截锥型薄壁结构声振耦合动力特性分析

采用大型通用软件ANSYS,建立截锥型薄壁结构的实体有限元动力学模型,通过与相关实验数据的对比验证了模型合理性。据此,利用无限元模拟自由声场边界,建立声场-截锥型薄壁结构的直接耦合有限元动力学模型。通过数值仿真分析研究了声场中截锥壳结构的振动特性,并讨论了声振动对结构动力特性的影响。研究结果表明:数值仿真结果和截锥壳声振实验数据比较一致。在考虑声场影响后发现:结构位移共振频率值大多有所降低,结构位移共振频率数量显著增多;在低频下,结构位移响应峰值在声场的影响下明显增大;在高频下则明显减小。     

瞬态声振耦合问题的边界元分析及实验研究

本文探求任意外形结构在外力作用下的瞬态声场特性,研究声辐射机理,用时域边界元技术讨论外力、结构振动响应和声辐射三者之间的关系,并用实验结果加以验证,为瞬态声振耦合研究提供一种新的数值分析方法。     

热应力作用下结构声-振耦合响应数值分析

考察飞行器结构热应力对结构及其内声腔声-振耦合特性的影响,建立考虑热应力因素的声-振耦合动力学有限元方程,对一个典型飞行器结构考虑热应力时的声-振耦合动力学响应进行分析。计算结果表明,热应力的存在对耦合模型的固有频率影响较小,受热应力影响较大的区域主要集中在机头及机身等部位,其固有振动特性有较明显的变化。通过对比结构加速度与内声腔声压级的响应结果发现,热应力的影响主要表现为系统响应幅值及峰值位置的改变。     

声振耦合分析在冲击波测量中的应用

为了高精度地测量空气冲击波形,采用声振耦合分析对该测量系统的频响特性进行了理论计算,并在激波管中进行了动态响应实验。通过上述研究,得出了探头在3个不同量程时的适宜阻尼孔径。结果表明,探头的阻尼孔直径和波形上升时间的计算值与实验值都是基本符合的,并且该测量系统在强爆炸中测得的冲击波压力波形也具有良好的频响特性。     

复杂板壳结构声振耦合特性的理论与实验研究

0引言在国家民用工业及国防工业减振降噪重大应用需求的牵引下,本文通过理论建模、实验验证和数值计算研究了汽车、高速列车、舰艇/潜艇及航空航天飞行器中常用典型复杂板壳结构的声振耦合特性[1-13],建立了相对完善可靠的结构声振耦合特性理论表征体系,分析了关键结构参数对结构声振耦合特性的影响,揭示了弯曲波在结构中的传播规律及结构的声辐射/传声特性,提山了轻质、高强度、声辐射小及隔声性能优良的复杂板壳结构的创新优化设计概念,初步建立了综合结构质量、力学刚度和声振耦合特性的优化设计理论和判据,为典型板壳/板腔结构在民用工业及国防工业中的应用奠定了理论基础、实验依据并提供了技术支撑.     

桥梁多模态耦合抖振控制方法研究

目前已证实调谐质量阻尼器(TM D)可以有效控制桥梁抖振响应,并已在工程中得到应用。然而,传统桥梁抖振被动控制理论是基于单模态叠加SRSS法,无法考虑多模态参与作用和模态间气动耦合效应,本文基于Scan lan多模态耦合抖振理论和多重调谐质量阻尼器(M TM D)被动控制理论,提出一种桥梁多模态耦合抖振M TM D控制方法,该方法可以考虑多模态参与作用、模态间气动耦合效应和单模态中各模态位移分量的气动耦合,且对各TM D在主梁上的安装位置没有任何限制。本文最后采用时域仿真方法对该方法进行了验证,两者计算结果吻合良好,表明本文所提出的方法的正确性。     

