Elastic hadron scattering on Li isotopes at intermediate energies

The elastic scattering of hadrons (protons, charged pions, and positively charged kaons) on ^6,7,8Li nuclei is analyzed on the basis of Glauber-Sitenko diffraction theory. A few nuclear-wave-function versions found within two-and three-particle potential cluster models are used in the calculations. It is shown that the application of these wave functions in diffraction theory makes it possible to describe adequately the experimental differential cross sections and analyzing powers in hadron scattering at intermediate energies. In this study, particular attention is given to a comparison of the scattering of different particles on the same target nucleus, as well as to a comparison of scattering of particles of the same sort on different target nuclei.     

Dilepton emission from dense hadron gas

Using a Hagedorn resonance gas picture and quark-hadron duality we estimate the dilepton emission rate in the vicinity of the QCD deconfinement phase transition. The result is then used to calculate a dilepton spectrum in ultrarelativistic heavy ion collisions. We show that multibody contributions taken into account in the Hagedorn resonance gas approach provide an enhancement of the production rate massive dileptons as compared to the previously considered sources. Received: 20 October 1997 / Published online: 10 March 1998     

The hadron spectrum from lattice QCD

Determining the hadron spectrum and hadron properties beyond the ground states is a challenge in lattice QCD. Most of these results have been in the quenched approximation but now we are entering the dynamical era. I review some of the ideas and methods of the lattice approach, concentrating on a few examples and on results obtained for Chirally Improved (CI) fermions.     

System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions

In this comprehensive study the multiplicity characteristics of the backward emitted relativistic hadron(shower particle) through hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus are overviewed in three dimensions. These dimensions are the projectile size, target size, and energy. To confirm the universality in this production system, wide ranges of system size and energy(Elab ～2.1 A up to 200 A GeV) are used. The multiplicity characteristics of this hadron imply a limiting behavior with respect to the projectile size and energy. The target size is the main effective parameter in this production system. The exponential decay shapes is a characteristic feature of the backward shower particle multiplicity distributions. The decay constant changes with the target size to be nearly 2.02, 1.41, and 1.12 for the interactions with CNO, Em, and Ag Br nuclei, respectively, irrespective of the projectile size and energy. While the backward production probability and average multiplicity are constants at different projectile sizes and energies, they can be correlated with the target size in power law relations.     

System size dependence in backward relativistic hadron production in pA and AA collisions

Abstract： In this comprehensive study the multiplicity characteristics of the backward emitted relativistic hadron （shower particle） through hadron-nucleus and nucleus-nucleus are overviewed in three dimensions. These dimensions are the projectile size, target size, and energy. To confirm the universality in this production system, wide ranges of system size and energy （Elab～2.1 A up to 200 A GeV） are used. The multiplicity characteristics of this hadron imply a limiting behavior with respect to the projectile size and energy. The target size is the main effective parameter in this production system. The exponential decay shapes is a characteristic feature of the backward shower particle multiplicity distributions. The decay constant changes with the target size to be nearly 2.02, 1.41, and 1.12 for the interactions with CNO, Era, and AgBr nuclei, respectively, irrespective of the projectile size and energy. While the backward production probability and average multiplicity are constants at different projectile sizes and energies, they can be correlated with the target size in power law relations.     

QCD phase transitions from relativistic hadron models

The models of translationally invariant infinite nuclear matter in the relativistic mean field models are very interesting and simple, since the nucleon can connect only to a constant vector and scalar meson field. Can one connect these to the complicated phase transitions of QCD? For an affirmative answer to this question, one must consider models where the coupling contstants to the scalar and vector fields depend on density in a nonlinear way, since as such the models are not explicitly chirally invariant. Once this is ensured, indeed one can derive a quark condensate indirectly from the energy density of nuclear matter which goes to zero at large density and temperature. The change to zero condensate indicates a smooth phase transition.     

Recent results on hadron spectroscopy from BES

The BES-Ⅲ Detector is a very versatile multipurpose device located at the Institute of High Energy Physics(IHEP) in Beijing,China.Concerning the physics program it ties stringently up to the past BES and BES-Ⅱ experiments.Since start of the data taking in the middle of 2008 the accumulated dataset of 200·106 J/ψ events and 100·106 ψ events already exceeds the world data on these resonances.In addition to studies of the charmonium systems the data offers great opportunity for investigations in the light hadron sector.In detail it will be reported about the confirmation of the enhancement in p invariant mass in radiative J/ψ decays,the search for decays Y(2175) → K0 K0,observation of a charged κ± in K±π0 and observation of a new excited baryon N(2065) decaying to pπ0 and charged conjugate.The first result is based on data taken by BES-Ⅱ and BES-Ⅲ,the latter three on data collected by BES-Ⅱ only.     

