On the Mean Value of the Product of Multiplicative Functions with Shifted Argument

In this paper, we consider the mean value of the product of multiplicative arithmetic functions with shifted argument. The investigated functions have to satisfy the following conditions: their moduli do not exceed 1; the values on the set of primes are close to 1 for one of the functions and close to a fixed complex number for the other function. Some consequences for the classical functions are given.     

Mean Values of Multiplicative Functions with Weight

We study the characteristics of the mean values of multiplicative functions, given the values of the functions on primes.     

Global convergence of modified multiplicative updates for nonnegative matrix factorization

Nonnegative matrix factorization (NMF) is the problem of approximating a given nonnegative matrix by the product of two nonnegative matrices. The multiplicative updates proposed by Lee and Seung are widely used as efficient computational methods for NMF. However, the global convergence of these updates is not formally guaranteed because they are not defined for all pairs of nonnegative matrices. In this paper, we consider slightly modified versions of the original multiplicative updates and study their global convergence properties. The only difference between the modified updates and the original ones is that the former do not allow variables to take values less than a user-specified positive constant. Using Zangwill’s global convergence theorem, we prove that any sequence of solutions generated by either of those modified updates has at least one convergent subsequence and the limit of any convergent subsequence is a stationary point of the corresponding optimization problem. Furthermore, we propose algorithms based on the modified updates that always stop within a finite number of iterations.     

Note on the Riemann-Hurwitz type formula for multiplicative sequences

We give a formula of the Riemann-Hurwitz type for classes defined by multiplicative sequences as corollaries of the Chern number formula for ramified coverings.

     

Derivatives and differentials for multiplicative intuitionistic fuzzy information

By using the unsymmetrical scale instead of the symmetrical scale, the multiplicative intuitionistic fuzzy sets (MIFSs) reflect our intuition more objectively. Each element in a MIFS is expressed by an ordered pair which is called a multiplicative intuitionistic fuzzy number (MIFN) and is based on the unbalanced scale (i.e., Saaty’s 1-9 scale). In order to describe the derivatives and differentials for multiplicative intuitionistic fuzzy information more comprehensively, in this paper, we firstly propose two new basic operational laws for MIFNs, which are the subtraction law and the division law. Secondly, we describe the change values of MIFNs when considering them as variables, classify these change values based on the basic operational laws for MIFNs, and depict the convergences of sequences of MIFNs by the subtraction and division laws. Finally, we focus on the multiplicative intuitionistic fuzzy functions and derive some basic results related to their continuities, derivatives and differentials, and also give their application in selecting the configuration of a computer.     

Voronoi summation formulae and multiplicative functions on permutations

We prove a Tauberian theorem for the Voronoi summation method of divergent series with an estimate of the remainder term. The results on the Voronoi summability are then applied to analyze the mean values of multiplicative functions on random permutations.     

Random attractor for stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with multiplicative noise on unbounded domains

In this paper we study the asymptotic dynamics for stochastic reaction-diffusion equation with multiplicative noise defined on unbounded domains. We investigate the existence of a random attractor for the random dynamical system associated with the equation. The asymptotic compactness of the random dynamical system is established by using uniform a priori estimates for far-field values of solutions and a cut-off technique.     

Multiplicative structure in weighted BMOA spaces

We study the multiplicative structure of holomorphic functions in the space BMOA_φ, defined by a decrease condition on the mean oscillation. The inner and outer factors occurring in the canonical factorization of such functions are completely characterized by explicit quantitative conditions.     

Distribution modulo 1 of a linear sequence associated to a multiplicative function evaluated at polynomial arguments

In two previous papers,the first named author jointly with Florian Luca and Henryk Iwaniec,have studied the distribution modulo 1 of sequences which have linear growth and are mean values of multiplicative functions on the set of all the integers.In this note,we give a first result concerning sequences with linear growth associated to the mean values of multiplicative functions on a set of polynomial values,proving the density modulo 1 of the sequencem[∑((m2+1))(m2+1)(m≤n)]n.This result is but an illustration of the theme which is currently being developed in the PhD thesis of the second named author.     

Generalization of the multiplicative Fourier transform and its properties

We consider a new class of functions on the semiaxis for which the multiplicative Fourier transform can be defined. We prove equalities of Parseval type, an inversion formula and a condition for the validity of representation in the form of the multiplicative Fourier transform.     

Mean first-passage time in a bistable system driven by multiplicative and additive colored noises with colored cross-correlation

The effect of any system parameter (include p, q, λ, τ₁, τ₂, τ₃) on the mean first-passage time is investigated in a symmetric bistable system driven by multiplicative and additive colored noise with colored cross-correlation. Expression of the mean first-passage time (MFPT) has been obtained by applying the steepest-descent approximation. The effects of the additive noise intensity and the multiplicative noise intensity on the MFPT are mostly different only with bigger positive values of the strength of correlations between multiplicative and additive noise; and the MFPT has a maximum with the increase of the multiplicative noise intensity. The effects of the noise self-correlation times on the MFPT are quite different from that of the correlation time between the noises as the strength of correlations between multiplicative and additive noise is positive.     

