带有两个重夸克的重子谱计算中几个困难问题的研究

由两个重夸克和一个轻夸克组成的重子可以看作是一个两体系统.它的两个重夸克组成一个玻色型的双夸克团.利用B–S方程导出了它的轻夸克和重的双夸克之间的等效相互作用势.在利用这种势计算重子质量的过程中,发现有几个困难问题需要深入探讨.它们是:(1)算符排序,(2)由非相对论展开带来的误差,(3)自旋–自旋耦合,(4)在标量双夸克组成的重子态和矢量双夸克组成的重子态之间的混合.本文详细地讨论并适当地处理了这些问题.     

γ矩阵的Gordon约化及其某些应用

本文在Gordon恒等式的基础上, 推导出一些γ矩阵的约化公式. 应用这些公式来推导夸克反夸克间的单胶子交换势和约化夸克体系Bethe-Salpeter方程中的γ矩阵, 分别得到了与Faessler等人和Mitra等人不同的结果.     

在具有伸缩子的QCD势模型中的重介子

从伸缩子–胶子有效耦合理论得到的重夸克–反夸克势模型出发,计算了重介子的自旋平均能谱及轻子衰变和辐射跃迁宽度,并与Cornell势模型所得到的相应结果作了比较.结果表明,新的重夸克势的计算结果与重介子的实验数据更好地符合,而且估计的伸缩子质量5?7MeV很好地位于有关伸缩子质量的其他理论途径所估计的范围之内.     

pp→ΛΛ过程的胶子交换势与pp→ΛΛ过程的反应截面

本文给出了夸克-反夸克对 湮没和夸克-反夸克对 产生过程的单胶子和双胶子交换势准至P²/m²级近似的形式,据此推出了pp→ΛΛ过程的等效位势.应用这个位势在平面波玻恩近似(PWBA)下计算pp→ΛΛ反应的微分截面和总截面,得到了与实验符合得较好的结果.     

重夸克偶素质量谱的相对论夸克模型研究（已撤稿）

使用量子场论中准势途径的相对论夸克模型,计算了重夸克偶素的质量谱.所采用的同味正反夸克间的有效相互作用包括通常的直接单胶子交换、单胶子湮没及具有相对论修正的标量和矢量线性禁闭的混合.得到了与实验上肯定的数据符合较好的拟合计算结果，并讨论了湮没项和相对论修正各项对能谱超精细分裂的作用. 关键词： 重夸克偶素 质量谱 相对论修正 湮没势     

在非拓扑孤立子模型中核子的电磁形状因子

从Friedberg-李政道的非拓扑孤立子模型出发得到一个新的夸克禁闭势.利用这个新的禁闭势,预言了核子的静态性质,并与实验数据进行了比较.理论很好地解释了实验结果.     

相对论夸克模型和N–Δ能量劈裂

基于相对论夸克模型,在夸克层次上研究了N-Δ的质量和二者的能量劈裂,通过引入了赝标量π介子云效应,得到了π和核子之间的耦合常数g_πNN,以及单胶子交换势和单π介子交换势分别对N-Δ能量劈裂的贡献,计算结果较好地与实验值得到了吻合.另外我们还比较了相对论与非相对论夸克模型在处理上的不同.     

uu→ss过程的胶子交换势与pp→ΛΛ过程的反应截面

本文给出了夸克－反夸克对　湮没和夸克－反夸克对　产生过程的单胶子和双胶子交换势准至Ｐ２／ｍ２级近似的形式，据此推出了ｕｕ→ｓｓ过程的等效位势．应用这个位势在平面波玻恩近似（ＰＷＢＡ）下计算　→　反应的微分截面和总截面，得到了与实验符合得较好的结果．     

对于组分夸克模型的几点评注

根据现有的格点QCD结果和手征对称自发破缺理论研讨了组分夸克模型中夸克囚禁和夸克介子耦合方案.指出了两体囚禁势不能直接推广应用于多夸克系统,σ介子作为双π交换的等效描述只能用于u,d夸克,不能用于s夸克.     

夸克禁闭势与色Van der Waals力

本文采用高斯增长的夸克禁闭势和耦合道共振群方法研究了强子之间的色Van der Waals力问题. 先将两道耦合的微分方程组的边值问题转变为初值问题, 然后用基尔方法进行数值求解. 计算结果表明, 在高斯增长的禁闭势模型中不产生长程的色Van der Waals力. 这说明, 只要选择适当的夸克禁闭势, 则夸克势模型就既可用于描写强子的内部结构又能用来计算强子之间的相互作用力.     

