反射全息干涉和反射光弹性方法应用于应力波传播

在应力波传播过程中,半无限平面的聚酯模型在一个截面上的主应力分布解被实验所确定。应力波由摆式重锤的冲击所产生。应用两个外部适当的触发装置触发一个双脉冲红宝石激光器(0.5焦耳/每脉冲)。模型的一个表面做成全反射面,利用对这个表面的反射式全息干涉法和通过模型的另一表面的反射式光弹性法可以记录冲击后不同时间延迟的等和线与等差线条纹图。     

液饱和多孔介质中三维应力波的传播

为了深入研究液饱和多孔介质中应力波的传播，提出了三维两相细观计算模型．基于此模型。应用Galerkin余量法并计及流-固耦合界面的耦合效应，利用直接耦合的技术，开发了三维流-固混合显式动力有限元计算程序．在此基础上对冲击载荷作用下液饱和多孔介质中三维应力波的传播现象进行了数值模拟，并详细讨论了孔隙率，孔隙形状等因素对应力波传播主导波形的影响．     

A NUMERICAL ANALYSIS OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL THERMOELASTIC STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION PROBLEM

This paper is concerned with the numerical technique based on the method of character-istics for three-dimensional dynamic thermoelastic problems. A numerical example for the three-di-mensional stress wave propagation in a thermoelastic bar of square cross section subjected to both animpact loading and a thermal shock is presented.     

三维热弹性应力波传播问题的数值分析

为求解三维动态热弹性问题提出了一种基于特征线法的数值方法，并对矩形截面的热弹性棒在冲击载荷和热冲击作用下的三维应力波传播过程进行了数值模拟。     

DYNAMIC SUBSTRUCTURE METHOD FOR PROPAGATION OF ELASTIC-PLASTIC WAVE INDUCED BY IMPACT

通过建立弹塑性碰撞动态子结构模型,推导了模态坐标下的控制方程,提出了模拟柔性结构碰撞激发弹塑性波传播的动态子结构方法,并对其中的主模态的存在性和主模态截断的收敛性进行了证明.通过对柔性杆纵向碰撞和柔性梁横向碰撞两个算例的计算,并将计算结果与理论解和三维动力有限方法计算结果进行了对比,验证了该方法的数值收敛性和计算碰撞弹塑性波传播的有效性.     

THE BIFURCATION PROBLEM OF COLUMNS CAUSED BY ELASTIC-PLASTIC STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION

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压-剪复合应力波作用下材料动态断裂韧性研究

提出亚微秒单脉冲应力波载荷作用下Ⅱ型裂纹的平板冲击实验技术 .加载率为dK dt～ 10 8MPa·m1 2 ·s-1.实验中由锰铜应力片和弹性波理论分别测定和计算了压应力 ;通过微观分析确定了动态裂纹的平均扩展长度 ;引进等效应力强度因子 ,用动态断裂理论确定了 6 0 #钢的动态断裂韧性KⅠd和KⅡd ;建立了亚微秒冲击载荷作用下确定材料动态断裂韧性的方法     

PROGRESSIVE FRAGMENT MODELING OF FAILURE WAVE IN CERAMICS UNDER PLANAR IMPACT LOADING

Polycrystalline ceramics have heterogeneous meso-structures which result in high singularity in stress distribution. Based on this, a progressive fragment model was proposed which describes the failure wave formation and propagation in shocked ceramics. The governing equation of the failure wave was characterized by inelastic bulk strain with material damage and fracture. And the inelastic bulk strain consists of dilatant strain from nucleation and expansion of microcracks and condensed strain from collapse of original pores. Numerical simulation of the free surface velocity was performed in good agreement with planar impact experiments on 92.93％ aluminas at China Academy of Engineering Physics. And the longitudinal, lateral and shear stress histories upon the arrival of the failure wave were predicted, which present the diminished shear strength and lost spall strength in the failed layer.     

