高速逆流色谱研究进展

综述了近年来高速逆流色谱（HSCCC）在分析、半制备和制备分离天然产物、蛋白质、抗生素、无机物等领域的研究和应用进展,总结了适用于HSCCC的溶剂体系,并展望了HSCCC与质谱联用、pH区带逆流色谱和离子对逆流色谱新技术的应用前景。     

亲和膜色谱技术研究进展

对一种崭新的生物大分子分离技术－－亲和膜色谱技术做了全面的评述,介绍了亲和膜色谱分离的过程,评价了亲和膜基质材料活化、改性方法、给出了配基间隔臂的选择原则,概括了亲和膜色谱理论研究的进展,并对亲和膜色谱技术进行了展望。     

逆流色谱技术分离蛋白质和多肽的研究进展

逆流色谱是一种连续高效的液-液分配色谱技术,具有进样量大、无不可逆吸附、回收率高和能有效保护样品生物活性等优点,在蛋白质和多肽的分离中具有独特的优势。本文综述了近年来几种新型的逆流色谱技术在蛋白质和多肽分离中的研究进展,并对该领域的未来发展进行了展望。     

Recent Advances in Aqueous Gel Permeation Chromatography

Abstract

The recent literature on aqueous gel permeation chromatography is reviewed. The chromatography of charged and uncharged solutes has been considered. A major emphasis has been to document the newer types of column packings for use in aqueous systems and their typical applications.     

模拟移动床色谱技术研究进展

根据模拟移动床色谱技术的发展历程,对其工艺研发,包括异步切换模拟移动床和间歇式模拟移动床等新型操作工艺,以及模拟移动床色谱反应器等进行了综述。总结了近几年模拟移动床色谱技术在手性化合物拆分和糖醇分离中的应用研究进展;展望了模拟移动床色谱的研究方向和发展趋势。     

螯合离子色谱的研究进展

 讨论了近 10年来发展较为活跃的螯合离子色谱 (CIC)的原理及其系统组成和分析流程 ,高效螯合离子色谱(HPCIC)的原理 ,高效螯合固定相的类型、应用范围及优缺点等 ,其中包括化学键合、永久涂敷或动态涂敷的高效螯合固定相 , 5 3篇。     

亲和色谱纯化蛋白质新进展

通过对３５篇文献的综述,介绍了亲和色谱技术的新进展     

气相色谱中的衍生试剂及新进展

硅烷化试剂,烷基化试剂,酰基化试剂,缩合反应试剂等是气相色谱中常用的几种主要衍生试剂,本文对这几类常用的衍生试剂及新进展作了较为全面的阐述。     

Plant Hormone Analysis by Countercurrent Chromatography

Abstract

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) has been successfully applied for the separation of plant hormones; namely, indole auxins, gibberellins, cytokinins and abscisic acid. In our present study three different types of CCC devices were evaluated for their performance in separation of plant hormones with a special emphasis on analysis and purification of abscisic acid (ABA). A large-scale preparative CCC apparatus consisting of a slowly rotating coil assembly was used for preliminary separations of ABA from a large volume of crude plant extracts. The toroidal coil planet centrifuge (CPC) for analytical-scale separations was subsequently applied for purification of ABA, the final confirmation being obtained by HPLC and combined gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric method. This two-step procedure utilizing preparative CCC and toroidal CPC was successfully applied for determination of ABA content in several plant tissues. A recently introduced high-speed CCC apparatus was tested for semipreparative separation of ABA and indole-3-acetic acid. The method yielded high peak resolution within 2 hours.     

高效液相色谱用硅质填料的进展

 对高效液相色谱用硅质填料的进展情况做了全面的评述。介绍了硅质填料的制备及化学修饰 ,评价了硅胶表面的物理表征 ,概括了硅质填料在高效液相色谱中的应用 ,并对我国的硅质填料前景进行了展望。     

pH区带逆流色谱研究进展

pH区带逆流色谱是在逆流色谱基础上发展起来的一种新型制备型分离技术。利用物质解离常数和疏水性的不同进行分离,具有分离量大、分离效果好等优点,应用领域比较广泛;简单介绍了该技术的分离原理及分类,并对该技术在氨基酸衍生物、肽衍生物、染料、生物碱和异构体等分离纯化中的应用及其改进方向进行了较为全面的总结,展望了其发展前景。     

色谱在天然产物活性物质筛选中的应用

高效的活性筛选方法是新活性物质发现的关键。从筛选活性物质的角度,综述了近年来薄层色谱、高效液相色谱在天然产物活性物质筛选方面应用中的最新研究进展及其发展前景。共引用文献30篇。     

Separation of S-Triazine Herbicides by Countercurrent Chromatography

Abstract

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) has been successfully applied for the separation of four chlorinated s-triazine derivatives, namely, simazine, atrazine, propazine, and trietazine, which are widely used as herbicides. Of several solvent systems investigated, n-hexane-ethyl acetate-methanol-water (8:2:5:5) gave the best range of the partition coefficient values because of the satisfactory solubility for all samples and therefore was used for the separation of s-triazines. Two types of countercurrent chromatographs, high speed CCC, and horizontal flow-through coil planet centrifuge, were used for s-triazines separation, and the identity of the separated fractions was unequivocally established by mass spectrometry. The potential practical application of CCC to herbicide analysis is discussed.     

