Hydroformylation of methyl-3-pentenoate over a phosphite ligand modified Rh/SiO2 catalyst

A phosphite ligand modified Rh/SiO2 catalyst has been developed for hydroformylation of internal olefins to linear aldehydes, which showed high activity and regioselectivity and could be separated easily by filtration after reaction in an autoclave. Effects of reaction temperature and syngas pressure on the performances of the catalyst in the reaction were also investigated.     

Water／Oil Biphasic Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins over a TPPTS-Rh／SiO2 Catalyst

A novel TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst, prepared by directly modifying a heterogeneous high-surface-area Rh/SiO2 catalyst with water-soluble TPPTS ligands, could decrease the resistance of masstransfer in water/oil biphasic media for the hydroformylation of higher olefins. The catalytic performancefor hydroformylation on this biphasic TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst system was higher than those of thetraditional biphasic HRhCO(TPPTS)3 systems, owing to the chemical bonds between the highly dispersedRh metal particles and the TPPTS ligands. The catalyst system is applicable for hydroformylation ofhigher olefins such as 1-dodecene.     

Water/Oil Biphasic Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins over a TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 Catalyst

A novel TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst, prepared by directly modifying a heterogeneous highsurface-area Rh/SiO2 catalyst with water-soluble TPPTS ligands, could decrease the resistance of mass transfer in water/oil biphasic media for the hydroformylation of higher olefins. The catalytic performance for hydroformylation on this biphasic TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst system was higher than those of the traditional biphasic HRhCO(TPPTS)3 systems, owing to the chemical bonds between the highly dispersed Rh metal particles and the TPPTS ligands. The catalyst system is applicable for hydroformylation of higher olefins such as 1-dodecene.     

膦配体修饰的Rh／SiO2用于3-戊烯酸甲酯氢甲酰化反应

制备了膦配体修饰的Rh/SiO2多相催化剂(L-Rh/SiO2),该催化剂在内烯烃氢甲酰化制备正构醛反应中表现出了高活性和高区域选择性,而且在高压釜反应器中可以通过简单的过滤与产物分离.通过使用不同的单齿和螯合双齿膦配体考察了配体的电子及空间效应对L-Rh/SiO2催化剂催化性能的影响。     

Water/Oil Diphasic Hydroformylation of Higher Olefins over a TPPTS-Rh/SiO_2 Catalyst

A novel TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst, prepared by directly modifying a heterogeneous high-surface-area Rh/SiO2 catalyst with water-soluble TPPTS ligands, could decrease the resistance of mass transfer in water/oil biphasic media for the hydroformylation of higher olefins. The catalytic performance for hydroformylation on this biphasic TPPTS-Rh/SiO2 catalyst system was higher than those of the traditional biphasic HRhCO(TPPTS)3 systems, owing to the chemical bonds between the highly dispersed Rh metal particles and the TPPTS ligands. The catalyst system is applicable for hydroformylation of higher olefins such as 1-dodecene.     

Rh/SiO~2和Rh/NaY催化剂上合成气反应的高压原位 红外光谱研究

采用高压原位FT-IR技术,对比研究了CO加H~2反应条件下Rh/SiO~2和Rh/NaY催化剂表面反应中间物种。在Rh/SiO~2表面上,无论在常压还是在1.0MPa合成气中,只观察到线式和桥式吸附CO。而在常压合成气中,Rh/NaY上不仅存在上述CO吸附物种,而且还有孪生型的Rh(Ⅰ)(CO)~2和少量Rh~6(CO)~1~6;当合成气压力升至1.0MPa后,Rh(Ⅰ)(CO)~2迅速转化成Rh~6(CO)~1~6和在2042cm^-^1产生吸收的单核羰基Rh物种,与此同时催化剂表面还生成了单齿和双齿乙酸根物种;这些在高压下生成的物种在合成气压力重新降回到常压时依然稳定存在。研究Rh/NaY上合成气反应表面物种与H~2的反应行为表明单齿乙酸根很可能是反应的活性中间物。这些结果说明Rh/NaY催化剂在高压合成气中的重构是诱发选择生成乙酸反应的基础。     

