Rare Decays B→K(*) e+ e- Test of the Standard Model

The exclusive B→K^(*) e⁺ e^- decays are studied in the topcolor-assisted technicolor model and in the minimal technicolor model. We find that the angular distribution and the dilepton mass distribution in B→K^(*) e⁺ e^- which can be reliably predicted in the large dilepton mass region, are very sensitive to the actual form of the new interaction. This provides a good test to physics beyond the standard model.     

Constraints on Form Factor Ratios and Bounds on υ(υ)N Scattering in the Standard Model

Using PQCD and the standard electro-weak theory we prove that F₁ⁿ/F₁^p must be nonzero and finite at large momentum transfers. This has implications for QCD sum rule based nucleon wave functions. Bounds on combinations of υ(υ) N differential cross sections are derived. Relations involving F₁ⁿ/F₁^p and [F_A/F₁^p]² are obtained and it is established that at large q², F_A/F₁^p must be finite where F_A is the axid form factor.     

Single Production of Top Quark via e-γ Collision in Left-Right Twin Higgs Model

In the context of the left-right twin Higgs (LRTH) model, we fist study single production of the standard model (SM) top quark via e^-γ collisions. We find that the corrections of the LRTH model to the cross section of the process e^-γ→ν_ebt might be observed only for f≤750 GeV and the heavy top quark mass scale M≥500 GeV in future high energy linear e⁺e^- collider (LC) experiment with the center-of-mass (CM) energy s^½=500 GeV and a yearly integrated luminosity of £=100 fb^-1. We also consider single production of the heavy top quark T via e^-γ collisions. Our numerical results show that the possible signals of the heavy top quark T might be observed via the decay channel T→φ⁺b→tbb in future LC experiment with s^½=3 TeV and £=500 fb^-1.     

QCD Correction to σ(e+e-→ZH→Zbb)

We study the QCD corrections to the calculated values of σ(e⁺e^-→ZH→Zbb), and find that for M_H<100 GeV, the process can be measured at the LEP energy to extract information of Higgs and the QCD corrections are negligible, namely the tree-level calculation is sufficiently aciurate for the energy range, while for M_H > 100 GeV, the Higgs-involved subprocess can only be investigated at NLC, and then the QCD correction becomes as large as 45%. For M_H > 2mt, considering the subprocess e⁺e^-→ZH→Ztt, the QCD corrections are also important and must be taken into account for the cross section evaluation.     

The Generalized Moment Analysis (GMA) and Spin Analysis for Boson Resonances

Our analyais^[1] has shown that there exist sensitive and insensitive regions to determine the spin (J = 2 or 4) of ξ(2230) in the general helicity formalism. Whereaa it just falls into the insensitive region by using current data of ξ. If the number of events is not sufficient it is difficult to determine the spin of ξ^[2]. In this paper we generalize the moment analysis^[3]. We define the photon angular distribution H_J(θ_τ, LM) for the moment of process e⁺ +R^- → J/ψ → τ + ξ, ξ → p + p and the weighted moment by choosing appropriate weight function. They provide an effective criterion to determine the spin of ξ. We also use the method to discuss LIE puzzle for process e⁺ + e^- → J/ψ → τ + B₁ B → P₁ + P₂ + P₃.     

Four-Particle Entangled State Representation and Its Squeezing Transformation

The four-particle EPR entangled state | p,χ₂,χ₃,χ₄〉is constructed. The corresponding quantum mechanical operator with respect to the classical transformation p→e^λ₁p, χ₂→ e^λ₂χ₂, χ₃→e^λ₃χ₃, and χ₄→e^λ₄χ₄ in the state |p,χ₂ ,χ₃ ,χ₄〉is investigated, and the four-mode realization of the SU(1,1) Lie algebra as well as the corresponding squeezing operators are presented.     

A New Prediction for Large Rapidity Gap Events in e+ e- Annihilation

A new approach is proposed to predict large rapidity gap events in e⁺ e^- annihilation. It is based on the mechanism of soft color interaction, which is successful in describing large rapidity gap events in ep collision. It is shown that the ratio of large rapidity gap signal to the background brought by fluctuations is greatly enhanced at appropriate conditions. So the mechanism of soft color interaction can be tested in e⁺ e^- annihilation.     