逆流溶质出峰顺序的预测

 根据逆流保留方程可知,溶质的出峰顺序主要取决于其在互不混溶的两液相间分配系数的大小顺序。以饱和及不饱和脂肪酸乙酯、2,4 二硝基苯胺基脂肪醇和对硝基苯基葡萄糖甙等结构较为简单、极性差别较大的溶质系列为研究对象,应用修正的通用基团活度系数(UNIFAC)(Dortmund)模型,通过相平衡计算,预测了它们在含水或不含水的溶剂体系中分配系数的变化趋势,并与前人的工作进行了对比。结果表明,由该方法预测出的相似结构溶质分配系数的顺序基本上与实验值相同,其中对饱和脂肪酸乙酯在己烷 乙腈(体积比为1∶1)体系中分配系数的预测最好。     

The Efficiency of Substance Separation in Countercurrent Liquid Chromatography

The effect of hydrodynamic parameters and the specific features of instrument design on the efficiency of substance separation in countercurrent liquid chromatography (CCC) was studied using a constant retention factor of the stationary phase in the column. The study was conducted with the separation of benzyl alcohol and p-cresol in a two-phase liquid system heptane–ethyl acetate–methanol–water (1.4 : 0.6 : 1 : 1) in as an example. It was shown that the peak resolution is improved with an increase in the rotational speed of the column and a decrease in the flow rate of the mobile phase. The best peak separation was attained using columns for which the ratio of the column rotation radius to the radius of column revolution was 0.615. It was shown that countercurrent chromatography allows the separation of substances with low partition constants (K < 1) in dilute solutions. The volume of the test sample may be up to 15% of the total volume of the chromatography column.     

Foam Countercurrent Chromatography Based on Dual Counter-Current System

Abstract

A novel method of performing foam separation is described. The method utilizes a gas-liquid dual countercurrent flow through a helical column subjected to a particular type of synchronous planetary motion. Samples introduced at the middle portion of the column, in either batch or continuous mode, are separated according to the foam affinity. Any material having an affinity to the foam is quickly carried with the foaming stream and eluted through one end of the column whereas other materials are carried with the liquid stream in the opposite direction and eluted out through the other end of the column. Capability of this foam countercurrent chromatographic method is demonstrated on separations of rhodamine B and Evans blue with an anionic surfactant, SDS, as a collector of rhodamine B. Successful preliminary separation of protein samples, BSA and sheep hemoglobin, indicates that the present method may be effectively applied to separation and purification of various biological samples such as enzymes, membrane receptors, etc.     

Separation of Pesticides and Impurities by Countercurrent Chromatography

Abstract

Countercurrent chromatography (CCC) was chosen for study as an isolation technique for pesticides and the impurities found with them, because its high capacity makes possible comparatively large batches of purified materials and because its mild operating conditions minimize the danger of degradation during the separation. Technical grade fenthion, an organophosphorus insecticide, showed traces of six impurities. The principal one found in an analytical standard fenthion was identified as 3-methyl-4-(methylthio)anisole, well separated from the fenthion. The n-octyl ester of the herbicide 2,4,5-T was easily separated from the methyl ester impurity.     

薄层色谱在高速逆流色谱溶剂系统选择过程中的应用

本文对薄层色谱在高降流色谱的溶剂系统选择过程中的应用进行了研究，发现根据薄层色谱的斑点色度可以观察样品中各组分的含量差别及其在两相溶剂中分配系数间的差异，由此来判断溶剂系统的适用性，并确定哪一层适宜作流动相。     

高速逆流色谱分离同分异构体

应用高速逆流色谱法对同分异构体的分离纯化进行研究。实验结果表明,以正己烷-乙酸乙酯-水(体积比为1∶10∶10)为两相溶剂系统,上相为固定相,下相为流动相,进行二次高速逆流色谱分离,可从茶多酚中分离出g级的儿茶素同分异构体——(-)-表没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(EGCG)和(-)-没食子儿茶素没食子酸酯(GCG),其高效液相色谱纯度均在98%以上。选择四氯化碳-氯仿-甲醇-水(体积比为7∶3∶7∶3)为溶剂系统,下相为固定相,上相为流动相,经一次高速逆流色谱即可将药物中间体溴代苯胺同分异构体进行有效的分离。