N, N, N′, N′-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取Pr3+的研究

利用丙二酸二乙酯与二正丁胺反应高收率的制备了N，N，N′，N′-四丁基丙二酰胺(TBMA)萃取剂。研究了硝酸浓度、硝酸锂浓度、萃取剂浓度以及温度等对萃取Pr(Ⅲ)分配比的影响，确定了萃合物的组成，得到了不同稀释剂中萃取反应的热力学数据。结合红外光谱和摩尔电导数据初步推断了萃合物的结构。     

N,N,N′,N′-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取Yb(Ⅲ)的研究

取代酰胺类萃取剂易合成、分解产物易除去可用于萃取铀 (Ⅳ )、钍 (Ⅳ ) [1 - 4 ] ,但对高放废液中共存稀土元素的萃取研究较少[5] 。本文在以前研究工作的基础上[6] ,进一步探讨了TBMA萃取Yb(Ⅲ )的性能。1　实验部分1 1　试剂和仪器试剂均为AR级。TBMA由实验室合成 ,减压蒸馏提纯 ,经元素分析、红外光谱等检验产品为目标产物 ,纯度高于 98%。FTS 1 65红外光谱仪 (美国Bio Rad公司 ) ,75 2分光光度计 (上海分析仪器总厂 ) ,PHS 2C精密数显酸度计 (上海伟业仪器厂 ) ,恒温康氏振荡器 (实验室改装 )。1 2　实验准确称量 1 970 3g…     

N,N,N′,N′-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取Tb(Ⅲ)的研究

取代酰胺类萃取剂因其易合成、分解产物易除去而不影响萃取工艺流程等优点 ,在核燃料后处理方面显示出很好的应用前景。国内外在该类萃取剂萃取铀 (Ⅵ )、钍 (Ⅳ )以及硝酸的性能研究方面已经做了大量工作[1 ,2 ] ,但对高放废液中共存稀土元素的萃取研究报道较少[3] 。本文报道Ｎ ,Ｎ ,Ｎ′ ,Ｎ′ 四丁基丙二酰胺 (ＴＢＭＡ)在不同稀释剂中萃取Ｔｂ(Ⅲ )的性能。1　实验1 1　试剂和仪器试剂均为ＡＲ级。ＴＢＭＡ实验室合成 ,减压蒸馏提纯 ,经元素分析、红外光谱等检验产品为目标产物 ,纯度高于 98%。ＦＴＳ 1 65红外光谱仪 (美国Ｂｉｏ Ｒ…     

不同稀释剂中N,N,N′,N′-四丁基-3-氧戊二酰胺从硝酸介质中萃取Gd(Ⅲ)离子的研究

在不同稀释剂体系中研究了N,N,N′,N′-四丁基-3-氧戊二酰胺(TBDGA)从硝酸介质中萃取Gd髥离子的性能及反应机理。考察了水相硝酸浓度、萃取剂浓度及温度对其萃取性能的影响。实验表明在不同稀释剂中TBDGA对Gd髥的萃取能力为:二甲苯四氯化碳甲苯氯仿,分配比在所研究酸度范围内都随硝酸浓度的增加而增大。在不同稀释剂中萃取机理是相同的,萃合物的组成为Gd(NO3)3·3TBDGA;萃取Gd(Ⅲ)离子的反应为放热反应,低温有利于萃取。萃合物的IR光谱表明羰基氧与Gd(Ⅲ)发生配位。     

N，N，N′，N′-四丁基丙二酰胺从硝酸盐介质中萃取铈(Ⅲ)

Study on the extraction and separation of rare earth with new extractants is important in the rare earth chemistry and nuclear reprocessing. In this work， the extraction of Ce(Ⅲ) with N，N，N′，N′-tetrabutylmalonamide (TBMA) in toluene from nitrate media has been investigated. The effect of the concentration of nitric acid， TBMA and salt-ing-out agent (LiNO₃) and also the temperature on the distribution ratios was examined. The stoichiometries of the extracted complexes were determined to be Ce(NO₃)₃·3TBMA and Ce(NO₃)₃·4TBMA， respectively. The ap-parent extraction constants and the enthalpy of the extraction were calculated based on the extraction data， which are logK_ex1=3.97， logK_ex2=4.75 and Δ_rH_m^?=-31.25kJ·mol^-1， respectively. The IR spectra of the loaded organic phase supported the suggested extraction mechanism.     