Cltzster Effect in e+ e- Annihilation

Based on the picture of hadron cluster, some parameters about cluster are obtained in e⁺ e^- annihilation and it is found that the intermittent behavior in e⁺ e^- annihilation is closely related with short-range correlation from hadron cluster.     

Explicit Relations of Physical Potentials Through Generalized Hypervirial and Kramers' Recurrence Relations

Based on a Hamiltonian identity,we study one-dimensional generalized hypervirial theorem,Blanchardlike(non-diagonal case) and Kramers'(diagonal case) recurrence relations for arbitrary x~κ which is independent of the central potential V(x).Some significant results in diagonal case are obtained for special κ in x~κ(κ≥ 2).In particular,we find the orthogonal relation(n_1|n_2) = δ_(n_1n_2)(κ = 0),(n_1|V'(x)\n_2) =(E_(n_1)-E_(n_2))~2〈n_1x|n_2)(κ = 1),E_n =(n/V'(x)x/2|n) +(n|V(x)|n)(κ = 2) and-4E_n(n|x|n) +(n|V'(x)x~2\n〉 +4〈n|V(x)x|n〉 = 0(κ = 3).The latter two formulas can be used directly to calculate the energy levels.We present useful explicit relations for some well known physical potentials without requiring the energy spectra of quantum system.     

The Friction and Diffusion Coefficients with Maxwellian Scatters

The Fokker-Planck coefficients for Coulomb interaction, or the friction coefficient (Δυ_α) (the average change in velocity) and the diffusion coefficient (Δυ_αΔυ_α), are evaluated by an appropriate variable change technique. This approach reduces the five-fold integral expressions of the Fokker-Planck coefficients to one-fold integral without meeting the divergence difficulties. A new Debye cutoff parameter Δυ_αmin, instead of the customary θ_min cutoff avoids the error incurred through the customary neglecting of velocity dependence of the Coulomb logarithm. The dominant terms of the new results are similar to Chandrasekhar's results. A non-dominant term, which can exceed the dominant one in the case of υ_α² > υ_βt²lnA is added for (Δυ_α||²).     

Chiral Extension of Standard Model and Rc,Rb Problems

The deviations of R_c, R_b fiom the standard model are discussed within our theory, the cbiral extension of standard model and its supersymmetrization. Combining R_c, R_b with the coupling constants gv, gA of Z⁰ decay, Γ(W⁺ → e⁺υ_e) of W⁺ and the Michel parameters p_γ of γ decay, the mixing angles between hadronic and leptonic quarks and the form factors of the leptonic axial currents are determined within experimental errors, from which it is found that the mass of down leptonic quark of the third generation is about twice the mass of top quark.     

On the conventional QED interpretation of the GSI ee narrow resonances

A possible mechanism for the GSI e⁺e^- narrow resonances as being due to non-perturbative effects of conventional QED is proposed. An application of the quasi-potential approach discloses a set of new resonances in a system of two charged particles. Numerical calculations agree with data on e⁺e^- and pp narrow resonances. Additional new resonances are predicted for e⁺e^-, pp, e^-e^- systems.     

水热法制备的Li4-3xEux(MoO4)2微晶及其发光性能

采用水热法制备了Li_4-3xEu_{x(MoO4)2系列红色荧光粉.通过X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM )和荧光分析(FL)对产物的微结构、形貌和发光性能进行表征分析.XRD分析表明,制备的Li4-3xEux(MoO4)2微晶均为白钨矿四方结构.SEM结果显示:随着x的增大,Li4-3xEux(MoO4)2微晶的晶粒尺寸相应减小,在0.2~0.5 μm之间变化.荧光分析结果表明:源于Eu³⁺的⁵D0→⁷F2和⁵D0→⁷F1电荷转移的592 nm和614 nm的特征发射峰显现明显,后者的发射强度远远大于前者.随着x的增大,样品中Eu³⁺的两个特征发射峰的强度先增大后减小,在x=1.0时达到最大.}     

