Faraday shield effects on a half-turn loop antenna used for ICRFplasma heating

The characteristics of a half-turn loop antenna having a Faraday shield (used for ion-cyclotron RF plasma heating) have been systematically investigated. The main interest is to clarify the Faraday shield effects on the near-zone electric field distribution. It has been confirmed that, in the presence of the Faraday shield, undesirable field components are sufficiently suppressed, and the heating component E _y, which otherwise is strongly localized as an end effect, has been found to be distributed uniformly along the antenna in the case of a short electric length. It is found that the shielding strips should be uniformly distributed over the entire region around the half-turn loop antenna     

Experimental study of the effect of a longitudinal magnetic field on the cathode parts of a glow discharge in helium

The effect of a longitudinal magnetic field on the electrical and optical properties of negative glow and the Faraday dark space of a glow discharge in helium is experimentally studied at a discharge current J_d=11 mA and a pressure of 100–150 Pa in the discharge chamber. An experimental setup is designed and described. A longitudinal electric field is found to be absent in the region of negative glow and the Faraday dark space in both the presence and the absence of the magnetic field. The magnetic field is shown to decrease the voltage of the glow discharge and to increase the total discharge luminosity and the intensities of some spectral lines by a factor of 10–12. The experimental results are explained.     

Generation of wakefields in a dielectric structure filled with plasma

The effect of plasma on the amplitude of the wakefield excited in a dielectric structure by a relativistic electron bunch train is studied. The structure under study is a dielectric cylindrical waveguide with an axial drift channel filled with plasma. The dependences of the amplitude of a longitudinal electric field on the plasma density are obtained for the following three cases: the parameters of the dielectric structure and bunches are fixed; the inside or outside radius of the dielectric tube changes according a change in the plasma frequency, and the bunch repetition frequency is adjusted to the plasma frequency and the frequency of the first radial mode of a dielectric wave. It is shown that, when the eigenwave frequencies are adjusted to the bunch repetition frequency via a change in the structure radii, the maximum of the accelerating field is determined by a plasma wave, and there is a plasma density range where a dielectric wave significantly contributes to the total field amplitude. In the case of changing the outside radius, this range is substantially wider.     

电场作用下染料掺杂手性向列相液晶器件激光辐射谱研究

研究了电场作用下染料掺杂手性向列相液晶器件激光辐射谱。设计了两种电极结构,分别对正性和负性液晶器件施加横向和纵向电场,采用532 nm的Nd∶YAG脉冲固体激光器泵浦样品。对正性液晶器件施加电场,在 630～660 nm范围获得多波长的激光输出。对负性液晶激光器件施加电场,获得调谐范围为18.5 nm的激光输出。由器件织构和光子禁带的变化,进行了深入的分析。正性液晶器件,在电场力矩与扭曲力矩相互竞争过程中,引起液晶的流动,光子禁带上下浮动,因此不仅在禁带边沿,禁带内也出现激光辐射。而负性液晶器件随着电场强度增大,液晶螺距收缩,禁带蓝移,输出激光波长从681.0 nm蓝移到662.5 nm,出射激光波长为光子禁带边沿处。负性液晶器件在电场作用下的稳定性较好。     

Features of Radiation of Electromagnetic Waves from a Thin Electric Antenna in a Planar Waveguide with Inhomogeneous Filling

We consider the problem of radiation of electromagnetic waves from a thin electric antenna located in a planar waveguide with perfectly conducting walls filled with an inhomogeneous dielectric. Cases where the antenna is fed by a time-harmonic e.m.f. and a bell-shaped impulse signal are analyzed. The current distribution along the antenna, its input admittance, the longitudinal component of the electric field, and the total complex power of the antenna are calculated numerically. We compare the antenna characteristics for waveguides with homogeneous and inhomogeneous filling.     

不同电极结构下大气压Ar等离子体射流的流体模拟研究

采用二维轴对称流体模型对比研究了3种不同电极结构下大气压Ar等离子体射流的基本特性。第一种是带绝缘介质的针电极结构（电场方向和气体流方向平行）,第二种是在第一种电极结构的介质管外增加一个垂直气流方向的接地环电极,第三种是不带绝缘介质的裸针电极结构。研究结果表明,接地环电极的引入对介质管内外的射流传播影响不同。在介质管内,接地环电极使管内表面附近的径向电场增加,电子密度升高,射流传播速度加快,但对中心轴附近的电场和电子密度影响很小;然而在介质管外,接地环电极的引入导致轴向和径向电场均减小,从而引起射流的传播长度减小,射流通道径向收缩。通过带绝缘介质的针电极和裸针电极结构的对比研究发现,保持其他条件不变,去掉包裹在针电极上的介质后,由于等离子体电势升高,电场增加,射流的传播长度几乎增加一倍,峰值电子密度增加近一个数量级,而且在整个射流通道内电子密度都保持相对高的值。此外,对3种电极结构下的主要活性粒子的产生和输运进行了比较研究。     

Conductance of a single-wall carbon nanotube in a one-parameter tight-binding model

