Two-phase synthesis of colloidal annular-shaped Ce(x)La(1-x)CO3OH nanoarchitectures assembled from small particles and their thermal conversion to derived mixed oxides

Undoped and cerium doped LaCO(3)OH annular-shaped nanoarchitectures with high specific surface area have been fabricated via the thermolysis of Ce(x)La(1-x)(oleate)(3) (x = 0-20 mol %) complexes in a toluene-water system containing tert-butylamine/oleylamine. The products exhibit 400 nm-sized monodisperse annular-shaped nanoarchitectures, which are constituted of 3-5 nm-sized primary particles. A possible mechanism of the reaction of Ce(x)La(1-x)(oleate)(3) and tert-butylamine for the formation of annular-shaped Ce(x)La(1-x)CO(3)OH nanoarchitectures is proposed. The thermal conversion of Ce(x)La(1-x)CO(3)OH to Ce(x)La(1-x)(CO(3))O(2) at 600 °C, to Ce(x)La(1-x)(OH)(3) at 800 °C, final to (Ce(x)La(1-x))(2)O(3-δ) at 900 °C were employed, while the original morphology was essentially unchanged. The dopant concentration was varied from 5 to 20 of cerium ions per LaCO(3)OH nanoparticle. The X-ray diffraction (XRD) results reveal that the cerium dopant could enter easily into the LaCO(3)OH structural lattice, whereas copper could unlikely enter into their lattice because of their large ionic radius difference. The cerium oxidation state was controlled by changing doping concentration. The X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) results reveal that only one Ce(3+) oxidation state is in the as-synthesized Ce(x)La(1-x)CO(3)OH samples with cerium concentration ranging from 5 to 20 mol %, whereas both 3+ and 4+ ones coexisted in 20 mol % Ce:LaCO(3)OH structure. Remarkable luminescence emission intensity enhancement of 1.5-9.0 times were observed for Ce(x)La(1-x)CO(3)OH samples with cerium concentration ranging from 5 to 20 mol %, after doping with an undoped LaCO(3)OH.     

Stability of luminescent trivalent cerium in silica host glasses modified by boron and phosphorus

Ce-doped borosilicate (BSG), phosphosilicate (PSG), and borophosphosilicate (BPSG) glasses (B:P:Si molar ratios 8:0:92, 0:8:92, and 8:8:84; Ce:Si molar ratio 1 x 10(-)(4) to 1 x 10(-)(2)) were prepared by the sol-gel method. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM), (31)P, (29)Si, and (11)B magic angle spinning nuclear magnetic resonance (MAS NMR), electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR), and UV-vis absorption investigations demonstrated that, in PSG and BPSG, Ce(3+) ions interact with phosphoryl, [O=PO(3/2)], metaphosphate, [O=PO(2/ 2)O](-), and pyrophosphate, [O=PO(1/2)O(2)](2)(-), groups, linked to a silica network. This inhibits both CeO(2) segregation and oxidation of isolated Ce(3+) ions to Ce(4+), up to Ce:Si = 5 x 10(-)(3). In BSG, neither trigonal [BO(3/2)] nor tetrahedral [BO(4/2)](-) boron units coordinate cerium; thus, Ce(3+) oxidation occurs even at Ce:Si = 1 x 10(-)(4), as in pure silica glass (SG). The homogeneous rare-earth dispersion in the host matrix and the stabilization of the Ce(3+) oxidation state enhanced the intensity of the photoluminescence emission in PSG and BPSG with respect to BSG and SG. The energy of the Ce(3+) emission band in PSG and BPSG matrixes agrees with the phosphate environment of the rare earth.     

Fluorimetry determination of trace Ce3+ with EDTP

The use of ethylenediaminetetrakis(methylphosphonic) acid (EDTP) in the fluorimetry determination of trace amounts of Ce3+ ions is described. The fluorescence intensity of Ce3+ was greatly enhanced when an 1:1 complex with EDTP in solution of pH 7-8 formed. The apparent excitation and emission wavelength used were 313 and 397 nm, respectively. The fluorescence intensity varied linearly with the concentration of Ce3+ in the range of 1 x 10(-8) -1 x 10(-4) mol l(-1). The quenching effects of coexist ions (other rare earth ions, Fe3+ and some inorganic anions) were studied. This technique has unique advantage in eliminating disturb of coexist.     

