酸对多聚二甲基硅氧烷弹性橡胶的修饰, 提高了它的亲水性, 使溶液能够在微通道内顺畅地流通. 实验表明, 这种混合芯片能够提高检测速度和增加检测的信息量.     

微流控芯片差示式非接触电导检测器的研制

研制了一种适合普通厚度盖片的分析芯片的差示式非接触电导检测器。在芯片上制作分离通道和参比通道,并在独立的电极板上对应于两通道末端位置设置两对电极,分析芯片置于电极板上。信号发生器产生的高频信号分成两路,分别加至分离通道和参比通道对应的激发电极,两通道对应的接收电极的微弱信号经差示放大和整流。当组分经过分离通道电极间区域时,电导率与参比通道出现差异,获得检测信号。实验考察了激发频率、激发电压、电极间距等对检测性能的影响。在优化检测条件下,即检测频率100 kHz、检测电压10 V(Vp-p)、电极间距0.9 mm时,对K+的检出限达12μmol·L-1,相对标准偏差为1.1%,并成功用于Na+、K+离子的分离检测。该检测器适用于容易制作的普通厚度盖片的分析芯片的检测,且芯片与电极板相互独立,使用方便。     

不同结构型熊果酸衍生物在抗肿瘤方面的研究进展

熊果酸是一种植物中常见的五环三萜类活性产物,具有广谱且显著的的抗肿瘤活性,但是较差的水溶性限制了其作为抗癌药物的应用。因此,对熊果酸的结构母核进行适当的修饰,引入特殊的药效基团,以改善其临床应用的局限性,成为了当前人们研究的热点。本综述总结了近10年来报道的具有抗肿瘤活性的熊果酸的各种合成衍生物,以探究不同基团修饰对抗肿瘤活性的影响,为研究熊果酸抗肿瘤方面的构效关系提供参考。     

Determination of oleanolic acid, ursolic acid and amygdalin in the flower of Eriobotrya japonica Lindl. by HPLC

Simple and accurate HPLC methods were developed for the determination of oleanolic acid (OA), ursolic acid (UA) and amygdalin in loquat (Eriobotrya japonica Lindl.) flower, which is commonly used for the treatment of various diseases as a traditional Chinese medicine. HPLC assay was performed on a reversed-phase C(18) column and all three compounds were detected at 210 nm with a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. The mobile phase consisted of methanol (A) and 0.03 mol/L phosphate buffer (pH 2.8) (B) with a ratio of 88:12 (A:B, v/v) for simultaneous detection of OA and UA, and 25:75 (A:B, v/v) for detection of amygdalin. The established methods showed good precision and accuracy with overall intra-day and inter-day variation of 0.99-3.55 and 1.05-4.05%, respectively, and overall recoveries of 97.37-99.32% for the three compounds. Application of these methods to determine the OA, UA and amygdalin contents in loquat flower showed that cultivar had a minor effect on the contents of all three compounds, with average amounts of 0.38-0.51 mg OA/g dry weight (DW), 2.15-2.68 mg UA/g DW and 1.23-1.56 mg amygdalin/g DW among five loquat cultivars tested. However, developmental stages and flower tissues showed significant effect on the contents of all three bioactive components.     

微流控芯片在食品安全分析中的应用进展

微流控芯片技术可以实现从样品处理到检测的微型化、自动化、集成化及便携化,因而在食品安全检测方面展现出强大的发展活力。目前微流控芯片技术在农药残留、兽药残留、重金属、食品添加剂等食品安全检测方面已取得了一系列重要进展。该文着重介绍了微流控芯片技术在食品安全分析中的研究进展,并展望了其在食品安全分析中的应用前景。     

微流控芯片系统在单细胞研究中的应用

微流控芯片具有网络式通道结构,扩展了在细胞和亚细胞水平进行生命科学研究的能力,为单细胞研究提供了一个新的平台.在微流控芯片通道中,人们利用气压、液压和电压,或利用介电电泳、光学陷阱、行波介电电泳以及磁场等技术,可以操纵细胞通过或驻留在通道内的任意位置,从而使单细胞计数、筛选以及胞内组分分析等操作大大简化.本文对微流控芯片系统在血液流变学、单细胞操纵与计数以及单细胞胞内组分分析中的应用进行了综述,介绍了用于单细胞研究的多种微芯片系统,讨论了芯片上进行单细胞操纵的各种方法     