Precise hadron mass calculations from lattice QCD

By using scalar as opposed to spin-$\text{1}\text{2}$ quarks and treating spin effects perturbatively, the masses of the lowest lying 0^- and 1^- mesons above 1 GeV (the J/Ψ, η_c, D, D¹, F, F¹, and φ) are calculated to 1%. The masses of the K¹, ?, and K are respectively obtained to 3%, 8% and 30%. Certain (spin-averaged) linear combinations of baryon masses are also computed. The nucleon-delta result differs from experiment by 8%. For heavier baryons the error is smaller. Scalar lattice QCD seems to be a promising approach to the strong interactions.     

Recent results on hadron spectroscopy from BES

The BES-Ⅲ Detector is a very versatile multipurpose device located at the Institute of High Energy Physics （IHEP） in Beijing, China. Concerning the physics program it ties stringently up to the past BES and BES-Ⅱ experiments. Since start of the data taking in the middle of 2008 the accumulated dataset of 200.10^6 J/ψ events and 100.10^6 ψ＇ events already exceeds the world data on these resonances. In addition to studies of the charmonium systems the data offers great opportunity for investigations in the light hadron sector. In detail it will be reported about the confirmation of the enhancement in pp invariant mass in radiative J/ψ decays, the search for decays Y（2175） → K＊0K＊0, observation of a charged K^± in K^±π^0 and observation of a new excited baryon N＊（2065） decaying to pπ^0 and charged onjugate. The first result is based on data taken by BES-Ⅱ and BES-Ⅲ, the latter three on data collected by BES-Ⅱ only.     

QCD phase transitions from relativistic hadron models

The models of translationally invariant infinite nuclear matter in the relativistic mean field models are very interesting and simple, since the nucleon can connect only to a constant vector and scalar meson field. Can one connect these to the complicated phase transitions of QCD? For an affirmative answer to this question, one must consider models where the coupling contstants to the scalar and vector fields depend on density in a nonlinear way, since as such the models are not explicitly chirally invariant. Once this is ensured, indeed one can derive a quark condensate indirectly from the energy density of nuclear matter which goes to zero at large density and temperature. The change to zero condensate indicates a smooth phase transition.     

Inclusive hadron photoproduction from longitudinally polarized protons and deuterons

We report measurements of the asymmetry A₆ for inclusive hadron production on longitudinally polarized proton and deuteron targets by circularly polarized photons. The photons were produced via internal and external bremsstrahlung from an electron beam of 48.35 GeV. Asymmetries for both positive and negative signed hadrons, and a subset of identified pions, were measured in the momentum range 10<P<30 GeV at 2.75° and 5.5°. Small non-zero asymmetries are observed for the proton, while the deuteron results are consistent with zero. Recent calculations do not describe the data well.     

Large angle hadron correlations from medium-induced gluon radiation

Final state medium-induced gluon radiation in ultradense nuclear matter is examined and shown to favor large angle emission when compared to vacuum bremsstrahlung due to the suppression of collinear gluons. Perturbative expression for the contribution of its hadronic fragments to the back-to-back particle correlations is derived. It is found that in the limit of large jet energy loss gluon radiation determines the yield and angular distribution of dihadrons to high transverse momenta p_T2 of the associated particles. Clear transition from enhancement to suppression of the away-side hadron correlations is established at moderate p_T2 and its experimentally accessible features are predicted versus the trigger particle momentum p_T1.     

A method for the separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter

The separation and reconstructions of charged hadron and neutral hadron from their overlapped showers in an electromagnetic calorimeter is very important for the reconstructions of some particles with hadronic decays, for example the tau reconstruction in the searches for the Standard Model and supersymmetric Higgs bosons at the LHC. In this paper, a method combining the shower cluster in an electromagnetic calorimeter and the parametric formula for hadron showers, was developed to separate the overlapped showers between charged hadron and neutral hadron. Taking the hadronic decay containing one charged pion and one neutral pion in the final status of tau for example, satisfied results of the separation of the overlapped showers, the reconstructions of the energy and positions of the hadrons were obtained. An improved result for the tau reconstruction with this decay model can be also achieved after the application of the proposed method.     

Pion structure function from low-p T hadron production

The recombination model for low-p _T inclusive reactions is extended to the meson fragmentation region. Some basic issues in the model are rrexamined, and the differences between the proton and pion initiated reactions are stressed. By applying the model to theπ ⁺ p→K ⁺ X reaction, the fast valence quark distribution in the pion is extracted. Our best fit to the data yieldsF _q ^π (x)～(1?x)^0.8±0.2 for largex.