ZnAl2O4：Tb3+荧光粉的合成、结构及其光学性能研究

通过溶胶-凝胶法制备出不同Tb³⁺掺杂浓度和不同二次煅烧温度下的ZnAl₂O₄:Tb³⁺荧光粉, 并利用X射线衍射(XRD)和荧光光谱等对样品进行了表征。由XRD结果可知,当Tb³⁺掺杂的摩尔分数不大于9%,二次煅烧温度在600℃以上时,所得粉体为结晶性良好的尖晶石相。在紫外光激发下,ZnAl₂O₄:Tb³⁺荧光粉的发射光谱由位于488 nm(⁵D₄→⁷F₆)、542 nm(⁵D₄→⁷F₅)、587 nm(⁵D₄→⁷F₄ )和621.5 nm(⁵D₄→⁷F₃)的4个发射峰组成。研究发现,Tb³⁺的掺杂浓度和二次煅烧温度对样品发光强度有着重要影响,当Tb³⁺的摩尔分数为5%,二次煅烧温度为900℃时,ZnAl₂O₄:Tb³⁺荧光粉的发光最强,继续增加Tb³⁺掺杂浓度或提高煅烧温度,分别会出现浓度猝灭和温度猝灭现象。     

稀土掺杂的NaGdF4上转换发光材料的合成与发光特性研究

采用水热法制备了一系列不同掺杂浓度的NaGdF₄:Re(Re=Tm³⁺,Er³⁺,Yb³⁺)上转换发光粉。通过X射线衍射(XRD)、电子扫描电镜(SEM)和上转换发射光谱对样品进行了表征。XRD研究结果表明:合成的样品均为六方结构NaGdF₄。估算的平均晶粒尺寸为41~43 nm。在980 nm红外光激发下,Er³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉发出分别来自于Er³⁺离子²H_{11/ 2},⁴S_3/2→⁴I_15/2跃迁的绿光和⁴F_9/2→⁴I_15/2跃迁的红光发射,Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉发出分别来自Tm³⁺离子的¹G₄→³H₆跃迁的蓝光、¹G₄→³F₄和³F_2,3→³H₆跃迁的红光和³H₄→³H₆跃迁的近红外光发射。Er³⁺,Tm³⁺和Yb³⁺共掺杂的NaGdF₄发光粉的发光强度及红、绿、蓝光发射的相对强度受Yb³⁺离子掺杂浓度的影响。对样品中可能的上转换发光机制进行了讨论。计算的色坐标显示:可通过改变掺杂离子浓度对上转换发光的颜色进行调控。     

Study on the Effects of the Light CP-odd Higgs via the Leptonic Decays of Pseudoscalar Mesons

To explain the anomalously large decay rate of Σ⁺→p+μ⁺μ^-, it was proposed that a new mechanism where a light CP-odd pseudoscalar boson of m_A1⁰=214.3 MeV makes a crucial contribution. Later, some authors have studied the transition π⁰→ e⁺e^- and r → γA₁⁰ in terms of the same mechanism and their result indicates that with the suggested mass one cannot fit the data. This discrepancy might be caused by experimental error of Σ⁺→ p+μ⁺μ^- because there were only a few events. Whether the mechanism is a reasonable one motivates us to investigate the transitions π⁰→ e⁺e^-;η(η')→ μ⁺μ^-; η_c→ μ⁺μ^-; η_b→τ⁺τ^- within the same framework. It is noted that for π⁰→ e⁺e^-, the standard model (SM) prediction is smaller than the data, whereas the experimental central value of η→μ⁺μ^- is also above the SM prediction. It means that there should be extra contributions from other mechanisms and the contribution of A₁⁰ may be a possible one. Theoretically calculating the branching ratios of the concerned modes, we would check if we can obtain a universal mass for A₁⁰ which reconcile the theoretical predictions and data for all the modes. Unfortunately, we find that it is impossible to have such a mass with the same coupling |gl|. Therefore we conclude that the phenomenology does not favor such a light A₁⁰, even though a small window is still open.     

