Two new compounds from Coriaria nepalensis

Two new compounds,corialins A(1) and B(2) were isolated from Coriaria nepalensis Wall.These new compounds were established as 7-hydroxy-3-[2,3-acetonide-(3-methylbutane)]coumarin(1) and 3-O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-3,4,5-trihydroxy-1-(3- methyl-2-butenyl)-benzene(2),on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR techniques.     

A new fatty ester and a new triterpene from Skimmia laureola

Aerial parts of Skimmia laureola yielded a new fatty ester, (+)-skimmilaureol (1), and a new triterpene 16-29-dihydroxy, 20-ene cyclolaudenol (2). Five known compounds, namely, O-methyl-cyclolaudenol (3), (R)-7-methoxy-6-(3'-hydroxy-2'R-methoxy-3'-methyl butyl)coumarin (4), (+)-(S)-psi-ribalinine (5), (R)-(+)-ribalinine (6) and methyl isoplatydesmine (7), previously isolated from this plant were subjected to enzymatic bioassays for the first time. Compounds 3 and 4 were found to be prolyl endopeptidase inhibitors with IC(50) 8.21 +/- 0.407 and 39.63 +/- 1.502 microM, respectively, while compounds 5-7 were found to be acetyl-cholinesterase and butyryl-cholinesterase inhibitors with IC(50) 62.46 +/- 1.58, 153.31 +/- 1.9, 74.5 +/- 1.05 and 150.04 +/- 0.45, 12.99 +/- 0.31, 78.3 +/- 1.86 microM, respectively.     

Six new andrographolide metabolites in rats

Six new andrographolide metabolites M-5-M-10 were isolated from rat urine, feces, and the contents of the small intestine. Three (M-5-M-7) as sulfate ester compounds were identified as new compounds. The structures of these six metabolites were determined to be 14-deoxy-12(R)-sulfo andrographolide 3-sulfate (M-5), 14-deoxy-12(S)-sulfo andrographolide 3-sulfate (M-6), 14-sulfo isoandrographolide 3-sulfate (M-7), 14-deoxy-11,12-didehydroandrographolide (M-8), isoandrographolide (M-9), and 14-deoxy andrographolide (M-10), respectively, based on chemical evidence and spectroscopic analysis.     

Two new quinones from Iris bungei

Two new benzoquinone derivatives, bungeiquinone (1) and dihydrobungeiquinone (2), and two known derivatives, 3-hydroxyirisquinone (3) and 3-hydroxydihydroirisquinone (4), were isolated from the roots of Iris bungei. The structures of the new compounds were established on the basis of spectroscopic methods.     

Two new homoisoflavonoids from Caesalpinia pulcherrima

Two new homoisoflavonoids, (E)-7-methoxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (1) and (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(3',4',5'-trimethoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (5), along with three known homoisoflavonoids (Z)-7-hydroxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (isobon ducellin) (2), (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(4'-methoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (bonducellin) (3) and (E)-7-hydroxy-3-(2',4'-dimethoxybenzylidene)chroman-4-one (4) were isolated from the whole plant of Caesalpinia pulcherrima. The structures of these new compounds were elucidated by electron impact mass spectrometry (EI-MS) and 1D and 2D-NMR spectral studies. Antimicrobial activity of the new compounds was evaluated.     

Newbouldiaquinone and newbouldiamide: a new naphthoquinone-anthraquinone coupled pigment and a new ceramide from Newbouldia laevis

Newbouldiaquinone (1), a new naphthoquinone-anthraquinone coupled pigment and a new ceramide named newbouldiamide (2), have been isolated from Newbouldia laevis, besides the known compounds lapachol (3), canthic acid, oleanolic acid, 2-methyl-9,10-anthracenedione, 2-acetylfuro-1,4-naphthoquinone, 2,3-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone, 2-(4-hydroxyphenyl)ethyl triacontanoate, beta-sitosterol and beta-sitosterol glucopyranoside. The structure elucidations of the isolated new compounds were performed on the basis of spectroscopic and chemical evidence. Preliminary studies showed that 1 is moderately antibacterial against Gram-positive Bacillus megaterium and that 3 has moderate herbicidal and antibacterial activities.     

