Organosulphur compounds : XLVII Alkylation of sulphinic acids by o-alkylisoureas: o-versus s-reactivity and asymmetric synthesis of alkyl sulphinates

The reaction of 0-alkylisoureas with sulphinic acids was found to produce the corresponding sulphones and sulphinates, the latter being predominantly formed. The sulphinate to sulphone ratio is strongly influenced by the kind of alkyl groups in the 0-alkylisourea and appeared to be also dependent on the solvent used. A few optically active sulphinates (e.e. up to 8.1%.) were prepared in the reaction between benzenesulphinic acid and a series of 0-alkylisoureas bearing optically active substituents at the nitrogen atom. A possible reaction mechanism is discussed.     

Synthesis of optically active strigolactones: enzymatic resolution and asymmetric hydroxylation

A synthetic intermediate of an optically active strigolactone analogue was prepared in two ways: enzymatic resolution and asymmetric hydroxylation. The 4-hydroxy tricyclic lactone 4 was enzymatically resolved to give the corresponding enantiomers in an enantiomerically pure state, while the tricyclic lactone 5 was hydroxylated asymmetrically at the 4-position by the action of cytochrome P450 monooxygenase.     

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of optically active atropisomeric anilides through enantioselective N-allylation with chiral Pd-tol-BINAP catalyst

Catalytic asymmetric N-allylation reaction of ortho-tert-butylanilide derivatives with diallyl carbonate proceeds in the presence of tol-BINAP-Pd catalyst to give chiral N-allyl ortho-tert-butylanilides of 32-44%ee in excellent chemical yields (> or = 90%).     

Highly enantioselective synthesis of optically active hydroxyaldehydes using a chiral catalyst

Optically active hydroxyaldehydes arc synthesized in 88–94% e.e. by the catalytic enantioselective addition of dialkylzinc using N,N-dibutylnorephedrine.     

Synthesis of optically active alpha-methylene beta-lactams through lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution

A convenient method for the preparation of the hitherto unknown chiral alpha-methylene beta-lactam derivatives 5a,b is reported. The optically active alpha-methylene beta-lactams 5a-c, and their corresponding amino acids 6a-c have been readily made available through lipase-catalyzed kinetic resolution in high enantiomeric purity (up to 99% ee). The N-substituted beta-lactam derivatives 4a, b and 10 are not accepted by the lipases and were prepared in optically active form by chemical transformation.     

(S)-2-芳基丙酸不对称合成研究进展

对(S)-2-芳基丙酸类非甾体抗炎药光学纯品的不对称合成方法进行了总结和概述，从中反映近年不对称合成中新概念、新方法和新技术的应用。     

Catalytic enantioselective organozinc addition toward optically active tertiary alcohol synthesis

A highly enantioselective organozinc (R₂Zn) addition to a series of aldehydes and ketones was developed based on conjugate Lewis acid–Lewis base catalysis. Optically active secondary and tertiary alcohols were obtained in high yields with high enantioselectivities without Ti(IV) compounds. Bifunctional chiral 3,3′‐diphosphoryl‐BINOL ligands were designed and prepared through a phospho‐Fries rearrangement as a key step. On the other hand, bifunctional chiral phosphoramide ligands were designed and prepared from L ‐valine. Mechanistic studies were performed by X‐ray analyses of Zn(II) cluster and chiral ligands, a ³¹P NMR experiment on Zn(II) complexes, and stoichiometric reactions with some chiral or achiral Zn(II) complexes to propose a transition state assembly that includes monomeric active intermediates. © 2008 The Japan Chemical Journal Forum and Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Chem Rec 8: 143–155; 2008: Published online in Wiley InterScience ( www.interscience.wiley.com ) DOI 10.1002/tcr.20146     

Dynamic kinetic resolution of 2-oxocycloalkanecarbonitriles: chemoenzymatic syntheses of optically active yclic beta- and gamma-amino alcohols

A series of fungi and yeasts have been tested for the stereoselective bioreduction of 2-oxocycloalkanecarbonitriles, 1. The yeast Saccharomyces montanus CBS 6772 yielded the corresponding cis-hydroxy nitriles, 2, in >90% ee and de and in high chemical yields. Through simple and efficient procedures, they were transformed into optically active 2-amino and 2-aminomethyl cycloalkanols.     

