干涉条纹自动计数系统的设计与研制

利用集成电路芯片结合光敏晶体管等器件设计并成功制作了一种自动化测量的干涉条纹计数仪器,以实现干涉条纹的自动测量、可逆计数显示等功能。设计方案包括基于光敏晶体管RPM-075PT获取光电信号,以集成电路ST288A准确判别干涉条纹的凹进冒出方向以反映等厚或等倾干涉中光程的变化情况,使用集成电路ICM7217A进行条纹可逆计数。进一步的,使用自带整形滤波功能芯片ST288A以简化方向判别电路及提高抗干扰能力。最后,实验测试结果表明本计数器全面满足干涉条纹的计数要求,可取代人工观测条纹计数,可广泛应用于高校实验、企业检测等应用干涉条纹计数的场景中。     

基于Arduino单片机的双光纤双向干涉条纹计数器

介绍了一种基于Arduino单片机的双光纤双向干涉条纹计数器.该装置可根据干涉条纹的涌出和陷入实现条纹的双向计数.在干涉法测量金属热膨胀系数实验中,使用此计数器对条纹计数,具有成本低廉、操作简易、计数精度高、抗干扰能力强、反应时间短等优点.     

基于Matlab的迈克尔逊微小位移测量

传统迈克尔逊干涉条纹人工计数,测量方法稳定性差,人为误差较大。现提出一种基于CCD进行干涉条纹采集,利用Matlab中Waved Ruler（波尺）对干涉条纹进行图像处理。根据干涉条纹明暗周期性变化,通过对干涉条纹去背景噪声、二值化阈值滤波、去小噪声、条纹优选等步骤,对干涉条纹处理并计数,从而测得物体微小位移。实验结果表明,该方法优化了迈克尔逊干涉法测物体微小位移,测量最小误差达到0.4%,减小测量过程中的误差,提高测量稳定性。     

干涉条纹可逆计数的控制信号处理

干涉条纹可逆计数的控制信号处理杨庆芬（石家庄铁道学院基础部０５００４３）《物理实验》１９９２年第２期刊发了许祖华等同志“干涉条纹可逆计数系统”．文中利用计算机处理双光纤束装置的输出信号，做成了干涉条纹可逆计数系统，解决了一般光电接收器只记录条纹的数量...     

干涉条纹大数计数软件新方法及其实现

提出了一种根据干涉条纹信号过上升沿与下降沿阈值计数的异同及其起始和结束位置幅值判断的软件大数计数新方法,解决了在干涉条纹信号开始和结束位置可能出现±1计数误差的问题,进行了实现新计数方法的干涉测量实验。实验结果表明了该软件大数计数新方法的正确性。     

等倾干涉条纹的采集与处理

迈克尔逊干涉仪是测量微小长度的精密仪器。实验中,测量等倾干涉条纹个数是重要环节。为了实现单片机自动计数,对干涉条纹的采集和处理是前提条件。本文详细介绍了等倾干涉条纹,以及对它的采集与处理方法。     

迈克耳孙干涉条纹细分和计数

当两相干光附加一按固定频率变化的相位差时,其干涉条纹的光强将随之交变,即为相位调制干涉,用相敏检波等电信号处理手段,可实现这种干涉条纹高精度、高稳定性的计数和细分。     

干涉条纹可逆计数系统

干涉条纹计数器在物理实验和光纤传感器中有广泛的应用,但一般的光电接收器只能记录条纹的总变化,而不能判断条纹移动的方向和移动的条数,这给一些应用带来了一定的困难。我们设计了一种干涉条纹可逆计数系统,既可以知道条纹变化多少,也可知道条纹移动的方向。     

利用计数装置来记录迈克尔孙干涉仪干涉条纹的变化数

利用计数装置来记录迈克尔孙干涉仪干涉条纹的变化数杨蓉，朱桂荣，屠传士（苏州大学物理系２１５００６）精密测量长度常用的方法是将待测长度和激光波长作比较，通过干涉条纹计数求待测长度．利用迈克尔孙干涉仪得到干涉图，用感光元件把光学信号变成电信号并与其他电子...     

相位调制全光纤Mach-Zehnder干涉仪传感实验

使用单模石英光纤设计了相位调制全光纤M-Z干涉仪传感实验系统,采用CCD技术显示干涉条纹的空间分布及其移动情况,同时利用光电检测及可逆计数技术实现移动条纹的自动计数.利用该系统进行了光纤温度传感、光纤应变传感原理性实验测试.     

基于FPGA的PLC并行执行定时器/计数器的设计

针对ARM+FPGA构建的PLC系统,分析PLC对定时器/计数器的功能需求,设计了可以并行执行的定时器/计数器,构建的定时器/计数器共用一个端口读写控制器与FPGA中央控制器进行数据通信,定时器/计数器内部工作是相互独立的,能够并行的工作,并通过使用地址映射存储器使得定时器/计数器的指令执行更加高效。对中央控制器与定时器/计数器的通信时序和通信格式进行了设计,方便了中央控制器对定时器/计数器的控制与测试。通过仿真测试,该定时器/计数器能够满足PLC定时器/计数器的基本功能,并且达到了稳定的定时/计数的设计要求。     

BES实验数据离线刻度

概述了北京谱仪(BES)各子探测器的实验离线数据刻度,包括主漂移室、飞行时间计数器、簇射计数器和μ子鉴别器.给出了BES1994年D_s运行期间的探测器运行性能,以及数据质量情况.     