模糊数互补判断矩阵的乘性一致性检验及改进方法

针对模糊数互补判断矩阵的乘性一致性检验及改进问题进行研究。在文献[11]引入模糊数的Q-算子和模糊数互补判断矩阵的Q-算子矩阵概念的基础上,通过构造具有乘性一致性的特征矩阵及偏差矩阵,建立了衡量乘性一致性程度的指标值并用设定阈值的方法给出了满意乘性一致性的概念,对于不满足满意乘性一致性的情况提出了改进方法。最后通过一个算例说明了此方法的可行性。     

DISTRIBUTION OF MULTIPLICATIVE FUNCTIONS DEFINED ON SEMIGROUPS

Abstract

The value distribution problem for real-valued multiplicative functions defined on an additive arithmetical semigroup is examined. We prove that, in contrast to the classical theory of number-theoretic functions defined on the semigroup of natural numbers, this problem is equivalent to that for additive functions only under some extra condition. In this way, applying the known results for additive functions we derive general sufficient conditions for the existence of a limit law for appropriately normalized multiplicative functions.     

Weierstrass Multiplicative Points on a Compact Riemann Surface

We introduce Weierstrass multiplicative points and develop the theory of Weierstrass multiplicative points for multiplicative meromorphic functions and Prym differentials on a compact Riemann surface. We prove some analogs of the Weierstrass and Noether theorems on the gaps of multiplicative functions. We obtain two-sided estimates for the number of Weierstrass multiplicative points and q-points. We propose a method for studying the Weierstrass and Noether gaps and Weierstrass multiplicative points by means of filtrations in the Jacobi variety of a compact Riemann surface.     

Algebraic independence results for the values of certain Mahler functions and their application to infinite products

In this paper we establish algebraic independence criteria for the values at an algebraic point of Mahler functions each of which satisfies either a multiplicative type of functional equation or an additive one. As application we construct, using a linear recurrence sequence, an entire function defined by an infinite product such that its values as well as its all successive derivatives at algebraic points other than its zeroes are algebraically independent. Zeroes of such an entire function form a subsequence of the linear recurrence sequence. We prove the algebraic independency by reducing those values at algebraic points to those of Mahler functions.     

On a conjecture of Emma Lehmer

In this paper we give proof of a conjecture of Emma Lehmer regarding the number of totally multiplicative functions taking on the values ±1 for which there are no positive integers a,a+1,a+3 with f(a)=f(a+1)=f(a+3)=+1.     

A fixed point index theory for symmetric product mappings

In this paper we develop a fixed point index theory for symmetric product mappings of ENR-spaces. For such mappings we show that an index can be defined which is an extension of the usual integer-valued fixed point index. Further, we show that the classical properties of the index hold in this setting: The index is additive, multiplicative and commutative, the index is preserving under homotopy, and finally, the index is equal to the Lefschetz number as defined by Maxwell [9].     

Complexity of prime-dimensional sequences over a finite field

V.?I. Arnold has recently defined the complexity of a sequence of n zeros and ones with the help of the operator of finite differences. In this paper we describe the results obtained for almost most complex sequences of elements of a finite field, whose dimension n is a prime number. We prove that, with n→∞, this property is inherent in almost all sequences, while the values of multiplicative functions possess this property with any n different from the characteristic of the field. We also describe the prime values of the parameter n which make the logarithmic function almost most complex. All these sequences reveal a stronger complexity; its algebraic sense is quite clear.     

Multilevel additive and multiplicative methods for orthogonal spline collocation problems

Summary. Multilevel preconditioners are proposed for the iterative solution of the discrete problems which arise when orthogonal spline collocation with piecewise Hermite bicubics is applied to the Dirichlet boundary value problem for a self-adjoint elliptic partial differential equation on a rectangle. Additive and multiplicative preconditioners are defined respectively as sums and products of independent operators on a sequence of nested subspaces of the fine partition approximation space. A general theory of additive and multiplicative Schwarz methods is used to prove that the preconditioners are spectrally equivalent to the collocation discretization of the Laplacian with the spectral constants independent of the fine partition stepsize and the number of levels. The preconditioned conjugate gradient and preconditioned Orthomin methods are considered for the solution of collocation problems. An implementation of the methods is discussed and the results of numerical experiments are presented. Received March 1, 1994 / Revised version received January 23, 1996     

Dynamics of Mandelbrot cascades

Mandelbrot multiplicative cascades provide a construction of a dynamical system on a set of probability measures defined by inequalities on moments. To be more specific, beyond the first iteration, the trajectories take values in the set of fixed points of smoothing transformations (i.e., some generalized stable laws). Studying this system leads to a central limit theorem and to its functional version. The limit Gaussian process can also be obtained as limit of an “additive cascade” of independent normal variables.