AB合金有序化过程的动力学(Ⅰ)

由原子在点阵中扩散的反应率过程理论,在最近邻近似下,计算了AB合金的长程有序化动力学及长程序为零时的短程有序化动力学。所得结果与前人的实验结论及计算结果相比定性地符合,定量地接近。长程有序化动力学的计算表明,有序化过程存在有孕育期,有c-曲线形式的转变曲线,s近似与exp{-αt²}正比,算得的平衡有序度与前人计算结果相近。长程序为零时的短程有序化动力学的计算表明,σ近似与exp{-βt}正比,此时有序化速率甚快,以致在最快的淬火速率下,样品中也必然存在有一定的短程序,所得的平衡短程序值也符合前人的计算结果。本文是作为继续计算短程有序化动力学的准备及基础。     

Magnetic ordering of the bond—diluted two—dimensional mixed spin Ising system

Numerical and analytical results are presented for the magnetic ordering in a bond-diluted spin-1/2 and spin-1 mixed transverse Ising system with a single-ion anisotropy on a honeycomb lattice.Special emphsis is placed on the magnetic ordering under the bond dilution and percolation threshold.We discuss in detail the influence of transverse fields of different sublattics on the normal magnetic ordering and on the magnetic ordering induced by single-lon anisotropy.We find that the magnetic ordering of a system exhibits an explicit difference when receiving the transverse field.This phenomenon has not been revealed in previous reports.     

Some recent advances in the understanding of phase-ordering dynamics

We review some of our recent studies of phase ordering dynamics. Specifically, we describe results from numerical simulations of domain growth in systems with quenched disorder. We also present representative results from numerical studies of phase ordering dynamics in anisotropic systems.     

Charge-orbital ordering and Verwey transition in magnetite

Local density approximation + Hubbard U (LDA + U) band structure calculations reveal that magnetite (Fe3O4) forms an insulating charge-orbital-ordered state below the Verwey transition temperature. The calculated charge ordering is in good agreement with that inferred from recent experiments. We found an associated t(2g) orbital ordering on the octahedral Fe2+ sublattice. Such an orbital ordering results primarily from the on-site Coulomb interaction. This finding unravels such fundamental issues about the Verwey transition as the mechanism for the charge ordering and for the formation of the insulating gap, as well as the nonobedience of the Anderson's criterion for the charge ordering.     

Tuning charge and orbital ordering in DyNiO3 by biaxial strain

The first-principles calculations were used to explore the tunable electronic structure in DyNiO₃ (DNO) under the effects of the biaxial compressive and tensile strains. We explored how the biaxial strain tunes the orbital hybridization and influences the charge and orbital ordering states. We found that breathing mode and Jahn-Teller distortion play a primary role in charge ordering state and orbital ordering state, respectively. Additionally, the calculated results revealed that the biaxial strain has the ability to manipulate the phase competition between the two states. A phase transition point has been found under tensile train. If the biaxial train is larger than the point, the system favors orbital ordering state. If the strain is smaller than the point, the system is in charge ordering state favorably.     

Ferromagnetic enhancement of CE-type spin ordering in (Pr,Ca)MnO3

We present resonant soft x-ray scattering results from small bandwidth manganites (Pr,Ca)MnO(3), which show that the CE-type spin ordering (SO) at the phase boundary is stabilized only below the canted antiferromagnetic transition temperature and enhanced by ferromagnetism in the macroscopically insulating state (FM-I). Our results reveal the fragility of the CE-type ordering that underpins the colossal magnetoresistance effect in this system, as well as an unexpected cooperative interplay between FM-I and CE-type SO which is in contrast to the competitive interplay between the ferromagnetic metallic state and CE-type ordering.     

Rich-club and page-club coefficients for directed graphs

Rich-club and page-club coefficients and their null models are introduced for directed graphs. Null models allow for a quantitative discussion of the rich-club and page-club phenomena. These coefficients are computed for four directed real-world networks: Arxiv High Energy Physics paper citation network, Web network (released from Google), Citation network among US Patents, and email network from a EU research institution. The results show a high correlation between rich-club and page-club ordering. For journal paper citation network, we identify both rich-club and page-club ordering, showing that “elite” papers are cited by other “elite” papers. Google web network shows partial rich-club and page-club ordering up to some point and then a narrow declining of the corresponding normalized coefficients, indicating the lack of rich-club ordering and the lack of page-club ordering, i.e. high in-degree (PageRank) pages purposely avoid sharing links with other high in-degree (PageRank) pages. For UC patents citation network, we identify page-club and rich-club ordering providing a conclusion that “elite” patents are cited by other “elite” patents. Finally, for email communication network we show lack of both rich-club and page-club ordering. We construct an example of synthetic network showing page-club ordering and the lack of rich-club ordering.     

Some recent applications of cell dynamical modelling to phase ordering dynamics

We study experimentally relevant effects in phase ordering dynamics using Cell Dynamical System (CDS) models. In particular, we present representative numerical results for phase ordering in random magnets and phase separation in binary fluids.     

Operator ordering, ellipticity and spurious solutions in k · p calculations of III-nitride nanostructures

We analyze the ellipticity of the standard k · p wurtzite model for the symmetrized and the Burt–Foreman operator ordering. We find that for certain situations the symmetrized Hamiltonian is unstable, leads to unplausible results and can cause spurious solutions. We show that the operator ordering in wurtzite must be completely asymmetric to be stable. The asymmetric operator ordering is elliptic and consequently no spurious solutions are obtained. Therefore we recommend the use of a complete asymmetric operator ordering for nitride device simulation.     

Comparison of local ordering of orthohydrogen molecules above and below the percolation threshold in solid ortho-para mixtures

We report measurements of the local orientational ordering in solid ortho-para hydrogen mixtures for ortho concentrations near the site percolation threshold. The results indicate a weak collective ordering for concentrations above percolation which is absent for low concentrations.