Phosphorus Ligand Modified Rh/SiO2 Catalyst for Hydroformylation of Methyl-3-pentenoate

A phosphorus ligand-modified Rh/SiO₂ catalyst (L-Rh/SiO₂) has been developed for hydroformylation of internal olefins to linear aldehydes. This catalyst has high activity and regioselectivity and can be separated easily by filtration after reaction in an autoclave. Moreover, the electronic and steric effects of phosphorus ligands on the catalytic performance of the L-Rh/SiO₂ catalyst have been investigated by using various monodentate and chelating diphosphorus ligands.     

金属粒径对锚合膦配体修饰的Rh/SiO_2催化剂氢甲酰化性能的影响

在相同Rh担载量和P/Rh摩尔比的条件下,使用壳型催化剂制备技术制备了具有不同Rh粒径的锚合膦配体修饰的Rh/SiO_2催化剂,以乙烯氢甲酰化反应作为探针反应考察了催化剂的反应性能.结果表明,Rh粒径直接影响催化剂的催化性能:Rh粒径越小,催化剂活性越高,但诱导期越长.通过H2化学吸附、透射电子显微镜、N_2吸附-脱附等温线、原位红外光谱和固体~(31)P核磁共振技术对催化剂进行了表征,结果表明,随着Rh粒径的减小,活性物种铑膦配合物增多,但有效载体面积上的Rh颗粒浓度降低,使膦需要更多的时间和Rh配位形成配合物,从而导致诱导期增长.     

In-Situ FT-IR Investigation Methane to Syngas over of Partial Oxidation of Rh/SiO2 Catalyst

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas （POM） over Rh/SiO2 catalyst was investigated using in-situ FT-IR. When methane interacted with 1.0wt%Rh/SiO2 catalyst, it was dissociated to adsorbed hydrogen and CHx species. The adsorbed hydrogen atoms were transferred to SiO2 surface by ＂spill-over＂ and reacted with lattice oxygen to form surface -OH species. POM mechanism was investigated over Rh/SiO2 catalyst using in-situ FT-IR. It was found that CO2 was formed before CO could be detected when CH4 and O2 were introduced over the preoxidized Rh/SiO2 catalyst, whereas CO was detected before CO2 was formed over the prereduced Rh/SiO2 catalyst.     

Domino‐Hydroformylation/Aldol Condensation Catalysis: Highly Selective Synthesis of α,β‐Unsaturated Aldehydes from Olefins

A general and highly chemo‐, regio‐, and stereoselective synthesis of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes by a domino hydroformylation/aldol condensation reaction has been developed. A variety of olefins and aromatic aldehydes were efficiently converted into various substituted α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes in good to excellent yields in the presence of a rhodium phosphine/acid–base catalyst system. In view of the easy availability of the substrates, the high atom‐efficiency, the excellent selectivity, and the mild conditions, this method is expected to complement current methodologies for the preparation of α,β‐unsaturated aldehydes.     

Product oriented oxidative bromination of methane over Rh/SiO2 catalysts

Rh/SiO2 was prepared for the oxidative bromination of methane. The catalyst was prepared by calcination at different temperatures and for different times to obtain catalysts with different specific surface areas for the purposes of producing either CH3Br or CH3Br and CO. It was found that the catalyst having a low specific surface area (calcined at relatively high temperature) favors the selective oxidation of methane to prepare CH3Br, while the catalyst having a high specific surface area favors the deeper partial oxidation of methane, which is good for CH3Br and CO preparation. The 650 h on stream life-time test revealed that the catalytic performance of the 0.4Rh/SiO2--900-10 catalyst was excellent. Both methane conversion and CH3Br selectivity kept increasing trends during the life-time test. No matter how serious was the Rh leaching during the reaction, the 0.4Rh/SiO2--900-10 catalyst did not deactivate at all.     