A new tricyclic-alpha,beta-unsaturate ketone and a new delta-hexano lactone glycoside from Adenocaulon himalaicum

Two new compounds, a tricyclic-alpha,beta-unsaturate ketone (adenocaulone) (1) and a delta-hexanolactone glycoside (adenocaulolide) (2), along with 10 known compounds 3-12 were isolated from Adenocaulon himalaicum Edgew. Their structures were elucidated by spectroscopic methods (IR, MS, 1H, 13C and 2D NMR). In addition, the antibacterial activity of compounds 2, 3 and 4 were tested.     

Three new phenanthrenes from Monomeria barbata Lindl

<正>Three new monophenanthrene compounds were isolated from an acetone extract of the tubers of Monomeria barbata Lindl. (Orchidaceae).Using spectroscopic methods,the structures of compounds 1-3 were determined as 1,4,7-trihydroxy-2-methoxy- 9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(1),1-(p-hydroxybenzoyl)-2-methoxy-4,7-dihydroxy-9,10-dihydrophenanthrene(2),1,3,8-tri(p-hydroxybenzyl) -4-methoxy-phenanthrene-4,7-diol(3).These compounds showed cytotoxicities on four tumor cell lines(HepG2, HL-60,Skov-3,A431).     

A new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid from Plumulanelumbinis

One new bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid, neferine N-oxide(1), along with three known compounds,neferine(2), liensinine(3), and isoliensinine(4), were isolated from Plumulanelumbinis – the embryo of the seed of Nelumbonucifera. Their structures were elucidated by extensive spectroscopic analysis(MS,UV, IR, NMR), and the absolute configurations were determined by experimental circulardichroism(CD)spectra. Compound 1 is a new naturally occurring bisbenzylisoquinoline alkaloid with an N-oxide functionality, and the CD spectrum of(1R, 1'R) neferine is first reported. The antioxidant activities of compounds 1–4 were evaluated using the ORAC assay, which illustrated that all these compounds showed the different levels of oxygen radical absorbance capacity.     

Three new compounds from the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms

<正>Three new compounds named(2E)-prenyl benzoate-4-O-α-L-arabinopyranosyl(1→6)β-D-glucopyranoside(1),7-methoxy-8- O-β-D-glucopyranosyl coumarin(2),and 3,4'-dihydroxy-3'-methoxy benzenepentanoic acid(3) were isolated from the leaves of Acanthopanax senticosus Harms.The structures of new compounds were determined by means of 2D NMR experiments and chemical methods.     

Structures of new sesquiterpenoids from Farfarae Flos

Two new bisabolane-type sesquiterpenoids, (3R,4R,6S)-3,4-epoxybisabola-7(14),10-dien-2-one and (1R,3R,4R,5S,6S)-1-acetoxy-8-angeloyloxy-3,4-epoxy-5-hydroxybisabola-7(14),10-dien-2-one, and a new oplopane-type sesquiterpenoid, 14(R)-hydroxy-7beta-isovaleroyloxyoplop-8(10)-en-2-one, were isolated from Farfarae Flos along with three known compounds. The structures of these compounds were elucidated on the basis of spectroscopic evidence.     

Three new sesquiterpene hemiacetals from Achillea vermicularis

Three new sesquiterpene hemiacetals, tentatively named as achilleanone (1), vermiculone (2) and vermicularone (3) have been isolated from Achillea vermicularis, along with three other known compounds beta-amyrin, oleonolic acid and beta-sitosterol. The structure elucidation of new compounds was based primarily on two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques including Nuclear Overhauser Effect/Enhancement (NOE), heteronuclear multiple quantum coherence (HMQC), heteronuclear multiple bond correlation (HMBC) and nuclear overhauser effect spectroscopy (NOESY) experiments. Compounds 1, 2 and 3 have displayed inhibitory potential against lipoxygenase enzyme in a concentration-dependent fashion with promising IC50 values.     

Two new epoxysteroids from Helianthus tuberosus

Two new epoxy steroids, 5α,8α-epidioxy-22β,23β-epoxyergosta-6-en-3β-ol (1) and 5α,8α-epidioxy-22α,23α-epoxyergosta-6-en-3β-ol (2), and ten known steroids including (24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6-en-3β-ol (3), (22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,22-dien-3β-ol (4), (22E,24R)-5α,8α-epidioxyergosta-6,9(11),22-trien-3β-ol (5), β-sitosterol (6), sitost-5-en-3β-ol acetate (7), 7α-hydroxysitosterol (8), schleicheol 2 (9), (24R)-24-ethyl-5α-cholestane-3β,5α,6β-triol (10), 7α-hydroxystigmasterol (11), and stigmasterol (12) were isolated from Helianthus tuberosus grown in Laizhou salinized land of coastal zone of Bohai Sea, China. The structures of these compounds were unambiguously established by 1D, 2D NMR and mass spectroscopic techniques. The new compounds 1 and 2 exhibited weak antibacterial activity and no antifungal activity.     

