乌骨藤中五环三萜类化合物的分离鉴定

利用硅胶柱色谱法、Sephadex LH-20凝胶柱色谱法及半制备高效液相色谱法,从乌骨藤的正丁醇萃取物中分离得到4种五环三萜类化合物。利用核磁共振谱、质谱、红外光谱等分析方法对化合物结构进行了分析和表征,确定了4种化合物分别为β-香树脂醇(β-amyrin)、白桦酯醇(betulin)、白桦酯酸(betulinic acid)和羽扇豆醇(lupeol),它们为首次在牛奶菜属植物中发现,其中后3种化合物具有抗肿瘤活性。     

大黄柳中两种黄酮化合物的结构解析

利用聚酰胺色谱法及制备型高效液相色谱法从大黄柳叶中分离得到2种黄酮化合物。利用核磁共振谱、质谱、紫外光谱及红外光谱对化合物结构进行了分析和表征。结果表明：这两种化合物分别为木樨草素7-O-α-L-吡哺阿拉伯糖(1→6)β-D-吡哺葡萄糖苷(Ⅰ)和木樨草素7-O-β-D-吡哺木糖(1→6)β-D-吡哺葡萄糖苷(Ⅱ)。这2种化合物为首次从柳属植物中分得。     

手性氨基酸的制备及生物活性研究进展

综述了近年来手性氨基酸的制备方法及其生物活性，包括化学拆分法、不对称合成法、结晶法、微生物法、酶法、配位萃取法、膜拆分法以及色谱法等制备方法，还介绍了手性氨基酸作为手性药物的生物活性作用，并对其研究的前景进行了展望。参考文献42篇。     

有机功能化介孔氧化硅的制备和表征

有机功能化的介孔氧化硅在催化领域、吸附分离、生物化学和电子学等领域有广泛的应用前景。本文综述了近年来有机功能化介孔氧化硅的研究进展,主要介绍了有机功能化的介孔氧化硅的制备方法、种类和表征手段,并对其未来发展前景进行了展望。有机功能化的介孔氧化硅的制备方法主要有接枝法、共缩聚法、有序介孔有机硅法和自模板法,常用的表征方法有粉末X-射线衍射分析、低温N₂吸附-脱附、透射电镜、红外光谱、热重分析、元素分析和²⁹Si、¹³C交叉极化和魔角旋转核磁共振等。     

硒的分析概况

对硒分析方法进行了综述,共分硒的分析分离方法,硒的定量法两大部分。硒的分析和分离方法中,介绍了硒的分析方法及分类,硒样品采集与前处理,分离方法。硒的定量法中介绍了重量法、容量法、分光光度法、荧光法、原子吸收分光光度法、原子发射光谱法、极谱法、中子活化分析法、气相色谱法、液相色谱法等。每一分析法中介绍了测定法研究及应用实例 。本文参考了137篇有关硒与硒分析法资料。     

常温自旋交叉配合物[Fe(dpp)(Mepy)2(NCS)2]的合成与磁性研究

设计制备了一个新的常温自旋交叉配合物[Fe(dpp)(Mepy)2(NCS)2]。通过元素分析、红外光谱、电喷雾质谱和紫外光谱等方法对该配合物进行结构表征。变温磁化率研究发现该配合物的自旋转换温度Tc为330K。通过与同体系其他配合物的比较发现,配体的修饰对自旋交叉临界温度以及回滞宽度都有显著影响。     

薄层色谱讲座第一讲薄层色谱法的基本技术

薄层色谱法(Thin-Layer Chromatography,简称TLC)是Kirchner等人在五十年代从经典柱色谱法及纸色谱法的基础上发展起来的一种色谱技术。六十年代后,Stahl等人对薄层色谱法的标准化、规格化及扩大应用等方面进行了许多工作,使该法日趋成熟。薄层色谱法具有设备简单、操作方便、分离快速、灵敏度及分辨率高、显色剂选择性大,以及制备薄层载量较纸色谱大,而切割色带较柱色谱方便等优点。因此,在分离分析及小量制备工作中基本取代了纸色谱法及经典柱色谱法。     

二氧化钛负载单原子催化剂用于光催化反应的研究（英文）

二氧化钛是目前被广泛研究和运用的金属氧化物。该文章总结当前二氧化钛负载单原子金属,包括铂、钯、铱、铑、铜、钌等催化剂的制备方法、表征手段和光催化反应的运用。二氧化钛表面负载单原子金属的主要制备方法包括表面缺陷法、表面修饰、高温脉冲及表面金属配体组装等。该文章探讨这些制备方法的控制条件和实用范围,并讨论负载型单原子催化剂的表征手段,包括电镜表征(球差校正扫描透射显微镜和扫描隧道显微镜)和谱学分析(扩展的X-光吸收精细结构分析、分子探针红外吸收谱等)。最后文章针对二氧化钛负载单原子催化剂在光催化水裂解产氢的作用机理和在光催化二氧化碳还原反应的运用做出讨论。     

