A characterization of the projective line

Let be a set (with at least three different points) and let be a group of bijections of . If the action of on satisfies three natural conditions, then admits a canonical structure of a projective line over a commutative field, such that is the group of all projective transformations of .

     

The linear space of generalized Brownian motions with applications

In this paper, we define, motivated by recent works of Chang and Skoug, stochastic integrals for a generalized Brownian motion ( ) and then use it to study the representation problem on the linear space spanned by . We next establish a translation theorem for -functionals of , , and then use this translation to establish an integration by parts formula for -functionals of .

     

Discrete spectra of -algebras and orthogonally closed submodules in Hilbert -modules

Let and be -algebras and let be an --imprimitivity bimodule. Then it is shown that if the spectrum of (resp. of ) is discrete, then every closed --submodule of is orthogonally closed in , and conversely that if (resp. ) is a -space and if every closed --submodule of is orthogonally closed in , then (resp. ) is discrete.

     

Homogeneity of powers of spaces and the character

A space is said to be power-homogeneous if some power of it is homogeneous. We prove that if a Hausdorff space of point-countable type is power-homogeneous, then, for every infinite cardinal , the set of points at which has a base of cardinality not greater than , is closed in . Every power-homogeneous linearly ordered topological space also has this property. Further, if a linearly ordered space of point-countable type is power-homogeneous, then is first countable.

     

Strong local homogeneity and coset spaces

We prove that for every homogeneous and strongly locally homogeneous separable metrizable space there is a metrizable compactification of such that, among other things, for all there is a homeomorphism such that . This implies that is a coset space of some separable metrizable topological group .

     

Examples concerning heredity problems of WCG Banach spaces

We present two examples of WCG spaces that are not hereditarily WCG. The first is a space with an unconditional basis, and the second is a space such that is WCG and does not contain . The non-WCG subspace of has the additional property that is not WCG and is reflexive.

     

Codimension theorems for complete toric varieties

Let be a complete toric variety with homogeneous coordinate ring . In this article, we compute upper and lower bounds for the codimension in the critical degree of ideals of generated by homogeneous polynomials that do not vanish simultaneously on .

     

On the predictability of discrete dynamical systems II

Given a metrizable compact topological -manifold with boundary and a metric compatible with the topology of , we prove that ``most' continuous functions are non-sensitive at ``most' points of but are sensitive at every point of an infinite set which is dense in the set of all periodic points of . We also establish some results concerning sets of periodic points and non-wandering points.

     

Denjoy's theorem with exponents

If is the (unique) minimal set for a diffeomorphism of the circle without periodic orbits, , then the upper box dimension of is at least . The method of proof is to introduce the exponent into the proof of Denjoy's theorem.

     

Exceptional curves on smooth rational surfaces with not nef and of self-intersection zero

A -curve is a smooth rational curve of self-intersection , where is a positive integer. In 1998 Hirschowitz asked whether a smooth rational surface defined over the field of complex numbers, having an anti-canonical divisor not nef and of self-intersection zero, has -curves. In this paper we prove that for such a surface , the set of -curves on is finite but non-empty, and that may have no -curves. Related facts are also considered.

     

Meromorphic functions and factoriality

Let be a compact subset of a connected Stein manifold . We study algebraic properties of the ring of meromorphic functions on without poles in .

     

Characterizations of paracompactness and Lindelöfness by the separation property

The separation property in our title is that, for two spaces and , any two disjoint closed copies of in are separated by open sets in . It is proved that a Tychonoff space is paracompact if and only if this separation property holds for the space and every Tychonoff space which is a perfect image of (where denotes the Stone-Cech compactification of ). Moreover, we give a characterization of Lindelöfness in a similar way under the assumption of paracompactness.

     

On the proximinality of the unit ball of proximinal subspaces in Banach spaces: A counterexample

A known, and easy to establish, fact in Best Approximation Theory is that, if the unit ball of a subspace of a Banach space is proximinal in , then itself is proximinal in . We are concerned in this article with the reverse implication, as the knowledge of whether the unit ball is proximinal or not is useful in obtaining information about other problems. We show, by constructing a counterexample, that the answer is negative in general.

     

Irreducibility of the -classes on smooth rational surfaces

We give a characterization for a -divisor on a smooth rational surface to be irreducible under the assumption that an anticanonical divisor of is nef. Here is nef means for every effective divisor on , and a -divisor is a divisor such that the two numerical conditions hold.

As an application we give explicit examples of blowing up the projective plane at nine points infinitely near such that the obtained surface has an infinite number of -curves. A -curve is a smooth rational curve of self-intersection .

     

Strong pseudo-contractions perturbed by compact operators in Banach spaces

Let be a (real) Banach space, let be an open subset of , and let denote the collection of all nonempty bounded and closed subsets of . Suppose is continuous from into with respect to the Hausdorff metric and strongly pseudo-contractive, while is compact from into . Then has a fixed point if it satisfies the classical Leray-Schauder condition on the boundary of .

     

Algebraic functions with even monodromy

Let be a compact Riemann surface of genus and be an integer. We show that admits meromorphic functions with monodromy group equal to the alternating group

     

Imbeddings of free actions on handlebodies

Fix a free, orientation-preserving action of a finite group on a -dimensional handlebody . Whenever acts freely preserving orientation on a connected -manifold , there is a -equivariant imbedding of into . There are choices of closed and Seifert-fibered for which the image of is a handlebody of a Heegaard splitting of . Provided that the genus of is at least , there are similar choices with closed and hyperbolic.

     

Applications of pseudo-monotone operators with some kind of upper semicontinuity in generalized quasi-variational inequalities on non-compact sets

Let be a topological vector space and be a non-empty subset of . Let and be two maps. Then the generalized quasi-variational inequality (GQVI) problem is to find a point and a point such that for all . We shall use Chowdhury and Tan's 1996 generalized version of Ky Fan's minimax inequality as a tool to obtain some general theorems on solutions of the GQVI on a paracompact set in a Hausdorff locally convex space where the set-valued operator is either strongly pseudo-monotone or pseudo-monotone and is upper semicontinuous from to the weak-topology on for each non-empty finite subset of .

     

Filling analytic sets by the derivatives of -smooth bumps

If is an infinite-dimensional Banach space, with separable dual, and is an analytic set such that any point can be reached from  by a continuous path contained (except for the point ) in the interior of , then is the range of the derivative of a -smooth function on  with bounded nonempty support.

     

A variant of the Reynolds operator

Let be a linearly reductive group over a field , and let be a -algebra with a rational action of . Given rational --modules and , we define for the induced -action on Hom a generalized Reynolds operator, which exists even if the action on Hom is not rational. Given an -module homomorphism , it produces, in a natural way, an -module homomorphism which is -equivariant. We use this generalized Reynolds operator to study properties of rational - modules. In particular, we prove that if is invariantly generated (i.e. ), then is a projective (resp. flat) -module provided that is a projective (resp. flat) -module. We also give a criterion whether an -projective (or -flat) rational --module is extended from an -module.