N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取镧系元素的性能及机理

研究新型萃取剂从硝酸盐介质中萃取分离稀土元素对于后处理工艺具有重要意义.本文报道以甲苯为稀释剂,N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺(TBMA)从硝酸盐介质中萃取铈(Ⅲ)、镝(Ⅲ)、铒(Ⅲ)、镨(Ⅲ)、钐(Ⅲ)、铽(Ⅲ)、铥(Ⅲ)、镱(Ⅲ)的机理.考察了硝酸浓度、TBMA浓度、盐析剂浓度以及温度对上述三价镧系离子分配比的影响.得出萃合物的组成主要是三配体配合物M(NO3)3·3TBMA;计算出萃取反应的条件平衡常数、萃取平衡常数.温度效应研究表明萃取反应主要是焓驱动的.对萃取分离系数以及TBMA萃取三价镧系离子的规律进行了初步研究.     

N,N,N'''',N''''-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取Yb(Ⅲ)的研究

取代酰胺类萃取剂易合成、分解产物易除去可用于萃取铀(Ⅳ)、钍(Ⅳ)，但对高放废液中共存稀土元素的萃取研究较少。本文在以前研究工作的基础上，进一步探讨了TBMA萃取Yb(Ⅲ)的性能。     

N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取硝酸铥(Ⅲ)

N;N;N';N'-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取硝酸铥(Ⅲ)     

N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺萃取铀(VI)的机理

研究了Ｎ,Ｎ,Ｎ’,Ｎ’－四丁基丙二酰胺（ＴＢＭＡ）以甲苯为稀释剂,从硝酸介质中萃取硝酸和铀（Ⅵ）的机理。在该萃取体系中,ＴＢＭＡ和 ＨＮＯ_３形成 ＴＢＭＡ· ＨＮＯ_３,和 Ｕ（Ⅵ）形成为 ＵＯ_２（ＮＯ_３）_２· ３ＴＮＭＡ。借助红外光谱分析,确定了在萃合物中ＮＯ_３~－不参与ＵＯ_２~（２＋）的直接配位,并对萃合物中配体的配位方式进行了讨论。     

Extraction of Dy(III) with N,N,N',N'-tetrabutylmalonamide

The extraction behavior of N,N,N',N'-tetrabutylmalonamide (TBMA) employing toluene as diluent toward Dy(III) has been investigated. The effect of the concentrations of nitric acid, lithium nitrate and extractant and also of the temperature on the distribution ratio has been studied. The stoichiometry found for the Dy(III) extracted species suggests a structure such as Dy(NO₃)₃ ^.3TBMA. An attempt has been made to establish the structure of the isolated extracted species recurring to the data of IR.     

N,N,N',N'-四丁基丙二酰胺从硝酸盐介质中萃取铈(Ⅲ)

核燃料后处理的一个目标是利用中子放射将半衰期很长的锕系元素转变为半衰期短的同位素.由于镧系元素能有效地吸收中子,从而阻止可嬗变的锕系元素捕获中子,所以必须利用溶剂萃取的方法将高放废液中三价的锕系元素与三价的镧系元素分离开来.     

C-phosphorylation of formaldehyde and crotonaldehydeN,N-dimethylhydrazones

The first representatives of hydrazones having trivalent phosphorus at the azomethine carbon atom or the carbon atom vinylogous to it were synthesized by reactions of formaldehyde and crotonaldehydeN,N-dimethylhydrazones with PBr₃ and diphenylchlorophosphine in the presence of organic bases. Some properties of the compounds synthesized were studied. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1797–1801, September, 1998.     

Syntheses based on (N,N-difluoroamino)dinitroacetonitrile

High reactivity of the nitrite group in (NN-difluoroamino)dinitroacetonitrile was demonstrated. Based on its reaction with HN₃, a new preparative method for the synthesis of 5-[(N,N-difluoroamino)dinitromethylltetrazole was developed; some derivatives of the latter compound have been obtained.Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 8. pp. 2056–2058, August, 1996.     

Extraction and spectrophotometric determination of titanium(IV) withN 1-hydroxy-N 1,N 2-diphenylbenzamidine and thiocyanate

A precise, reliable, sensitive, and selective method for the determination of titanium(IV) is described. Titanium(IV) reacts withN ¹-hydroxy-N ¹,N ²-diphenylbenzamidine (HDPBA) and thiocyanate to form an orange-coloured mixed-ligand complex of stoichiometry 112 (Ti SCN^– HDPBA). The complex is quantitatively extractable into toluene from 0.05–0.15M hydrochloric acid. The spectrum of the complex exhibits an absorption maximum at 400 nm with a molar absorptivity of 20000M ^–1 cm^–1 and the coloured system obeys Beer's law in the concentration range 0.20–3.0 gml^–1 titanium. The effects of foreign ions and of various experimental parameters have been studied to establish the optimum conditions for the extraction and determination of titanium. The precision of the method has been evaluated and the relative standard deviation has been found to be 0.53%. The method has been successfully applied to the determination of titanium in synthetic matrices corresponding to titanium-containing ores, minerals, and alloys.     

