N-去甲万古霉素的亲和吸附

通过交联聚丙烯酸甲酯与乙醇胺反应,形成聚(N-羟乙基丙烯酰胺)树脂,在酸催化作用下与环氧氯丙烷反应,形成含有α-羟基氯乙基的树脂.含α-羟基氯乙基的树脂与D-丙氨酸、L-丙氨酸或甘氨酸反应,分别得到含有这3种氨基酸的吸附剂.这3种吸附剂吸附N-去甲万古霉素的结果表明,含D-丙氨酸的吸附剂的吸附量最大,含甘氨酸的吸附剂的吸附量次之,而含L-丙氨酸的吸附剂不吸附N-去万古霉素.说明前两种吸附剂对N-去甲万古霉素存在亲和吸附作用.含D-丙氨酸吸附剂的最佳吸附pH值为5.8,当吸附液中的盐(NaCl)浓度增加时,吸附量降低.用0.4mol/LNa₂CO₃/CH₃CN(摩尔比7∶3,pH=9.5)作为洗脱剂可完全脱附被吸附的N-去甲万古霉素.     

提硼离子交换树脂研究进展

简单介绍了离子交换树脂法提取硼的原理,从葡甲胺、多元醇、糖类、邻-二元酚类不同功能基以及聚苯乙烯、聚丙烯酸酯、无机-有机复合型树脂及天然高分子等不同基质材料的角度综述了提硼离子交换树脂的研究现状,认为葡甲胺是目前使用效果最好的功能基化试剂,而基质材料则各有优缺点.同时对硼离子交换树脂在水处理、环境保护、提取分离等领域的应用进行了概括,并对新型提硼树脂的研究进行了展望.     

氯酚在D301树脂上吸附机理的研究

研究了酸性条件下氯酚在大孔弱碱树脂D301上的吸附机理.研究表明,在一定的吸附质浓度及pH值下,D301树脂对对氯酚和邻氯酚的吸附量与溶液平衡浓度之间存在良好的线性关系,吸附过程类似于固相萃取过程,且分配系数与相应pH值下X射线光电子能谱(XPS)测得的树脂上自由叔胺基团含量呈线性关系.     

L-苯丙氨酸树脂对Cu2+络合性能的研究

研究了经聚苯乙烯氯乙酰树脂(PS-Ace-Cl)制得的PS手性苯丙氨酸树脂(PS-Ace-Phe)对Cu2 的吸附性能,即通过pH、时间、Cu2 浓度等条件的改变,研究了PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附,得到了Cu2 的最佳吸附条件:Cu2 溶液浓度为100 mmol/L,pH为6.0～8.5,吸附时间5h,此时吸附效率可达98%,树脂的最高吸附量为2.03 mmol/g,且不同Phe担载量的树脂对Cu2 的吸附率都可大于90%,PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附可达近1∶1,说明PS-Ace-Phe对Cu2 的吸附属络合作用.同时得到吸附树脂的稳定存在条件:Cu2 溶液浓度为10mmol/L,pH为2.0～8.0时,该树脂对Cu2 的吸附稳定性可达24h.     

PS-TEPA树脂合成及其吸附蛋白质性质

本文以四乙烯五胺与氯乙酰化聚苯乙烯树脂反应合成PS-TEPA树脂。考察了温度、时间、胺用量以及溶剂等合成条件。研究了PS-TEPA树脂吸附牛血清蛋白的条件,包括吸附温度、吸附时间以及蛋白质的用量。结果发现,当以二氯甲烷作分散剂,合成温度为85℃,反应时间为12 h,投料比为32g四乙烯五胺/g树脂条件下,树脂接枝的增重率和氮元素含量最大;当吸附温度为30℃,吸附时间为12 h,牛血清蛋白溶液的浓度为2.0 mg/mL时,PS-TEPA树脂的蛋白吸附量达到80mg/g树脂,吸附回收率为84%。     

高比表面胺基吸附树脂的合成及其性能研究

以具有高比表面积的后交联大孔共聚物为基础,进一步和三甲胺、二甲胺、α-甲基吡啶等有机胺类进行胺化反应,引入功能基,从而制得一类带有离子交换功能的大孔吸附树脂.其物理和化学结构测定证实这类树脂既具有高比表面,又带有一定数量的交换基团.并研究了它们对苯酚和Au(l)的吸附一脱附性能.     