用同步辐射研究掺Tb3+氟化物K2GdF5的光谱和Gd3+-Tb3+能量传递

对比了不同激发波长下水热法合成的K2GdF5:Tb3+(摩尔分数0.5％)单晶材料的光致发光谱线;监测了5 D3→7F6和5 D4→7 F5的激发谱,给出了几组窄带吸收和3个宽带吸收;分析表明窄带发射为Gd3+的8 S7/2→6FJ、8S7/2→6GJ、8S7/2→6DJ、8S7/2→6IJ的跃迁,宽带发射为Gd3+的...     

水溶性β-NaY(Gd)F4:Yb3+/Er3+纳米棒的水热合成及生物偶联

以聚乙烯亚胺(PEI)为表面活性剂,采用水热合成法,制得了表面氨基修饰的水溶性β-NaY(Gd)F₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺纳米棒,并对β-NaY(Gd)F₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺上转换纳米棒的制备方法、条件等进行了考察.结果表明,当Gd³⁺的引入摩尔分数为40%时,200 ℃下反应8 h即可获得纯β-NaY(Gd)F₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺纳米棒.利用X射线粉末衍射仪(XRD)、扫描电子显微镜 (SEM)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)、荧光光谱(PL)对样品的结构、形貌及光谱特性进行了表征.结构和形貌分析结果表明,制得的样品为单相β-NaY(Gd)F₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺纳米棒,纳米棒的截面粒径约为40 nm,平均长度约为210 nm.在980 nm波长激发下,样品的上转换发光光谱中出现了4个发射中心位于407,529,546,660 nm的发射带,分别对应于Er³⁺离子的²H_9/2→⁴I_15/2、²H_11/2→⁴I_15/2、⁴S_3/2→⁴I_15/2和⁴F_9/2→⁴I_15/2跃迁.采用戊二醛法,使β-NaY(Gd)F₄:Yb³⁺/Er³⁺上转换纳米棒表面的氨基与牛血清蛋白(BSA)分子中的氨基成功偶连在一起.利用紫外光谱分析(UV)和考马斯亮蓝法,对二者的偶联进行了证明.     

Associated Productions of HZZ and HHZ at Linear Colliders in Large Extra Dimension Model

In this paper we investigate the effects of the large extra dimensions on the two processes e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰ and e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰ at linear colliders in both unpolarized and polarized collision modes. We find that the virtual Kaluza-Klein graviton exchange can significantly enhance the cross section from their standard model expectations for these two processes. The results show that the LED effect on the process e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰ allows the observation limits on the effective scale M_S to be probed up to 9.75 TeV and 10.1 TeV in the unpolarized and +-(λ_e⁺=1/2, λ_e^-=-1/2) polarized beam collision modes (with P_e⁺=0.6, P_e^-=0.8), respectively. For the process e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰, these limits on M_S can be probed up to 6.06 TeV and 6.38 TeV in the unpolarized and polarized collision modes separately. We find that the λ_e⁺=1/2, λ_e^-=-1/2 polarization collision mode in both process e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰ and e⁺e^-→ H⁰Z⁰Z⁰ may provide a possibility to improve the sensitivity in probing the LED effects.     

Mn2+离子掺杂的NaTaOGeO4:Tb3+的发光性能

采用高温固相法制备了颜色可调的NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺,Mn²⁺荧光粉,并研究了其发光特性以及能量传递机理。在244 nm激发下,NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺的发射光谱的发射峰分别位于380,413,436,492,544 nm,分别属于Tb³⁺的⁵D₃→⁷F_J和⁵D₄→⁷F_J（J=6,5,4）能级跃迁,为蓝光和绿光发射。在280 nm波长激发下,在492 nm和544 nm处有较强的发射峰,分别属于Tb³⁺的⁵D₄→⁷F₆、⁵D₄→⁷F₅能级跃迁,为绿光发射。在248 nm波长激发下,NaTaOGeO₄∶Mn²⁺的发射光谱由位于576 nm处的宽带组成,属于Mn²⁺的⁴T₁→⁶A₁能级跃迁。当在NaTaOGeO₄∶Tb³⁺荧光粉中共掺杂Mn²⁺时,可以同时观察到Mn²⁺和Tb³⁺的发射峰,通过改变浓度掺杂比,可以得到颜色可调控的荧光粉。