多源激励下水中有限长加肋圆柱壳体声振特性研究

为了研究多源激励下水中有限长加肋圆柱壳体的声振特性，由Flügge壳体振动理论建立了单频多源激励下水中长度为2L 的有限长加环肋和纵肋壳体的声振耦合方程。将壳体结构位移、表面声压以及激励力展开为各阶模态与波形的组合形式，将肋骨作用表示为附加阻抗与各阶模态的叠加，导出了单频多源激励下加肋壳体振动和声辐射的解析表达式，并通过算例研究了肋骨、激励源相对位置对壳体声振特性的影响。计算结果表明：肋骨改变了壳体的共振特性，使共振频率处壳体的表面平均振速级降低，导致共振频率附近的辐射效率级增加3~5dB；将集中力转化为轴向分布的激振力可降低壳体的中高频处辐射声功率级，在频率f＞500Hz频段，轴向距离为L/4时的幅值比单点激励低3~5dB；将集中力转化为周向分布的激振力可降低壳体的低中频处辐射声功率级，在f＜150Hz频段，周向相距为π/2和π/3时的辐值比单点激励低7~9dB。本文研究结果可为水下结构的振动与噪声控制提供理论依据。     

船用金属材料声发射信号特性研究

利用声发射技术对6种船用金属材料拉伸试验过程中产生的声发射信号进行了详细研究。通过对材料从弹性、屈服、强化直至破坏过程中的声发射信号参数统计分析,总结了船用金属材料拉伸过程中声发射信号事件数量、幅度、频率随拉力变化的分布规律,为在船用金属材料与结构缺陷中进行声发射检测的设备参数的配置、传感器的选择和危险等级的划分提供了基础数据。     

基于FE-SEA混合法的水下双层壳体模型声振特性研究

基于FE-SEA混合法原理,给出了FE-SEA混合系统的运动方程、扩散场互易关系表达式、系统响应表达式、功率平衡方程;分别建立了典型单层板、双层板隔声FE-SEA混合模型,就全频段下的隔声性能进行了分析,发现等厚度下的双层板较单层板在100Hz~10kHz内隔声性能更好,且在1/3倍频程、10Hz~10kHz频率范围内的仿真结果与理论值基本符合;通过建立"球面-圆柱-球面"双层壳体水下结构模型,在施加典型柴油机激振力下,分别对双层壳间填充海水、空气、半空气-半海水等不同介质对模型的声振影响进行了分析。结果表明:在315Hz以下的低中频段有实肋板时介质的影响不大,振动主要通过实肋板进行传递;无实肋板时,介质起主要作用,因而在10kHz以内频段不同介质下的外壳表面振动速度与外界海水的声压级差异明显;海水介质下的外壳振动速度与声压级较空气介质的平均分别高22.48dB和16.88dB,而半空气-半海水介质的外壳振动速度和声压级与海水介质的较接近。     

峡谷地形条件下导线流固耦合风振响应分析

架空输电导线在峡谷等复杂微地形条件下风振响应的研究方面,针对传统的单向风振响应分析方法因考虑边界条件较少存在误差,本文基于双向流固耦合理论,使用有限元仿真软件中的Design Modeling模块建立跨越峡谷线路模型,分别建立了导线在平地与峡谷中的计算域模型,分析了瞬态风场下平地和跨峡谷导线流固耦合振动特性,并与非流固...     

Experimental procedures for low-cycle-fatigue research at high temperatures

Testing procedures are reported for lowcycle-fatigue experiments on hydraulic fatigue machines operated with closed-loop servocontrol of the strain in inductively heated test specimens of the hourglass type. Typical equipment performance data and fatigue-test results are presented.     

A technique for measuring the dynamic behavior of materials at high temperatures

A new experimental technique has been developed for the performance of high temperature, high-strain-rate experiments in the compression Kolsky bar (split-Hopkinson pressure bar or SHPB). The new technique (referred to as the High-Temperature Compression Kolsky Bar or HTCKB) uses an infra-red spot-heater to rapidly heat the specimen to the desired temperature, a!nd an electropneumatic actuation system to minimize the development of temperature gradients in the sample. The technique is cheap and relatively easy to implement and yet provides accurate, repeatable results. As an illustration of the application of the technique, we have examined the high-temperature response of the BCC metal vanadium at high-strain rates. Stress–strain curves are obtained for the material at strain rates of 4 × 10³ s⁻¹ and at temperatures ranging from 300 to 1100 K (27–800°C). Quasistatic (10⁻³ s⁻¹) experiments have also been performed on vanadium over a slightly smaller range of temperatures, and the results are compared with the new high-temperature, high-strain-rate data. It is observed that the rate of thermal softening is a function of the strain rate. These results illustrate the importance of including the coupling between temperature and strain r!ate in thermoviscoplastic constitutive models.     