Three new glutarimide alkaloids from Croton cuneatus

Analysis of the dichloromethane extract of the aerial parts of Croton cuneatus led to the isolation of the new glutarimide alkaloids: julocrotol (1), isojulocrotol (2), and julocrotone (3) along with the known compounds julocrotonine (4), lichexanthone (5) and selin-11-en-4alpha-ol (6). The structures of the new compounds were established by spectral methods. The in vitro cytotoxic activity of Compounds 1-6 was evaluated against six human tumor cells lines.     

Two new macrocyclic diaryl ether heptanoids from Boswellia ovalifoliolata

The stems of Boswellia ovalifoliolata BAL. & HENRY (Burseraceae) afforded two new macrocyclic diaryl ether heptanoids, ovalifoliolatin A (1) and B (2) together with three known compounds; acerogenin C (3), 3 alpha-hydroxyurs-12-ene (4), and sitost-4-en-3-one (5). The structures were established by means of spectroscopic analysis and compounds 1, 3-5 were evaluated for their antibacterial activity.     

Three new cholinesterase-inhibiting cis-clerodane diterpenoids from Otostegia limbata

Three new tricyclic cis-clerodane type diterpenoids trivially named as limbatolide A (1), limbatolide B (2) and limbatolide C (3) have been isolated from the roots of Otostegia limbata along with two known compounds; oleanic acid and beta-sitosterol. The structure elucidation of the new compounds was based primarily on two-dimensional (2D) NMR techniques. Compounds 1-3 displayed inhibitory potential in a concentration-dependent manner against acetylcholinesterase (AChE; EC 3.1.1.7) and butyrylcholinesterase (BChE; EC 3.1.1.8) enzymes, respectively.     

A new isorhamnetin glycoside and other phenolic compounds from Callianthemum taipaicum

A new flavonol glycoside together with five known phenolic compounds were isolated from the whole herb of Callianthemum taipaicum. The compounds were identified as isorhamnetin-3-O-α-L-arabinoside-7-O-β-D-glucoside (1), isorhamnetin-3-O-β-D-glucoside (2), dibutyl phthalate (3), (+)-1-hydroxylpinoresinol-4'-β-D-glucoside (4), pinoresinol-4'-O-β-D-glucoside (5) and 2-phenylethyl-β-primeveroside (6). Compound 1 was identified as a new flavonol glycoside. The compound 6 was isolated for the first time as natural product. All compounds were isolated for the first time from the Callianthemum genus. Furthermore, the 2D-NMR data of the four known compounds 2-5 are given for the first time in this paper. All the structures were identified on the basis of detailed spectral analysis. The compounds 1 and 4 exhibited certain antifungal activity.     

Kitungolides A, B, and C, new diterpenes from a soft coral of a new genus

Three novel compounds, designated kitungolides A (1), B (2), and C (3), were isolated from a soft coral of a new genus collected at Kitungamwe, Kenya. The three new compounds are of a unique heterotricyclic skeleton. The structures and relative stereochemistry of the compounds were elucidated by interpretation of MS, COSY, HMQC, HMBC, and NOESY experiments. [structure: see text]     

A new diphenyl ether from Phoma sp. strain, SHZK-2

A new diphenyl ether methyl 2-(2-formyl-3-hydroxy-5-methylphenoxy)-5-hydroxy-3-methoxybenzoate (3), together with four known compounds, asterric acid (1), methyl asterrate (2), 9(Z),12(Z)-nonadecadienoic acid (4) and orsellinic acid (5), were isolated from the Phoma sp. strain SHZK-2, which was isolated from a polluted environment in southern China. The structures of these compounds were determined by spectroscopic methods. Cytotoxicities of compounds against HEPG2 cell and Raji cell lines were preliminarily evaluated by the MTT method.     

Two new megastigmanes from the leaves of Cucumis sativus

Two new megastigmane, cucumegastigmanes I (1) and II (2), together with a known megastigmane, (+)-dehydrovomifoliol (3), and five other known compounds were isolated from the leaves of Cucumis sativus. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated from spectroscopic analysis and their absolute stereochemistries were determined in detail using the chemical conversion and a modified Mosher's method.