Rh—V／SiO2上H2的化学吸附方式

ＣＯ加氢反应机理是许多研究者感兴趣的课题．负载的Ｒｈ是ＣＯ加氢反应的优良催化剂．ＣＯ在Ｒｈ上吸附态的研究已有许多报道［１～７］,而对Ｈ２有关的吸附态的研究却少见报道．Ｗｏｒｌｅｙ等［８］利用高压超纯Ｈ２在２．２％Ｒｈ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３膜上首次观测到Ｒｈ—Ｈ...     

In-Situ FT-IR Investigation of Partial Oxidation of Methane to Syngas over Rh/SiO_2 Catalyst

Partial oxidation of methane to syngas(POM)over Rh/SiO_2 catalyst was investigated using in-situ FT-IR.When methane interacted with 1.0wt%Rh/SiO_2 catalyst,it was dissociated to adsorbed hydrogen and CH_x species.The adsorbed hydrogen atoms were transferred to SiO_2 surface by"spill-over"and reacted with lattice oxygen to form surface -OH species. POM mechanism was investigated over Rh/SiO_2 catalyst using in-situ FT-IR.It was found that CO_2 was formed before CO could be detected when CH_4 and O_2 were introduced over the preoxidized Rh/SiO_2 catalyst,whereas CO was detected before CO_2 was formed over the prereduced Rh/SiO_2 catalyst.     

Rh/SiO_2和Rh/NaY催化剂上合成气反应的高压原位红外光谱研究

采用高压原位FT -IR技术 ,对比研究了CO加H2 反应条件下Rh/SiO2 和Rh/NaY催化剂表面反应中间物种 .在Rh/SiO2 表面上 ,无论在常压还是在 1.0MPa合成气中 ,只观察到线式和桥式吸附CO .而在常压合成气中 ,Rh/NaY上不仅存在上述CO吸附物种 ,而且还有孪生型的Rh(I) (CO) 2 和少量Rh6 (CO) 16 ;当合成气压力升至 1.0MPa后 ,Rh(I) (CO) 2 迅速转化成Rh6 (CO) 16 和在 2 0 42cm-1产生吸收的单核羰基Rh物种 ,与此同时催化剂表面还生成了单齿和双齿乙酸根物种 ;这些在高压下生成的物种在合成气压力重新降回到常压时依然稳定存在 .研究Rh/NaY上合成气反应表面物种与H2 的反应行为表明单齿乙酸根很可能是反应的活性中间物 .这些结果说明Rh/NaY催化剂在高压合成气中的重构是诱发选择生成乙酸反应的基础     

Vapor-phase synthesis of N-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol over Cu/SiO2 catalyst

The Cu/SiO2 catalyst prepared by incipient wetness method exhibited very high activity and selectivity for the vapor-phase synthesis of N-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol. When Cu loading was 0.70 mmol/g-SiO2 and the catalyst precursor was calcined at 500 ℃, 1-butanol conversion reached 99%, and the selectivity of N-butylaniline exceeded 97%.     

Vapor-phase synthesis of V-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol over Cu/SiO2 catalyst

The Cu/SiO2 catalyst prepared by incipient wetness method exhibited very high activity and selectivity for the vapor-phase synthesis of JV-butylaniline from aniline and 1-butanol. When Cu loading was 0.70 mmol/g-SiO2 and the catalyst precursor was calcined at 500 ℃, 1-butanol conversion reached 99%, and the selectivity of JV-butylaniline exceeded 97%.     