The surfactant sensitized analytical reaction of cerium(IV) with some triphenylformazan derivatives

Cationic surfactant, cetylpyridinium bromide (CPB), sensitizes the colour reaction of cerium(IV) with 1,3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(I), 1-m-hydroxyphenyl-3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(II) and 1-m-carboxyphenyl-3-o-hydroxyphenyl-5-phenylformazan(III). The formation of a soluble ternary complex of stoichiometric ratio 1:1:1 (Ce(IV)-R-CPB) is responsible for the observed enhancement in the molar absorptivity and Sandell sensitivity of the formed complex, when a surfactant is present. The ternary complex exhibits absorption maxima at 596, 571 and 607 nm (epsilon=6.05 x 10(4), 6.28 x 10(4) and 8.06 x 10(4)L mol(-1)cm(-1)) using triphenylformazan derivatives I, II and III, respectively. Beer's law is obeyed between 0.15 and 2.5 microg ml(-1), whereas, optimum concentration range applying Ringbom method is in the range 0.30-2.25 microg ml(-1). Conditional formation constants in the presence and absence of CPB for Ce(IV) complexes have been calculated. The proposed method has been successfully applied to the analysis of magnesium-base cerium alloys and synthetic mixtures corresponding to various cerium alloys.     

Spectrophotometric determination of cerium subgroup rare earths in nickel-base alloys in the presence of yttrium with p-acetylchlorophosphonazo and mixed surfactants

Rare earth elements react with p-acetylchlorophosphonazo (CPApA) to form colour complexes. In the presence of emulsifier OP and cetylpyridinium chloride (CPC), the yttrium complex is not formed because of micellar masking, while the cerium subgroup rare earths give more sensitive reactions with CPApA(epsilon(Ce) = 1.16 x 10(5) 1 . mol(-1) . cm(-1)) due to micellar sensitization. Most foreign ions can be tolerated in considerable amounts. The optimum conditions of the complex formation reaction and the composition of the Ce-CPApA complex are described. A simple method is proposed for the determination of cerium subgroup rare earths in nickel-base alloys with satisfactory results.     

Energy transfer characteristics of the hydrogen peroxide induced Ce3+-Ce4+ mixture

Luminescence of Ce3+ in the hydrogen peroxide induced sulfuric acid solutions was observed to be quenched by Ce4+ ions in the solution by energy transfer due to electric dipole interaction between Ce3+ and Ce4+. A systematic investigation of the energy transfer characteristics of Ce3+-Ce4+ mixture has been made by measuring the absorption, luminescence and excitation spectra at room temperature. The effect of the concentration of Ce3+ on the energy transfer process has been also studied and the critical transfer distance (Ro) has been calculated considering F?rster type interaction between the ions and found to be 8.7 A for the mixture of 1 x 10(-4) mol 1(-1) Ce3+ and 3 x 10(-4) mol l(-1) Ce4+.     

高温高压合成的Ce1-xEuxO2-δ固溶体的价态和输运性质研究

Ce O2 具有典型的萤石结构 ,当晶格中产生氧缺位时则形成氧离子固体电解质材料 Ce O2 -δ.Ce O2中的氧缺位浓度可通过掺入不同价态的离子来调整 ,如通过掺杂 Ca,Sr,Y或其它稀土离子所形成的固溶体具有比 Y稳定的 Zr O2 更高的离子电导率 [1] .近年来通过水热法合成了一些 Ce O2 基固体电解质 [2～ 4 ] ,在对 (Ce O2 ) 1- x(Bi O1.5) x 固溶体的研究中发现 ,Bi2 O3在 Ce O2 中的固溶限可达 5 0 % ,而 Sm2 O3在 Ce O2 中的固溶限仅为 3 0 % .高温高压在化合物的合成方面具有可调节离子价态和阴离子缺位数等特点 .本文利用高温高压…     

纳米晶固溶体Ce0.8Nd0.2O2-δ的合成与表征

利用溶胶 -凝胶法合成纳米晶固溶体 Ce0 .8Nd0 .2 O2 -δ.XRD测试表明 ,胶体经 2 0 0℃烧结处理就可以得到晶粒尺寸为 7.2 nm的纳米晶 ,随烧结温度的升高 ,晶粒尺寸增大 .EPR测试给出固溶体 Ce0 .8Nd0 .2 O2 -δ存在少量的 Ce3 +离子 .在纳米晶固溶体 Ce0 .8Nd0 .2 O2 -δ的 Raman光谱上观察到两个峰 ,低频的强峰为特征F2 g振动谱带 ,高频谱带的出现与样品中存在氧缺位有关 .固溶体晶粒尺寸的减小不但使 F2 g振动谱带红移 ,而且谱带明显宽化 .复阻抗谱的测量表明 ,固溶体 Ce0 .8Nd0 .2 O2 -δ具有氧离子导电特性 .4 0 0和 50 0℃时的电导率分别为 4 .55× 1 0 -4 和 2 .65× 1 0 -3 S· cm-1,活化能为 0 .82 e V     