一种羧甲基葡甘聚糖钛凝胶球的吸附性能

用钛交联羧甲基葡甘聚糖制得羧甲基葡甘聚糖钛凝胶球,研究该凝胶球对十二烷基苯磺酸钠(SDBS)的吸附性能。分别探究了吸附时间、p H值、Ti(SO_4)_2浓度、羧甲基葡甘聚糖(CMKGK)浓度、SDBS浓度及温度对吸附的影响。结果表明:Ti(SO_4)_2浓度为2%、CMKGM浓度为2%时制得的凝胶球吸附效果最佳,吸附反应在8h达到平衡,当SDBS溶液的pH值为4、初始浓度为2 000 mg·L~(-1),温度为298K时,凝胶球对SDBS的吸附量达到493 mg·g~(-1),而且吸附量随着SDBS溶液初始浓度的增大而增大。钛交联羧甲基葡甘聚糖凝胶球对SDBS的吸附符合Freundlich等温方程,升高温度不利于吸附。动力学研究表明此吸附遵从准二级动力学方程。     

螯合树脂研究——Ⅴ.巯基胺型螯合树脂的合成其吸附性能

本工作探索了一种合成巯基胺型螯合树脂的新方法.用环硫氯丙烷与多乙烯多胺作用只经一步反应,即可制得交联型巯基胺树脂,树脂中的配位原子氮和硫的含量较高,对贵金属离子金、银、钯具有良好的吸附性能.     

717型阴离子交换树脂吸附L-赖氨酸的特性

通过静态吸附实验,考察了溶液中温度、pH值、氯离子浓度对717型阴离子交换树脂吸附L-赖氨酸的影响,并测定了25℃时的吸附等温线。结果表明:717离子交换吸附L-赖氨酸的吸附率随温度的升高呈略下降的趋势,是个放热过程;随着溶液中氯离子浓度的增大L-赖氨酸的吸附率降低,当氯离子浓度达到1.0mol/L时,吸附率仅20%;从含有L-赖氨酸的L-精氨酸溶液中除去L-赖氨酸,最佳pH值为10.5±0.2;717离子交换树脂吸附L-赖氨酸的最大吸附量为30g/kg。     

胶原-单宁树脂的制备及其对水溶液中UO2+2的吸附特性研究

以天然牛皮为原料,经胃蛋白酶处理制得水解胶原;通过胶原-黑荆树单宁-醛反应制备了胶原-单宁树脂(C-TR)吸附材料,并表征了材料的形貌,测定了材料的比表面积、热变形温度等性质。系统研究了C-TR对水溶液中UO22 的吸附特性。结果表明,C-TR对UO22 有较强的吸附能力。当温度为303K、pH=5.0、UO22 的初始浓度2.5mmol.L-1时,吸附容量达到1.49mmolU/g。升高温度,平衡吸附量增大。pH对吸附容量的影响较大,适宜的pH范围为5.0-6.0。C-TR对UO22 的吸附平衡符合Freundlich方程。吸附动力学可用拟二级速度方程来描述。C-TR对UO22 的吸附基本不受NaCl影响,该吸附材料可望用于海水中铀的富集和分离。     