反相高效液相色谱法测定紫草素衍生物

紫草(gromwell)为紫草科多年生草本植物,是常用中药,因其根呈紫色而得名。药理学研究发现紫草提取物具有抑菌、抗炎、抗肿瘤以及抗生育等作用。对紫草素衍生物的测定方法主要有比色法、重量法、紫外-可见分光光度法、薄层扫描法、薄层-分光光度法、单扫描极谱法以及正相高效液相色谱法。所有这些方法主要用于测定紫草提取物中的萘醌类化合物总量或主要单体含量。本文建立了一种分离快、柱效高、准确度高、重现性好的反相高效液相色谱(RP—HPLC)同时测定紫草素衍生物的新方法。     

碳纳米管的色谱纯化法

目前碳纳米管的纯化方法很多,有物理法,化学法和物理化学综合法等,然而这些方法仍不能得到高纯度的碳纳米管。色谱法分离纯化碳纳米管已成为近年来研究的热点,该法不仅能高效分离得到高纯度的碳纳米管,而且还能达到长短分离,具有重要的学术和实际意义。已报道的色谱法纯化碳纳米管主要有空间排阻色谱法以及毛细管电泳法,本文对上述色谱法纯化碳纳米管做了详细介绍。     

芳基脲类衍生物的合成、活性和量子化学计算

芳基脲类化合物是抑制细胞分裂生长的一种抑制剂。本研究报导合成的六个芳基脲类化合物,并利用油菜试法测定了它们抑制油菜胚根生长的生物活性;采用MOPAC程序中的PM3方法进行了量化计算,计算结果较好地解释了新合成化合物结构与生物活性的相关性。     

Raising the Speed Limit for β-Hairpin Formation

Understanding the folding of the β-hairpin is a crucial step in studying how β-rich proteins fold. We have studied CLN025, an optimized ten residue synthetic peptide, which adopts a compact, well-structured β-hairpin conformation. Formation of the component β-sheet and β-turn structures of CLN025 was probed independently using a combination of equilibrium Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and laser-induced temperature jump coupled with time-resolved infrared and fluorescence spectroscopies. We find that CLN025 is an ultrafast folder due to its small free energy barrier to folding and that it exceeds the predicted speed limit for β-hairpin formation by an order of magnitude. We also find that the folding mechanism cannot be described by a simple two-state model, but rather is a heterogeneous process involving two independent parallel processes. Formation of stabilizing cross-strand hydrophobic interactions and turn alignment occur competitively, with relaxation lifetimes of 82 ± 10 and 124 ± 10 ns, respectively, at the highest probed temperature. The ultrafast and heterogeneous folding kinetics observed for CLN025 provide evidence for folding on a nearly barrierless free energy landscape, and recalibrate the speed limit for the formation of a β-hairpin.     

The Preparation and Characterization of Conjugated Linolenic Acid

Conjugated Linolenic Acid (CLN) has recently been shown to have a more strong cytotoxic effect on various human tumor cell lines than CLA. In CLN, all the three double bonds are conjugated, whereas they are methylene-interrupted in LN. Some seed oil, such as tung oil and pomegranate seed oil, principally consist of CLN, accounting for 76.5% and 75.5%, respectively.CLN can be characterized using the combination of gas chromatography (GC), highperformance liquid chromatography (HPLC) and UV /VIS spectrophotomea-ic analysis. GC can separate the CLN from other fatty acids and HPLC can separate the individual CLN isomers.The conjugated triene formation has a maximum absorbency at 268 nm and the conjugated diene formation has an absorbency at 235 nm in UV spectrum.CLN was prepared from linseed oil by isomerization reaction in our present study. By treating at was isomerized and the product was purified by recrystallizing in the methanol. The GC and UV /VIS spectrophotometric analysis were used to characterize the obtained products. It was found that the a-LN in the linseed oil was converted to the corresponding conjugated diene acids and CLN. The GC analysis also showed that there formed about 20% CLN when reacting for 10h with 40% KOH/ethylene glycol.     

酰基吡唑啉酮化合物的计算、合成和抑菌活性

利用Sybyl 6.3软件包中的分子力学程序对2个4-酰基-2-吡唑啉-5-酮类化合物分子进行了系统研究,得到了它们的最低能量构象,发现它们具有适宜的配位环境,可能是一类新型的三齿配体。 合成和表征了1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(邻-甲酰基苯甲酸)-2-吡唑啉-5-酮 和1-苯基-3-甲基-4-(顺-乙酰基丁烯酸)-2-吡唑啉-5-酮化合物。 抑菌活性测定结果表明它们对革兰氏阳性和阴性菌均有较好的抑制作用,为进一步研究其配合物的生理活性提供了参考依据。     

An unambiguous assignment and structural analysis using solution NMR experiments of O-antigen from Escherichia coli ATCC23505 (Serotype O9)

Bacterial lipopolysaccharide from Escherichia coli O9 (O9 LPS) has various characteristic biological activities other than endotoxic activities. The biological activities exhibited depend on the structure of the O-antigen. The O-antigen region of O9 LPS is composed of the mannose homopolysaccharide (MHP). This structure was reported previously, but not all its proton and carbon signals were assigned. In the present study, we completely assign all proton and carbon signals of the O-antigen of O9 LPS using (1)H- and (13)C-NMR spectroscopy, including the DQF-COSY, TOCSY, NOESY, HSQC, H2BC, HSQC-TOCSY and HMBC methods.     