A new method for the synthesis ofN,N′-thiobisamines

Reaction of secondary amines (morpholine and piperidine) with sulfur and iodine affordedN,N′-thiobisamines in good yields. Translated fromIzvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 10, pp. 1891–1892, October, 1997.     

Solvation Structure and Complexation of the Manganese(II) Ion in N,N-Dimethylpropionamide and N,N,N′,N′-Tetramethylurea Studied by Means of Titration Calorimetry and Raman Spectroscopy

Aprotic N,N-dimethylpropionamide (DMPA) and N,N,N′,N′-tetramethylurea (TMU) are both strong donor solvents and coordinate to metal ions through the carbonyl oxygen atom. These solvents show a different conformational aspect in the bulk phase, i.e., DMPA exists as either a planar cis or a nonplanar staggered conformer, while TMU exists in a single planar cis conformer. It has been established that the manganese(II) ion is solvated by five molecules in both solvents. Interestingly, although the planar cis conformer of DMPA is more favorable than the nonplanar staggered one in the bulk phase, the reverse is the case in the coordination sphere of the metal ion, i.e., a conformational change occurs upon solvation. To reveal the thermodynamic aspect of this conformational change, the complexation of Mn(II) with bromide ions in DMPA and TMU has been studied by titration calorimetry at 298 K. It was found that the Mn(II) ion forms mono-, di- and tri-bromo complexes in both solvents, and their formation constants, enthalpies and entropies were obtained. The Δ H∘₁ value for MnBr⁺ strongly depends on the solvent, i.e., it is positive (19.4 kJ-mol⁻¹) in DMPA and negative (−8.7 kJ-mol⁻¹) in TMU, whereas the Δ H^∘₂ and Δ H∘₃ values for the stepwise formation of MnBr₂ and MnBr₃⁻ are both small and negative. The enthalpy of transfer Δ_tH^∘ from DMPA to TMU, which is evaluated on the basis of the extrathermodynamic TATB assumption, is 25.5 kJ-mol⁻¹ for Mn²⁺ and −3.6 kJ-mol⁻¹ for MnBr⁺. These values indicate that the difference between the formation enthalpy of MnBr⁺ in the two solvents, Δ H^∘₁ (DMPA) – Δ H∘₁ (TMU), is mainly ascribed to the value of Δ_tH^∘(Mn²⁺). It is found that the metal ion is also five-coordinated in the monobromo complex, MnBr(DMPA)₄⁺ . The enthalpy for the conformational change of DMPA from its planar cis to the nonplanar staggered form is evaluated to be −11 and −5.5 kJ-mol⁻¹ for Mn(DMPA)₅^{2 +} and MnBr(DMPA)₄⁺, respectively. Note that these values are significantly smaller than the corresponding value (5.0 kJ-mol⁻¹) in the bulk phase. We thus conclude that, although steric hindrance among solvent molecules is reduced by replacing one DMPA of Mn(DMPA)₅^{2 +} with the relatively small bromide ion, DMPA molecules are still sterically hindered in the MnBr(DMPA)₄⁺ complex.     

o-benzoquinone photoreduction products in the presence of N,N-dimethylanilines

Photoreduction of o-benzoquinones in the presence of para-substituted N,N-dimethyl-anilines under irradiation at λ ≥ 500 nm affords pyrocatechol monoethers of the 2-(amino-methoxy)phenol type. In the subsequent dark reaction, these monoethers undergo quantitative decomposition by a heterolytic mechanism to give the corresponding pyrocatechols and nitrogen-containing compounds. The rate of this decomposition decreases with decreasing size of the substituent at the position adjacent to the ether bond that is formed upon photoreduction. The redox characteristics of such pyrocatechol monoethers can serve as the criterion of their stability. A weakening of the electron-withdrawing properties of quinones and the electron-donating properties of amines leads to an increase in stability of their reaction products. Published in Russian in Izvestiya Akademii Nauk. Seriya Khimicheskaya, No. 9, pp. 1528–1535, September, 2006.     

N,N,N‘,N’—四异丁基—3—氧—戊二酰胺萃取铀钍的研究

放射性废液中含有大量的钢系和铜系元素,众多学者作了大量研究工作。如焦荣洲等［’］用三烷基氧磷（ＴＲＰＯ）、赵沪根等［’］用ＤＨＤＥＣＭＰ从放射性废液中分离啊系和湖系元素进行了系统研究。但所用革取剂均为含磷化合物,使用后被放射性污染的革取剂最终处置困难。为此面临寻求革取效率高、价廉,又便于最终处置的新型革取剂的任务。文章ｐｌ合成了二酚胺类化合物（Ｒ‘ＲＺＮＣＯ）。Ｒ３系列车取剂,它能有效地从放射性废液中革取分离回收钢系与调系元素。本文探讨了其中的Ｎ,Ｎ,Ｍ,ＮＷ四异了基一３一氧一戊二酚胺（简写为Ｌ…