光学尘埃粒子计数器自动校正的实现

光学尘埃粒子计数器是利用尘埃粒子在强光照射下产生散射光,通过检测散射光强度设计而成,仪器接收灵敏度的稳定性是保证测量准确度的关键。提出了一种尘埃粒子计数器实现自动校正的方法,使仪器始终处于定标时的接收灵敏度。     

模糊对向传播网络数据融合目标识别方法

重点研究了模糊对向传播网络 (FCPN)模型。针对数据融合和目标识别的特点 ,提出了基于模糊对向传播网络的融合目标识别方法和改进的模糊对向传播网络 (MFCPN)融合结构。利用仿真数据对网络的训练算法和融合结构进行了实验研究。结果表明 ,模糊对向传播网络较误差后向传播网络 (BPN)能够有效地实现融合识别 ;改进的模糊对向传播网络融合结构是可行的。同时还对FCPN和MFCPN应用于前视红外 (FLIR)和可见光摄像机目标跟踪系统进行了应用研究。     

一种新型迈克尔逊干涉仪条纹计数器的设计

设计了一种简便的能自动适应不同背景光强的新型迈克尔逊干涉仪条纹计数器。利用光敏电阻将条纹的变化转化为电信号,同时检测出背景光,并利用减法器去掉背景,经施密特触发器整形后,送入单片机计数并显示。实验证明,本计数器原理简单,可以适应不同的背景光强,具有精确度高、操作简便可靠等优点。     

A dual-detector extended range rem-counter

The design and characterization of a dual-detector spherical rem counter is discussed in this paper. The rem counter is based on a polythene sphere with lead and cadmium insets, designed to host at its centre either an active (³He SP9 proportional counter) or a passive (CR39 + ¹⁰B radiator) thermal neutron detector. Its sensitivity ranges from thermal energies up to 1 GeV.A Monte Carlo characterization of this dual-detector rem counter has shown no significant change in the shape of the response curve obtained with the two detectors.The rem counter has been calibrated with a Pu–Be source. An intercomparison in a high-energy neutron field has been carried out at the CERF facility at CERN among the rem counter in the two configurations, two commercial units and the original version of the active LINUS in use at CERN. Both the active and passive versions of the rem counter agree, within the statistical uncertainties, with the CERN LINUS and with the facility reference values.Both versions of the instrument have proved to be capable of measuring the cosmic neutron background, thus providing a nonzero background measurement in environmental monitoring application.     

Low platinum loading PtNPs/graphene composite catalyst with high electrocatalytic activity for dye-sensitized solar cells

Platinum nanoparticles(PtNPs)/graphene composite materials are synthesized by a controlled chemical reduction of H2PtCl6 on graphene sheets.The electrocatalytic activity of a PtNPs/graphene composite counter electrode for a dye-sensitized solar cell(DSSC) is investigated.The results demonstrate that the PtNPs/graphene composite has high electrocatalytic activity for the dye-sensitized solar cell.The cell employing PtNPs(1.6 wt%)/graphene counter electrode reaches an conversion efficiency(η)of 3.89% upon the excitation of 100 mW/cm2 AM 1.5 white light,which is comparable to that of the cell with a Pt-film counter electrode(η=3.76%).It suggests that one can use only 14% Pt content of the conventional Pt-film counter electrode to obtain a comparable conversion efficiency.It may be possible to obtain a high performance DSSC using the PtNPs/graphene composite with a very low Pt content as a counter electrode due to its simplicity,low cost,and large scalability.     

迈克尔逊干涉仪干涉环纹光电计数器的研制

利用干涉环纹明暗交替变化的原理,设计制作了可以用于迈克尔逊干涉仪的干涉环纹计数的光电计数器,利用此仪器可以精确高效地实现干涉环纹的计数,减少了由于人眼进行干涉环纹计数的误差,提高了实验稳定度和精度。我们将制作的干涉环纹光电计数器用于基于迈克尔逊干涉仪的激光波长实验,结果表明采用光电计数器之后,实验精度比裸眼探测明显提高,百分差缩小37.5倍,标准差缩小近3倍。     

Naked singularities in spherically symmetric gravitational collapse: A critique

One of the most important questions in the physics of gravitation phenomena is whether gravitational collapse can lead to the formation of singularities which are not hidden by an event horizon. The Cosmic Censorship Conjecture (CCC) represents the hope that such a drastic event cannot happen in realistic physical situations. However, in the recent past several counter examples to the CCC were demonstrated by several researchers in situations of spherically symmetric gravitational collapse. The disturbing aspect about these counter examples is that they are strong naked singularities—they can crush matter to zero volume and can have a disastrous influence on causal physics. We examine these counter examples for their physical content by working through the dynamical collapse of inhomogeneous dust and argue that these are not physically acceptable counter examples. Our main result is that the singularities when naked are weak and when strong, strongly censored. The strong naked singularities in the counter examples do not arise from dynamical collapse; they result from the intrinsically singular nature of the initial density distributions chosen. The CCC seems to remain robust as far as spherically symmetric collapse is concerned.     

Adsorption of cyanine dyes on AgCl crystals studied by XPS

Adsorption of 3,3'-dimethyl-9-ethylthiacarbocyanine dyes with iodide or bromide counter ions showed two energy states of sulfur in the dye molecule, one is the adsorption state to AgCl substrate and the other occurs when dye molecules aggregated. Though iodide conversion occurred on KI adsorption on AgCl, the counter ion of the dye molecule did not cause halide conversion on adsorption. The counter ion was observed only after the first dye monolayer on AgCl was completed, and increased parallel with adsorbed dye amounts. On Ag-deposited quartz plate monolayer formation occurred only by dye adsorption compared by its counter ion, while only iodine adsorbed in KI adsorption.