高容量亚胺基二乙酸型螯合树脂的制备及吸附性能

以甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯(GMA)为单体, 氯甲基化的交联聚苯乙烯树脂(CMCPS)为大分子引发剂, CuBr/2,2'-联吡啶(Bpy)为催化剂, 采用表面引发原子转移自由基聚合(SI-ATRP)技术, 使甲基丙烯酸缩水甘油酯聚合在CMCPS树脂表面, 制得了环氧化聚合物. 将该聚合物与亚胺基二乙酸(IDA)反应, 制备了高容量亚胺基二乙酸型螯合树脂(IDA-PGMA-CMCPS), 用元素分析对其进行了表征. 考察了螯合树脂对Cu²⁺的吸附性能及动力学和热力学参数. 该螯合树脂表面IDA接枝密度达8.15 mg/m². 研究结果表明, 树脂对Cu²⁺的吸附量随离子浓度和温度的升高而增加, 当pH值为2.2时, 对Cu²⁺离子的吸附效果最佳. 树脂的静态饱和吸附容量为1339.66 mg/g, Langmuir和Freundlich方程均呈现良好的拟合度. 通过热力学平衡方程计算ΔG<0, ΔH=270.60 kJ/mol, ΔS>0, 表明该吸附过程是自发、 吸热、 熵增加的过程. 动力学研究结果表明, 准二级动力学方程能较好拟合动力学实验结果, 该过程符合准二级动力学模型.     

水杨酸型螯合树脂对Fe(III)离子的螯合吸附行为

以5-氨基水杨酸(ASA)为胺化试剂, 使氯甲基化的交联聚苯乙烯(CMCPS)微球表面的苄氯基团发生亲核取代反应, 制得了水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS. 研究了该螯合树脂对金属离子的螯合吸附行为, 探讨了其吸附热力学与吸附机理, 考察了介质pH值对树脂螯合吸附性能的影响以及树脂对不同金属离子的螯合吸附能力. 实验结果表明, 水杨酸型螯合树脂ASA-CPS 对重金属离子具有强螯合吸附性能, 尤其对Fe3+离子表现出很强的螯合吸附能力, 常温下吸附容量可达21 g/100 g. 吸附过程属熵驱动的化学吸附过程, 升高温度, 吸附容量增高; 在可抑制金属离子水解的pH范围内, 介质的pH值越高, 螯合吸附能力越强; 对于性质不同的金属离子, ASA-CPS的吸附性能是有差别的, 吸附容量的顺序为Fe3+>Ni2+>Cu2+>Zn2+.     

含双亚砜及3-氨基吡啶螯合树脂的合成、表征及其吸附性能

合成了含双亚砜及3-氨基吡啶的新型螯合树脂,并进行了红外光谱、比表面积、孔径和元素分析表征。研究了不同pH下该树脂对Mn2 、Cd2 、Pb2 、Cu2 、Zn2 、Hg2 等金属离子的静态饱和吸附量以及在pH=6时该树脂对Hg2 的动力学吸附和热力学吸附。实验结果表明,该树脂对Hg2 的吸附量最大,达到0.82mmol/g,对Hg2 吸附属于液膜扩散控制。等温吸附研究表明,该树脂对Hg2 的吸附可用Langmuir方程描述。     

Synthesis of the water-compatible p-acetaminophen resin and its adsorption performances for vanillin in aqueous solution

A novel p-acetaminophen resin(named as GQ-1) was synthesized with chloromethylated polystyrene and p-acetaminophen.It can be used without any wetting process.The objective of this work was to study the adsorption performances for vanillin onto GQ-1 with two kinds of the hydrogen bond site of acetamino group and hydroxyl group.The results showed that the adsorption property of vanillin onto GQ-1 was superior to XAD-4,H103,NDA150,and NDA88.The adsorption capacity of vanillin onto GQ-1 is not greatly discrepant until the solution pH is higher than 5.31.The saturated adsorption quantity of vanillin was up to 141.32 mg/mL(wet resin) according to the dynamic adsorption and desorption experiments at 293 K.The resin could be regenerated by 7 BV ethanol.     