A practical enantioselective synthesis of massoialactone via hydrolytic kinetic resolution

An efficient enantioselective synthesis of (R)- and (S)-massoialactone has been achieved. The key steps are the hydrolytic kinetic resolution of a racemic epoxyheptane with (R,R)-(salen)-Co^IIIOAc complex and ring-closing metathesis of homoallylic alcohol derived acrylate esters using Grubb’s catalyst.     

Enzymatic synthesis of optically active 1- and 2-aminoalkanephosphonates

A number of 1- and 2-aminoalkanephosphonates were resolved with high enantioselectivity by Candida antarctica lipase B-catalyzed acetylation. By this method, optically pure aminoalkanephosphonates and amidoalkanephosphonates, the precursors of the corresponding aminoalkanephosphonic acids, were synthesized.     

The synthesis of new optically active 2-methylquinoline derivatives and their application in the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes

Homochiral 2-methylquinoline derivatives have been synthesized and applied in the enantioselective addition of diethylzinc to aldehydes. Good yields and enantiomeric excesses of up to 91.4% were observed in these reactions.     

One-pot enantioselective synthesis of optically active homoallylic alcohols from allyl halides

A one-pot, convenient method for the preparation of optically active homoallylic alcohols from allyl halides was developed. Allyltrichlorosilanes were generated in situ from allyl halides and trichlorosilane in the presence of cuprous chloride and tertiary amine. Without isolation of the allyltrichlorosilanes, benzaldehyde and chiral biquinoline N,N'-dioxide were introduced into the same flask, producing the corresponding homoallylic alcohols with good to high enantioselectivities.     

Palladium-catalyzed enantioselective 1,3-rearrangement of racemic allylic sulfinates: asymmetric synthesis of allylic sulfones and kinetic resolution of an allylic sulfinate

Described is an asymmetric synthesis of cyclic and acyclic allylic S-aryl and S-alkyl sulfones through a highly selective palladium(0)-catalyzed 1,3-rearrangement of racemic allylic sulfinates. Treatment of racemic cyclic and acyclic allylic S-tolyl- and S-tert-butylsulfinates with Pd(2)(dba)(3).CHCl(3) as precatalyst and N,N'-(1R,2R)-1,2-cyclohexanediylbis[2-(diphenylphosphino)benzamide] as ligand for the palladium atom afforded the corresponding isomeric allylic S-tolyl and S-tert-butyl sulfones of 93-99% ee in 82-96% yield. The rearrangement of the allylic sulfinates most likely proceeds in an intermolecular fashion via formation of a cationic pi-allylpalladium complex and the sulfinate ion. The racemic allylic sulfinates were obtained from the corresponding racemic alcohols and racemic tolylsulfinyl chloride and racemic tert-butylsulfinyl chloride, respectively, in high yields. Rearrangement of the racemic tert-butylsulfinic acid 2-cyclooct-1-enyl ester with Pd(2)(dba)(3).CHCl(3) and the bisphosphane was accompanied by a highly selective kinetic resolution of the substrate and gave at 50% conversion the (R)-configured sulfinate as mixture of the S(S) and R(S) diastereomers of 92% ee and 85% ee and the (S)-configured 3-tert-butylsulfonyl cyclooctene sulfone 15a with 98% ee in almost quantitative yields.     

甾体不对称合成的研究 14.两个光学活性甾体CD环合成原的新法合成

光学活性甾体CD环合成原1a和2a可分别从3a和3b制得.我们已从γ-羰基亚砜5合成了光学活性合成原4.本文报道从一个新的成环试剂7b与2-乙基-环戊烷-1,3-二酮反应得到的三酮硫醚8a来合成2b和4. 二噻烷6a经羟乙基化(n-BuLi,CH_2CH_2O,THF)、水解(HgCl_2-CaCO_3,80％ CH_3CN-     

Catalytic asymmetric synthesis of optically active allenes from terminal alkynes

CuBr and ZnI(2) have been developed as catalysts or subcatalysts for the efficient asymmetric synthesis of axially chiral allenols with up to 97% ee from readily available propargylic alcohols, aliphatic or aromatic aldehyde, pyrrolidine, and commerically available ligands. The alcohol unit in the terminal alkynes plays a very important role for ensuring high enantioselectivity via coordination.