理想直杆中轴向应力波的传播和反射导致的分叉问题

对阶跃载荷作用下弹性理想完善直杆中应力波的传播及其反射引起民的分叉问题进行了理论分析和数值计算，讨论了此类动力屈曲问题中横向惯性效应的影响；给出了一种进行后分叉分析的近似方法，得到了一些结论，在各类结构由于应力波的传播及反射引起的分叉问题具有指导意义。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF STRESS WAVE PROPAGATION WITH UNSTRUCTURED FINITE VOLUME TIME DOMAIN METHOD

An unstructured finite volume time domain method (UFVTDM) is proposed to simulate stress wave propagation. The original variables of displacement and stress are solved based on the dynamic equilibrium equations. An Euler explicit and unstructured finite volume method is used for time and spacial terms respectively. The displacements are stored on the cell vertex and a vertex based finite volume is formed with the integral surface and the stress is assumed as uniform in the cell. This is some similar with the stager grid method in computational fluid dynamics. Several cases are used to show the capability of the algorithm.     

SCATTERING OF THE HARMONIC STRESS WAVE BY CRACKS IN FUNCTIONALLY GRADED PIEZOELECTRIC MATERIALS

The present paper considers the scattering of the time harmonic stress wave by a single crack and two collinear cracks in functionally graded piezoelectric material （FGPM）. It is assumed that the properties of the FGPM vary continuously as an exponential function. By using the Fourier transform and defining the jumps of displacements and electric potential components across the crack surface as the unknown functions, two pairs of dual integral equations are derived. To solve the dual integral equations, the jumps of the displacement and electric potential components across the crack surface are expanded in a series of Jacobi polynomials. Numerical examples are provided to show the influences of material properties on the dynamic stress and the electric displacement intensity factors.     

各向异性介质中SH波引起的圆孔附近的动应力集中

本文利用复变函数方法求解无限的各向异性介质中入射的SH波对圆形孔洞的散射问题,指出动应力集中系数与入射波波数K_σ和圆孔半径r有关,最后给出了圆孔附近动应力集中系数的数值结果。     

THE ESTIMATE AND MEASUREMENT OF TRANSVERSE WAVE INTENSITY

Transverse waves are a type of structural waves and should be considered in the analy-sis of high frequency vibration because the energy carried by transverse waves increases with the in-crease of frequency and becomes important at high frequencies. This paper studies the estimate theoryand measuring technique of the transverse wave intensity in two dimensional homogeneous structures.In general, the intensity vector is the sum of the effective intensity vector and the intensity variationvector. Each axial intensity component is proportional to two imaginary parts of cross spectral densitiesand its estimate is complicated. For the special case where transverse waves propagate in one direction,the intensity variation is zero and the estimate of the intensity is simplified. The intensity technique isformed based on the finite difference principle. Transverse wave intensity can be measured using a pairof two-transducer arrays lying in the orthogonal direction for the general case or a two-transducer ar-ray lying in the propagating direction for the special case. In order to assess the measurement accuracyof transverse wave intensity, the coupling loss factors from bending to transverse waves in buildingstructures were measured using the intensity technique and compared with the results predicted andmeasured using the conventional method. It is shown that the agreement between the results measuredusing the intensity technique and that by the conventional method is good.     

高速液—固碰撞时固体弹性和液体可压缩性对撞击压力的影响

本文联立求解可压缩平面液体撞击弹性固体表面时液体激波面及液固相界面上的物理过程控制方程组,导出了激波速度、撞击压力和固体表面变形速度的计算公式.导出的公式中包括了表征液体可压缩性的撞击马赫数M_0和表征固体弹性的液固声阻抗比Γ.通过计算液体撞击PMMA,钙钠玻璃、ZnSe和1Cr13时的撞击压力,本文具体分析了M_0和Γ对撞击压力产生的综合影响。     

声程差与应力强度因子的关系

基于弹性状态下力对材料声折射率及试件厚度的影响,推导了含裂纹的试件受力前后,超声纵波经其前后表面反射及透射时声程的变化,得到了应力强度因子与声程差的关系,为通过声程差的变化确定裂尖应力强度因子打下了基础。