The dependence of current-voltage characteristics of single-wall nanotubes on their radius and chirality is studied theoretically. It is shown that the conductance of a single-wall nanotube at low voltages can assume discrete values equal to zero for a dielectric tube and 4(e²/h) for a conducting tube (e is the electron charge, h is the Planck constant). The current-voltage characteristic of a nanotube exhibits kinks related to the discreteness of the electron spectrum. The behavior of the conductance of the nanotube at zero temperature is analyzed in a quantizing longitudinal magnetic field that changes the type of tube conduction. In a magnetic field, the conductance of a dielectric tube at low voltages can assume a value of 2(e²/h) in the region where the tube becomes conducting. In a weak magnetic field, a conducting tube becomes dielectric with an energy gap depending on the magnitude of the magnetic field. The conductance of a carbon nanotube is calculated as a function of the temperature and longitudinal magnetic field.     

基于柔性屏蔽材料混响室的设计与应用

利用柔性屏蔽材料不平整性使屏蔽腔内场环境易于满足各向同性、均匀分布、随机极化统计特征的特点,研究了三种不同柔性屏蔽材料搭建的模式搅拌混响室的可行性。在Z字形搅拌器的作用下通过测量得到低频场均匀性和高频归一化电场的概率密度函数,根据IEC 61000-4-21-2011标准和理想混响室模型验证了所搭建混响室的有效性。在此基础之上,通过实验测量分析了搅拌器转速、天线高度、天线位置对归一化电场概率密度函数(PDF)的影响,并利用所搭建混响室对加载开孔电大金属腔的电磁屏蔽效能进行了测试。研究结果表明利用柔性屏蔽材料搭建混响室具有较好的可行性。     

磁性颗粒膜法拉第转角的研究

在外磁场作用下,复合介质的法拉第磁光效应依赖于颗粒膜电介质张量。而复合介质的电介质张量的计算相当复杂。运用了有效介质近似理论,利用非均匀复合介质的有效电场等于单个颗粒中局域场的平均值的自恰条件,由电介质张量εe方程及自洽条件导出了计算磁性颗粒膜系统磁光法拉第转角的解析公式。并应用导出的关系,以Cu金属颗粒为例,讨论了颗粒膜中金属颗粒含量及对应的基质、离子浓度、颗粒形状对法拉第转角的影响,结果表明,利用有效介质近似理论计算的结果与实验结果一致。     

EAST ICRF天线法拉第屏蔽的电磁分析

法拉第屏蔽是EAST 装置 ICRF天线的一个重要部件。鉴于法拉第屏蔽的结构安全性,通过运用有限元方法和公式对法拉第屏蔽在等离子体破裂和等离子体垂直位移事件两种工况下进行电磁和结构分析,获得了法拉第屏蔽在这两种工况下所受的电磁力、应力分布和变形情况。分析结果满足设计要求,并为法拉第屏蔽的结构安全性评估提供理论依据。     

Excitation of a Nonlinear Load Array on a Perfectly Conducting Shield Covered by a Dielectric

The problem of excitation of a nonlinear load array on a shield covered by a homogeneous dielectric layer is solved by the integral equation method in the case where this array is excited by a periodic source array. The influence of dielectric parameters on the radiation field of the proposed model of a nonlinear phased antenna array is studied numerically for the case where the array of filament-like external magnetic current is located on the shield and the layer surface.     

Radial distribution of plasma density in the positive column of thehigh-current stationary glow discharge

A model is presented which describes the radial distributions of the plasma density, electric potential, current density, and magnetic field in the positive column of a stationary glow discharge not in contact with the longitudinal walls of the discharge chamber. In this model, the compression of the positive column is provided by the azimuthal magnetic field created by the discharge current. The value of, the discharge current is obtained for the case where charged-particle diffusion is balanced by the actions of the radial electric field and the magnetic pinch effect. The radial distributions of plasma parameters are also calculated for the case of high-current glow discharges where charged-particle diffusion can be ignored     

Influence of a centered dielectric tube on inductively coupled plasma source: Chamber structures and plasma characteristics

A high-density RF ion source is an essential part of a neutral beam injector. In this study, the authors attempt to retrofit an original regular RF ion source reactor by inserting a thin dielectric tube through the symmetric axis of the discharge chamber. With the aid of this inner tube, the reactor is capable of generating a radial magnetic field instead of the original transverse magnetic field, which solves the E × B drift problem in the current RF ion source structure. To study the disturbance of the dielectric tube, a fluid model is introduced to study the plasma parameters with or without the internal dielectric tube, based on the inductively coupled plasma(ICP) reactor. The simulation results show that while introducing the internal dielectric tube into the ICP reactor, both the plasma density and plasma potential have minor influence during the discharge process, and there is good uniformity at the extraction region. The influence of the control parameters reveals that the plasma densities at the extraction region decrease first and subsequently slow down while enhancing the diffusion region.     

