Mutation on knots and Whitney’s 2-isomorphism theorem

Whitney’s 2-switching theorem states that any two embeddings of a 2-connected planar graph in S ² can be connected via a sequence of simple operations, named 2-switching. In this paper, we obtain two operations on planar graphs from the view point of knot theory, which we will term “twisting” and “2-switching” respectively. With the twisting operation, we give a pure geometrical proof of Whitney’s 2-switching theorem. As an application, we obtain some relationships between two knots which correspond to the same signed planar graph. Besides, we also give a necessary and sufficient condition to test whether a pair of reduced alternating diagrams are mutants of each other by their signed planar graphs.     

Semialgebraic version of Whitney’s extension theorem

Archiv der Mathematik - In this note we prove a semialgebraic counterpart of Whitney’s extension theorem.     

The degenerate analogue of Ariki’s categorification theorem

We explain how to deduce the degenerate analogue of Ariki’s categorification theorem over the ground field \mathbbC{\mathbb{C}} as an application of Schur–Weyl duality for higher levels and the Kazhdan–Lusztig conjecture in finite type A. We also discuss some supplementary topics, including Young modules, tensoring with sign, tilting modules and Ringel duality.     

A generalization of Nekhoroshev’s theorem

Nekhoroshev discovered a beautiful theorem in Hamiltonian systems that includes as special cases not only the Poincaré theorem on periodic orbits but also the theorem of Liouville–Arnol’d on completely integrable systems [7]. Sadly, his early death precluded him publishing a full account of his proof. The aim of this paper is twofold: first, to provide a complete proof of his original theorem and second a generalization to the noncommuting case. Our generalization of Nekhoroshev’s theorem to the nonabelian case subsumes aspects of the theory of noncommutative complete integrability as found in Mishchenko and Fomenko [5] and is similar to what Nekhoroshev’s theorem does in the abelian case.     

A generalization of Jentzsch’s theorem

We study the asymptotic behavior of the roots of polynomials given by a linear summation method for partial sums of the Fourier series.     

A generalization of Baer’s theorem

In this paper, we studied the supersolvability of the product of two subgroups and got a generalization of Baer’s theorem.     

A generalization of Obata’s theorem

In a complete Riemannian manifold (M, g) if the hessian of a real-valued function satisfies some suitable conditions, then it restricts the geometry of (M, g). In this paper we characterize all compact rank-one symmetric spaces as those Riemannian manifolds (M, g) admitting a real-valued functionu such that the hessian ofu has at most two eigenvalues ?u and $ - \frac{{u + 1}}{2}$ under some mild hypotheses on (M, g). This generalizes a well-known result of Obata which characterizes all round spheres.     

A converse of Baer’s theorem

Schur’s classical theorem states that for a group $G$ , if $G/Z(G)$ is finite, then $G'$ is finite. Baer extended this theorem for the factor group $G/Z_n(G)$ , in which $Z_n(G)$ is the $n$ -th term of the upper central series of $G$ . Hekster proved a converse of Baer’s theorem as follows: If $G$ is a finitely generated group such that $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ is finite, then $G/Z_n(G)$ is finite where $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ denotes the $(n+1)$ st term of the lower central series of $G$ . In this paper, we generalize this result by obtaining the same conclusion under the weaker hypothesis that $G/Z_n(G)$ is finitely generated. Furthermore, we show that the index of the subgroup $Z_n(G)$ is bounded by a precisely determined function of the order of $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ . Moreover, we prove that the mentioned theorem of Hekster is also valid under a weaker condition that $Z_{2n}(G)/Z_{n}(G)$ is finitely generated. Although in this case the bound for the order of $\gamma _{n+1}(G)$ is not achieved.     

A generalization of Forelli’s theorem

The purpose of this paper is to present a generalization of Forelli’s theorem. In particular, we prove an all dimensional version of the two-dimensional theorem of Chirka (Kompleks. Anal. i Prilozh, 232–240, 2006) of 2005.     

An analogue of Beurling’s theorem for the Jacobi transform

In this paper, we prove Beurling＇s theorem for the Jacobi transform, from which we derive some other versions of uncertainty principles.     

A spinorial analogue of Aubin’s inequality

Let (M, g, σ) be a compact Riemannian spin manifold of dimension ≥ 2. For any metric conformal to g, we denote by the first positive eigenvalue of the Dirac operator on . We show that

A direct proof of Gromov’s theorem

A new proof of a theorem by Gromov is given: for any positive C and any integer n greater than 1, there exists a function Δ _C,n (δ) such that if the Gromov–Hausdorff distance between two complete Riemannian n-manifolds V and W is at most δ, their sectional curvaturcs |K _σ | do not exceed C, and their injectivity radii are at least 1/C, than the Lipschitz distance between V and W is less than Δ _C,n (δ), and Δ _C,n (δ) → 0 as δ → 0. Bibliography: 6 titles.     

A topological version of Liapunov’s theorem

Given a nonatomic finite-dimensional vector measure on a topological space, a criterion is established for obtaining its full range by considering open (or closed) sets only.     

A topological proof of Sklar’s theorem

We present a proof of Sklar’s Theorem that uses topological arguments, namely compactness (under the weak topology) of the class of copulas and some density properties of the class of distribution functions.