Synthesis of cross-linked chitosan possessing N-methyl-d-glucamine moiety (CCTS-NMDG) for adsorption/concentration of boron in water samples and its accurate measurement by ICP-MS and ICP-AES

A chitosan resin derivatized with N-methyl-d-glucamine (CCTS-NMDG) was synthesized by using a cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material. The N-methyl-d-glucamine (NMDG) moiety was attached to the amino group of CCTS through the arm of chloromethyloxirane. The adsorption behavior of 59 elements on the synthesized resin was systematically examined by using the resin packed in a mini-column, passing water samples through it and measuring the adsorbed elements in eluates by ICP-MS. The CCTS-NMDG resin shows high ability in boron sorption with the capacity of 0.61 mmol ml⁻¹ (= 2.1 mmol g⁻¹). The sorption kinetics of this resin was faster than that of the commercially available resins. Other advantages of the synthesized resin are: (1) quantitative collection of boron at neutral pH regions; (2) complete removal of large amounts of matrices; (3) no loss of efficiency over prolonged usage; (4) effective collection of boron in wide range concentration using a mini column containing 1 ml resin; (5) complete elution of boron with 1 mol l⁻¹ nitric acid. The resin was applied to the collection/concentration of boron in water samples. Boron in tap water and river water was found to be in the range of 6-8 μg l⁻¹. The limit of detection (LOD) of boron after pretreatment with CCTS-NMDG resin and measurement by ICP-MS was 0.07 μg l⁻¹ and the limit of quantification (LOQ) was 0.14 μg l⁻¹ when the volume of each sample and eluent was 10 ml.     

Adsorption equilibrium and heat of phenol onto aminated polymeric resins from aqueous solution

Aminated polystyrene resins (NDA-101 and NDA-103) were synthesized, and their adsorption performances for phenol in aqueous solution were investigated and compared with the commercial polystyrene resin (Amberlite XAD-4) and weakly basic polystyrene resin (Amberlite IRA-96). All the associated adsorption isotherms are well described by Freundlich and Langmuir equations. The results indicated that all the four resins spontaneously adsorb phenol driven mainly by enthalpy change, and their adsorption capacities, free energy changes, enthalpy changes, and entropy changes for phenol followed the same order as: NDA-101 > NDA-103 > XAD-4 > IRA-96. Surface energy heterogeneity analysis by Do's model also suggested that the surfaces of XAD-4 and IRA-96 were more homogeneous, and the better adsorption capacity and affinity of the aminated resins (NDA-101 and NDA-103) are probably due to their multiple hydrogen bonding and π–π stacking interactions with phenol molecule.     

Understanding the Impact of Key Wine Components on the Use of a Non-Swelling Ion-Exchange Resin for Wine Protein Fining Treatment

The impact of key classes of compounds found in wine on protein removal by the ion-exchange resin, Macro-Prep^® High S, was examined by adsorption isotherm experiments. A model wine system, which contained a prototypical protein Bovine Serum Albumin (BSA), was used. We systematically changed concentrations of individual chemical components to generate and compare adsorption isotherm plots and to quantify adsorption affinity or capacity parameters of Macro-Prep^® High S ion-exchange resin. The pH (hydronium ion concentration), ethanol concentration, and prototypical phenolics and polysaccharide compounds are known to impact interactions with proteins and thus could alter the adsorption affinity and capacity of Macro-Prep^® High S ion-exchange resin. At low equilibrium protein concentrations (< ~0.3 (g BSA)/L) and at high equilibrium protein concentrations in model wines at various pH, the adsorption behavior followed the Langmuir isotherm, most likely due to the resin acting as a monolayer adsorbent. The resulting range of BSA capacity was between 0.15–0.18 (g BSA)/(g Macro-Prep^® High S resin). With the addition of ethanol, catechin, caffeic acid, and polysaccharides, the protein adsorption behavior was observed to differ at higher equilibrium protein concentrations (> ~0.3 (g BSA)/L), likely as a result of Macro-Prep^® acting as an unrestricted multilayer adsorbent at these conditions. These data can be used to inform the design and scale-up of ion-exchange columns for removing proteins from wines.     