Analysis of the axial electric field in a plasma-loaded-helix travelling wave tube

A helix type slow wave structure filled with plasma is immersed in a strong longitudinal magnetic field. Taking into account the effect of the plasma and the dielectric, the system is separated radially into three regions. By means of the sheath model and Maxwell equation, the distribution of the electromagnetic field is established. Using the boundary conditions of each region, the dispersion relation of the slow wave structure is derived. The trend of change for the radial profile of the axial electric field is analysed respectively in different plasma densities, plasma column radius and dielectric constant by numerical computation. Some useful results are obtained on the basis of the discussion.     

均匀外电场中无限长介质圆柱壳的场分布的计算和讨论

用圆柱坐标系中的分离变量法计算了位于均匀外电场中的无限长介质圆柱壳各区域的电势和电场,由计算结果分析了无限长介质圆柱壳对外电场的屏蔽效果,并指出均匀外电场中的无限长导体圆柱壳、无限长介质圆柱体、无限长导体圆柱及无限大均匀电介质中开有一无限长的圆柱形空腔的电势和电场都可以由均匀电场中的无限长介质圆柱壳电势及电场给出.     

Non-depletion floating layer in SOI LDMOS for enhancing breakdown voltage and eliminating back-gate bias effect

A non-depletion floating layer silicon-on-insulator (NFL SOI) lateral double-diffused metal-oxide-semiconductor (LDMOS) is proposed and the NFL-assisted modulated field (NFLAMF) principle is investigated in this paper. Based on this principle, the floating layer can pin the potential for modulating bulk field. In particular, the accumulated high concentration of holes at the bottom of the NFL can efficiently shield the electric field of the SOI layer and enhance the dielectric field in the buried oxide layer (BOX). At variation of back-gate bias, the shielding charges of NFL can also eliminate back-gate effects. The simulated results indicate that the breakdown voltage (BV) is increased from 315 V to 558 V compared to the conventional reduced surface field (RESURF) SOI (CSOI) LDMOS, yielding a 77% improvement. Furthermore, due to the field shielding effect of the NFL, the device can maintain the same breakdown voltage of 558 V with a thinner BOX to resolve the thermal problem in an SOI device.     

电介质表面纵向射频电场对次级电子倍增效应的影响

基于次级电子倍增动力学模型和次级电子发射曲线,运用蒙特卡罗方法模拟电介质表面具有纵向射频电场作用下的单边次级电子倍增现象,研究次级电子倍增的表面电场敏感曲线和时间演化图像. 以一个S波段射频介质窗为例,计算次级电子在其介质表面的沉积功率. 结果表明,纵向射频电场可能加剧电介质表面的次级电子倍增效应,易于导致介质片破裂,不利于高频能量传输. 关键词： 纵向射频场 次级电子倍增效应 蒙特卡罗方法 功率沉积     

The mechanical property of single-walled carbon nanotube under combined electromechanical loading

The mechanical properties and failure process of single-walled carbon nanotube (SWCNT) under combined electric field and tensile loading are investigated using the semi-empirical quantum mechanical method. The local and global structural deformation and variation of mechanical properties of SWCNT under different directions and intensity of external electric field are discussed systematically. It is shown that the electric field induced deformation in the radial and axial directions of the SWCNT are strongly dependent on the direction of electric field. The analysis of mechanical properties shows that the structure stiffness, tensile strength and failure strain of the SWCNT all decrease with the increase of the field intensity, which is particularly evident under the longitudinal electric field. The Young's modulus of SWCNTs vary with the tube diameter and are affected by the electric field. The increase of the length of the tubes intensifies the charge concentration at the tube ends under the electric field and lead to the decrease of mechanical properties of SWCNTs. The failure process of SWCNTs under the coupling effect of electric field and tensile loading is found to be controlled by the field strength and also affected by the electric charge accumulation.     

A TB-Mode Accelerator

An accelerator is proposed in which a TE-mode wave is used to drive charged particles in contrast to the usual linear accelerators in which longitudinal electric fields or TM-mode waves are supposed to be utilized. The principle of the acceleration is based on the Vp × B acceleration of a dynamo force acceleration. That is, a charged particle trapped in a transverse wave feels a constant electric field (Faraday induction field) and subsequently is accelerated when an appropriate magnetic field is externally applied in the direction perpendicular to the wave propagation. A pair of dielectric plates is used to produce a slow TE mode. Discussions will be given on what the conditions of the particle trapping are and how to stabilize the particle orbit.     

铷原子蒸汽中的光偏振旋转效应

对铷原子(⁸⁷Rb)蒸汽中的法拉第旋转、光学偏振自旋转以及二者的叠加旋转效应进行了理论和实验研究.对三种情况下旋转现象建立了简单而有效的理论模型. 实验中把铷原子泡置于自行设计的磁屏蔽腔内, 以屏蔽地磁场的影响.实验选择⁸⁷Rb F=2→F'=3能级D2跃迁线并采用零多普勒光谱 实验结构消除多普勒展宽对实验光谱的影响. 实验中分别观测到了三种旋转现象,实验结果与理论模拟结果非常符合.