Formulation of gold nanoparticles with hibiscus and curcumin extracts induced anti-cancer activity

Gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have shown a potential for biological applications due to their biocompatibility and high efficiency in drug delivery. Most of the times, the chemical routs are being used to synthesize the AuNPs products. In this paper, eco-friendly non-chemical rout was used to prepare AuNPs by utilizing hibiscus and curcumin extracts as reducing and stabilizing agents, and subsequently their anticancer activities were investigated. The synthesized AuNPs were characterized by using ultraviolet–visible spectroscopy (UV–Vis spectroscopy), Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). UV–Vis spectroscopy analysis confirmed the characteristics absorption peak of gold, and FTIR findings were highlighted the characteristics boding. SEM and TEM analyses showed that the particles were predominantly spherical in shape. The particles were well dispersed when they were prepared under Hibiscus extracts with average size ～ 13 nm. An interesting morphology was observed when AuNPs were prepared with curcumin, where particles displayed an interconnected morphology (average size ～ 18 nm). The anticancer cell activity of AuNPs was studied against human colorectal carcinoma cells (HCT-116) and breast cancer cells (Michigan Cancer Foundation-7 (MCF-7)). The results of anticancer study showed that the treatment of cancer cells with AuNPs decreased the number of cells significantly as compared to control cells. The AuNPs -Hibiscus specimen showed a better inhibiting property than AuNPs -Curcumin, which is attributed to their uniform dispersion and small size.     

Naringenin Schiff base: antioxidant activity,acid–base profile,and interactions with DNA

A Schiff base derived from naringenin (NTSC) and its complex with Cu(II) ([Cu(H₃L)(OAc)]·H₂O, Cu(II)–NTSC) have been synthesized and characterized by physicochemical and spectroscopic methods. EPR studies confirmed that nitrogen, oxygen, and sulfur are the donor atoms bound to Cu(II) in the complex. The geometry of the complex has been modelled using DFT methods. Furthermore, naringenin and NTSC were used for the formation of Cu(II) complexes in solution, for comparison of biological activities. Antioxidant studies confirmed better radical scavenging activity of both NTSC and its Cu(II) complex compared to naringenin. The interaction of these compounds with calf thymus DNA was monitored by UV–Vis spectroscopy.     

Techniques for the analysis of pentacyclic triterpenoids in medicinal plants

Triterpenes are a major class of chemical compounds found in natural plants and can be categorized into acyclic triterpenoids, monocyclic triterpenoids, tricyclic triterpenoids, tetracyclic triterpenoids, and pentacyclic triterpenoids. Among them, pentacyclic triterpenoids have gained more extensive attention due to their biological activities, including anti‐inflammation, antibacterial, antioxidation, antitumor, anti‐HIV, hepatoprotection, and immunological adjuvant properties. In this review, we summarize the extraction and analytical methods for pentacyclic triterpenoids, where more than 56 triterpenes from 49 kinds of plants were involved. The analysis methods include gas chromatography, liquid chromatography, capillary electrophoresis, thin‐layer chromatography, supercritical fluid chromatography, NMR spectroscopy, and X‐ray spectroscopy. This review provides valuable reference for the determination of pentacyclic triterpenoids in medicinal plants.     

含杂环1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物的合成及生物活性

为创制具有较高生物活性的绿色农药,以姜黄素为先导,将具有良好生物活性的肟酯基团引入1,4-戊二烯-3-酮的骨架中,设计合成了一系列含杂环1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物,其结构经红外光谱、核磁共振氢谱及碳谱和高分辨质谱确认。初步的生物活性测试结果表明,在药剂浓度为50mg/L时,化合物5d对小麦赤霉病菌,水稻纹枯病菌和苹果腐烂病菌的抑制活性相对较好,分别为64.75%、52.05%和69.68%;在药剂浓度为500mg/L时,化合物5d、5e和5f对TMV具有较好的治疗和钝化活性,其抑制率分别为56.93%和86.89%、53.08%和83.51%、53.40%和89.01%。以上研究结果表明,1,4-戊二烯-3-酮肟酯类化合物具有一定抑菌和抗病毒活性,在其结构基础上进行适当的改造,有望获得具有较高生物活性的有机分子。     

Advances in Chemical Composition,Extraction Techniques,Analytical Methods,and Biological Activity of Astragali Radix

Astragali Radix (AR) is one of the well-known traditional Chinese medicines with a long history of medical use and a wide range of clinical applications. AR contains a variety of chemical constituents which can be classified into the following categories: polysaccharides, saponins, flavonoids, amino acids, and trace elements. There are several techniques to extract these constituents, of which microwave-assisted, enzymatic, aqueous, ultrasonic and reflux extraction are the most used. Several methods such as spectroscopy, capillary electrophoresis and various chromatographic methods have been developed to identify and analyze AR. Meanwhile, this paper also summarizes the biological activities of AR, such as anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, antitumor and antiviral activities. It is expected to provide theoretical support for the better development and utilization of AR.