Functionalization of chitosan with 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid for the adsorption/collection of uranium in water samples and its determination by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry

A chitosan resin derivatized with 3,4-dihydroxybenzoic acid moiety (CCTS-DHBA resin) was newly synthesized for the collection/concentration of trace uranium by using cross-linked chitosan (CCTS) as base material, and the adsorption behavior of uranium as well as 60 elements on the resin was examined by passing the sample solutions through a mini-column packed with the resin. After the elution of the collected elements on the resin with 1 M HNO₃, the eluates were measured by inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS).The CCTS-DHBA resin can adsorb several metal cations and several oxoanionic elements at appropriate pH. Among these metal ions, uranium shows an excellent adsorption behavior on this resin. Uranium as UO₂²⁺ species can be adsorbed on the resin by chelating mechanism with adsorption capacity of 330 mg g⁻¹ resin. Through the column treatment, the complete removal of large amounts of alkali and alkaline earth matrices without any loss of adsorption efficiency over prolonged usage were achieved with this resin.The CCTS-DHBA resin was applied to the adsorption/collection of uranium in tap water, river water and seawater samples with satisfactory results. The validation of the proposed method was carried out by analyzing uranium in the standard reference materials of SLRS-4, CASS-4, and NASS-5 after passing through the CCTS-DHBA resin, and the results showed good agreement with the certified values.     

Removal of boron(III) by N-methylglucamine-type cellulose derivatives with higher adsorption rate

To obtain adsorbents for boron(III) derived from a natural polymer, two forms (powder and fiber) of N-methylglucamine-type cellulose derivatives were newly synthesized. After the graft polymerization of two forms of cellulose with vinyl monomer having epoxy groups, the N-methylglucamine-type cellulose derivatives were obtained by the reaction of the grafted cellulose with N-methylglucamine. The adsorption capacities of the cellulose derivatives for boron(III) were the same levels as that of a commercially available N-methylglucamine-type polystyrene resin. However, the cellulose derivatives adsorbed boron(III) more quickly than the polystyrene resin. The adsorption and desorption of boron(III) with a column method using the cellulose fiber were achieved at a higher flow rate than that using the polystyrene resin. In addition, the boron(III), adsorbed on the cellulose fiber column, was quantitatively recovered with dilute hydrochloric acid in 20- and 200-fold increased concentrations. Consequently, it was found that the cellulose derivatives were superior to the polystyrene resin as adsorbents for boron(III) for treatment of a large quantity of wastewater.     

Synthesis and Chelating Properties of Polystyrene Supported Schiff Base (N,N′-disalicylidenepropylenetriamine) Resin Toward Some Divalent Metal Ions

A new polystyrene-supported Schiff base resin, N,N-bis(salicylidenepropylenetriamine)- aminomethyl polystyrene, has been synthesized through a reaction between the commercially available 4-chloromethyl polystyrene polymer and the Schiff base, N,N′-disalicylidenepropylenetriamine. The chelation behavior of this resin toward the divalent metal ions Cu^{2 +}, Ni^{2 +}, Zn^{2 +}, and Pb^{2 +} in aqueous solutions was investigated. Batch equilibration experiments were carried out as a function of contact time, pH, amount of metal-ion, polymer mass, and temperature. The amount of metal-ion uptake of the polymers was determined by using atomic absorption spectrometry (AAS). Results of the study revealed that the resin exhibited higher capacities and a more pronounced adsorption toward Cu^{2 +} and that the metal-ion uptake follows the order: Cu^{2 +} > Zn ^{2 +} > Ni^{2 +} > Pb²⁺. The adsorption and binding capacity of the resin toward the various metal ions investigated are discussed.