Theoretical study of propylene epoxidation heterogeneous-homogeneous mechanism over MoOx/SiO2 catalyst

The green direct propylene (C₃H₆) epoxidation on MoO_x is well studied by experimental methods, but detailed molecular reaction mechanism studies using in-silico experiments method are few. Here, the different oxidation heterogeneous-homogeneous pathways for MoO_x/SiO₂ catalyst are calculated, mainly involving Mo=O on di-oxo tetracoordinate MoO_x, allyl peroxy (C₃H₅OO•), and allyloxy (C₃H₅O•) radicals. The results show that, for surface reaction mechanism with Mo=O, the barriers of propylene oxide (PO) and acetone generation are too high; in comparison, the byproduct acrolein is more beneficial product with a lower barrier. In heterogeneous-homogeneous pathways, the desorbed allyl (C₃H₅•) from the surface can easily combine with O₂ to synthesize C₃H₅OO• radical, and in the partial oxidation of propylene with C₃H₅OO• as an oxidant, PO is more beneficial with a low barrier compared to byproducts such as propanal, acetone, acetaldehyde, etc. These indicate that (a) gas-phase free radical reactions have important effects on PO generation, in which C₃H₅OO• is the main active species; (b) on MoO_x surface, Mo=O is difficult to be used as the active O species for PO production. Further research is needed on other active sites such as Mo-O-Mo or defective sites.     

ZrO2助剂对Co/SiO2催化剂在Fischer-Tropsch合成反应中稳定性的影响

采用TPR、XRD、XPS和H2脉冲吸附等表征手段考察了ZrO2助剂对Co/SiO2催化剂在Fischer-Tropsch(F-T)合成中稳定性的影响。结果表明,ZrO2的引入促进了钴物种在催化剂上的分散并明显抑制了该催化剂的失活;在反应过程中ZrO2起到结构助剂的作用,明显抑制了Co/SiO2催化剂上硅酸钴或水合硅酸钴物种的生成。     

NO在碳纳米管(CNTs),Rh/CNTs,Rh/Al_2O_3上的分解(英文)

甲烷在预还原的ＬａＣｏＯ３催化剂上分解生成碳纳米管（ＣＮＴｓ）。研究了稳态下ＮＯ在ＣＮＴｓ,Ｒｈ／ＣＮＴｓ,Ｒｈ／Ａ１２Ｏ３上的分解,温度区间为５７３Ｋ～９７３Ｋ,原料气为６０００ｐｐｍ的ＮＯ,Ｈｅ为平衡气。程序升温还原结果表明：（１）Ｒｈ的负载显著降低了ＣＮＴｓ的氢吸收量;（２）负载于ＣＮＴｓ上的Ｒｈ比负载于Ａ１２Ｏ３上的Ｒｈ更易还原。在５７３Ｋ时ＮＯ即能与预还原后的ＣＮＴｓ,Ｒｈ／ＣＮＴＳ,Ｒｈ／Ａｌ２Ｏ３中存储的氢反应;随着氢的消耗,反应活性逐渐降低,当储存的氢消耗完后,ＮＯ的直接催化反应发生。在８７３ Ｋ及以上,Ｒｈ／ＣＮＴｓ中的ＣＮＴｓ能彼ＮＯ分解产生的氧氧化为ＣＯ。在９７３Ｋ时,ＮＯ在ＣＮＴｓ上几乎能１００％分解,连续反应１５０ｍｉｎ后其反应活性不降低,且未观察到ＣＯ或ＣＯ２的生成。在９７３Ｋ时ＣＮＴｓ本身可作为ＮＯ分解的催化剂,这是一个非常有意义的结果。     

NiB/SiO2非晶态合金催化剂用于糠醇加氢制四氢糠醇的研究

用化学镀方法制备了负载型NiB/SiO2非晶态合金催化剂,并采用ICP、BET、TEM、XRD等手段研究了NiB在SiO2表面的存在状态及非晶性质。研究了糠醇在该催化剂上加氢制备四氢糠醇的反应行为,考察了反应温度、压力、搅拌速度等因素对催化剂性能的影响。结果表明,在2.0MPa、120℃、550r/min时,糠醇的转化率在99％以上,四氢糠醇的选择性可达100％。在此条件下和骨架Ni的催化性能相当。