一种用于乳酸检测的新型微流控芯片

基于光度吸收原理,设计了一种集成片上混合和光纤检测功能于一体的微流控芯片,用于细胞和组织培养过程中乳酸代谢浓度的在线检测。通过光学设计软件(Zem ax)优化设计了吸收光路,得到微流控芯片沟道宽度为250μm,利用计算流体动力学软件(CFD)模拟确定了乳酸和显色剂片上混合时微流控芯片沟道的溶液完全混合位置和光纤检测点,采用微电子机械系统(MEMS)加工了基于聚二甲基硅氧烷(PDMS)的微流控芯片,将片上混合和光纤检测功能集成在一个以PDMS和载玻片组成的芯片上。实验结果表明,该芯片成功实现了乳酸和显色剂的片上混合和实时检测,检出限(LOD)为0.52 mmol/L(47 mg/L),乳酸浓度从1 mmol/L变化至5 mmol/L时的芯片响应时间为130 s,能够满足细胞和组织培养过程中乳酸在线检测要求。     

基于智能手机的纸微流控电化学农药检测芯片的研究

纸质微流控装置的出现为低成本化学分析提供了一种简单而实用的平台.本研究开发了一种基于浓差电池原理的新型电化学检测纸质芯片,通过智能手机的辅助实现了农药的检测.检测芯片由色谱纸喷蜡打印制作而成.加入样品与芯片上的预加试剂反应5 min,然后将丝网印刷的电极层置于芯片上,利用模具的重力作用使电极层与纸芯片的两极紧密接触,再通过智能手机的USB读取装置获取芯片的电位,并由电位-农药浓度关系得到检测结果.使用此芯片实现了农药敌百虫(三氯磷酸酯)的快速、简便、可自供电的电化学定量检测,检出限为0.89 μ mol/L.     

基于毛细管电泳及微流控芯片的药物提取分离技术

近年来,在提取分离方面出现了许多新技术和新方法.其中毛细管电泳和微流控芯片技术以其微量、高效、快速等特点,在药物提取分离中已渐显优势.该文对基于毛细管电泳和微流控芯片的两相电泳技术、微流控液液萃取技术、微流控固液萃取技术、微流控过滤式分离技术、微流控膜分离技术在药物分离提取中的应用进行了综述.     

Identification and quantification of oleanolic acid and ursolic acid in Chinese herbs by liquid chromatography-ion trap mass spectrometry

A rapid and sensitive method for the identification and quantification of ursolic acid (UA) and oleanolic acid (OA) in Chinese herbs is described. The method combines liquid chromatography (LC) with ion trap‐mass spectrometry (IT‐MS) detection. The UA and OA standard solution were directly infused into IT‐MS for collecting MSⁿ spectra. The major fragment ions of UA and OA were confirmed by MSⁿ at m/z 455, 407, 391, 377 and 363 in negative ion mode, and m/z 457, 439, 411 and 393 in positive mode, respectively. The possible main cleavage pathway of fragment ions was studied. UA and OA provided good signals corresponding to the deprotonated molecular ion [M − H]⁻. The method is reliable and reproducible, and the detection limit is 5 ng/mL. The method was validated in the concentration range of 0.04–40 μg/mL; intra‐ and inter‐day precisions ranged from 0.78 to 2.15%, and the accuracy was 96.5–108.2% for UA and OA. The mean recovery of UA and OA was 97.1–106.2% with RSD less than 1.86%. An LC‐IT‐MS method was successfully applied to determine the UA and OA in nine Chinese herbs. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Investigation of antiplasmodial efficacy of lupeol and ursolic acid isolated from Ficus benjamina leaves extract

Abstract

This study emphasizes on the investigation of antiplasmodial activity of triterpenoids isolated from Ficus benjamina leaves. An unsaponified fraction of petroleum ether extract of plant leaves was subjected to silica gel column chromatography which led to the isolation of two known triterpenoids; namely ursolic acid and lupeol. These compounds were evaluated for antiplasmodial activity by schizont maturation inhibition assay using 3D7 Plasmodium strains. Both, ursolic acid and lupeol were found to exhibit significant antiplasmodial effect with an IC₅₀ value of 18?µg/ml and 3.8?µg/ml, respectively. This study further confirms the traditional role of Ficus benjamina plant in the treatment of malaria which may be attributed to ursolic acid and lupeol.     

微流控芯片测定盐酸地芬尼多片中盐酸地芬尼多

利用微流控芯片非接触电导检测法测定片剂中盐酸地芬尼多的含量.采用1 mmol/L HAc+2 mmol/L NaAc(pH 4.5)为缓冲溶液,0.2 mmol/L 十二烷基硫酸钠(SDS)为添加剂,在分离电压为2.20 kV,进样时间为10 s下,1 min内实现组分快速分离和检测.盐酸地芬尼多线性范围为5～160 ...