Local shrinkage and stress induced by thermo-oxidation in composite materials at high temperatures

The paper is concerned with the modelling, simulation and experimental characterisation of local shrinkage strains and stresses induced by thermo-oxidation phenomena in the IM7/977-2 carbon/epoxy composite material at elevated temperatures. The oxygen concentration and mechanical fields were established through a coupled model constructed from a unified multiphysical approach and the thermodynamics of irreversible processes. The model was implemented in the ABAQUS^® finite element commercial code. Simulations of thermo-oxidation-induced matrix shrinkage were run at a local scale, i.e., the scale of the elementary constituents of the composite, the fibre and the matrix. The experimental assessment was done at the same scale, and the local matrix shrinkage profiles were measured by confocal interferometric microscopy.A good agreement was found between the simulated and measured profiles, validating the unified model. The thermo-oxidation induced stress field was analysed to understand the influence of the environment on the onset of damage in composite materials at elevated temperature.     

Coupled processes of deformation and long-term damage of fibrous materials under thermal loading

A theory of long-term damage of fibrous composites under thermal loading is set up. The damage of the matrix is modeled by randomly dispersed micropores. The failure criterion for a microvolume is characterized by its stress-rupture strength. It is determined by the dependence of the time to brittle fracture on the difference between the equivalent stress and its limit, which is the ultimate strength, according to the Schleicher–Nadai failure criterion, and assumed to be a random function of coordinates. An equation of damage (porosity) balance in the matrix at an arbitrary time is formulated taking into account the thermal component. Algorithms of calculating the time dependence of microdamage and macrostresses are developed. Corresponding curves are plotted. The effect of temperature on the deformation and microdamage of the material is studied     

Coupled thermo-hygro-mechanical damage model for concrete subjected to high temperatures

Based on the theory of mixtures, a coupled thermo-hygro-mechanical (THM) damage model for concrete subjected to high temperatures is presented in this paper. Concrete is considered as a mixture composed of solid skeletons, liquid water, water vapor, dry air, and dissolved air. The macroscopic balance equations of the model consist of the mass conservation equations of each component and the momentum and energy conservation equations of the whole medium mixture. The state equations and the constitutive model used in the model are given. Four final governing equations are given in terms of four primary variables, i.e., the displacement components of soil skeletons, the gas pressure, the capillary pressure, and the temperature. The processes involved in the coupled model include evaporation, dehydration, heat and mass transfer, etc. Through the process of deformation failure and the energy properties, the mechanics damage evolution equations are established based on the principle of conversation of energy and the Lemaitre equivalent strain assumption. Then, the influence of thermal damage on the mechanical property is considered.     

Measuring static strains at high temperatures

A recently introduced strain gage is described. It depends on the variation in electrical capacitance brought about by the deflection of an arched strip when the separation of its feet is altered. The gage has a wide range (1-percent strain) and good stability even in the 1100–1200°F range. With the design adopted, the output when a gage is heated but not stressed can be controlled and reduced. Using the techniques described, problems of connections for field work are not severe and remote readings can be made of the small capacitances involved, which are about 0.5 pF. Several trials are in progress. In one installation, automatic logging from scores of gages has proved successful. The gage has particular attractions for monitoring the formation of cracks in structures working at high temperatures.     

确定材料在高温高应变率下动态性能的Hopkinson杆系统

描述了一种利用Hopkinson杆装置确定在高温（温度可高达1 173 K）、高应变率下材料动态性能的试验方法。在试样加温过程中,试样不与入射杆及透射杆接触。当试样加热到预定温度时,气压驱动同步组装系统,推动透射杆及试样,使得应力波到达入射杆与试样接触面时,入射杆、试样及透射杆紧密接触。利用以上系统,完成了连铸单晶铜及上引法连铸多晶铜从室温到1 085 K范围内的应力应变曲线。测试结果表明,不论是上引法连铸多晶铜还是连铸单晶铜,流动应力随温度的升高而下降,在温度低于585 K时,材料的应变硬化率明显大于在温度高于585 K时的应变硬化率。     

Optical properties of teflon at high temperatures

Journal of Applied Mechanics and Technical Physics - When considering thermal decomposition of thermoplastics by a-thermal flux, the case wherein radiation is the dominant heat-transfer mechanism...