Separation of vanadium isotopes by ion-exchange chromatography

Cation-exchange displacement chromatography of VO2+ was carried out for studying vanadium isotope effects in carboxylate ligand-exchange systems. The heavier isotope 51V was enriched in the carboxylate complex solution. The isotope separation coefficients epsilon(= alpha-1) for 50V/51V were 2.2 x 10(-4) and 2.4 x 10(-4) for citrate and lactate systems at 298 K, respectively. These values are much larger than those obtained in a previous study on the malate system. The existence of binuclear complexes of VO2+ may create the conditions for larger isotope fractionation. From the viewpoint of the process development of isotope separation, the heights equivalent to a theoretical plate of these processes were analyzed and found to be very small in each system due to the homogeneous, small and highly porous resin used. Citrate may be better than the other tested systems for the vanadium isotope separation.     

Syntheses, structures, physical properties, and theoretical studies of CeMxOS (M = Cu, Ag; x approximately 0.8) and CeAgOS

Black single crystals of the two nonstoichiometric cerium coinage-metal oxysulfide compounds CeCu(x)OS and CeAg(x)OS (x approximately 0.8) have been prepared by the reactions of Ce2S3 and CuO or Ag2O at 1223 or 1173 K, respectively. A black powder sample of CeAgOS has been prepared by the stoichiometric reaction of Ce2S3, CeO2, Ag2S, and Ag at 1073 K. These isostructural materials crystallize in the ZrSiCuAs structure type with two formula units in the tetragonal space group P4/nmm. Refined crystal structure results and chemical analyses provide evidence that the previously known anomalously small unit-cell volume of LnCuOS for Ln = Ce (Ln = rare-earth metal) is the result of Cu vacancies and the concomitant presence of both Ce3+ and Ce4+. Both CeCu(0.8)OS and CeAgOS are paramagnetic with mu(eff) values of 2.13(6) and 2.10(1) mu(B), respectively. CeCu(0.8)OS is a p-type semiconductor with a thermal activation energy Ea = 0.22 eV, sigma(electrical) = 9.8(1) 10(-3) S/cm at 298 K, and an optical band gap Eg < 0.73 eV. CeAgOS has conductivity sigma(conductivity) = 0.16(4) S/cm and an optical band gap Eg = 0.71 eV at 298 K. Theoretical calculations with an on-site Coulomb repulsion parameter indicate that the Ce 4f states are fully spin-polarized and are not localized in CeCuOS, CeCu(0.75)OS, or CeAgOS. Calculated band gaps for CeCu(0.75)OS and CeAgOS are 0.6 and 0.8 eV, respectively.     

稀土-氨基J酸偶氮氯膦-氯代十四烷基吡啶-乙醇多元络合物的研究及分析应用

本文研究了氨基-J酸偶氮氯膦在阳离子表面活性剂存在下与稀土元素形成多元络合物的显色反应,并进行了实样分析。     

Equilibrium and formation/dissociation kinetics of some Ln(III)PCTA complexes

The protonation constants () of 3,6,9,15-tetraazabicyclo[9.3.1]pentadeca-1(15),11,13-triene-3,6,9-triacetic acid (PCTA) and stability constants of complexes formed between this pyridine-containing macrocycle and several different metal ions have been determined in 1.0 M KCl at 25 degrees C and compared to previous literature values. The first protonation constant was found to be 0.5-0.6 log units higher than the value reported previously, and a total of five protonation steps were detected (log = 11.36, 7.35, 3.83, 2.12, and 1.29). The stability constants of complexes formed between PCTA and Mg2+, Ca2+, Cu2+, and Zn2+ were also somewhat higher than those previously reported, but this difference could be largely attributed to the higher first protonation constant of the ligand. Stability constants of complexes formed between PCTA and the Ln3+ series of ions and Y3+ were determined by using an "out-of-cell" potentiometric method. These values ranged from log K = 18.15 for Ce(PCTA) to log K = 20.63 for Yb(PCTA), increasing along the Ln series in proportion to decreasing Ln3+ cation size. The rates of complex formation for Ce(PCTA), Eu(PCTA), Y(PCTA), and Yb(PCTA) were followed by conventional UV-vis spectroscopy in the pH range 3.5-4.4. First-order rate constants (saturation kinetics) obtained for different ligand-to-metal ion ratios were consistent with the rapid formation of a diprotonated intermediate, Ln(H(2)PCTA)(2+). The stabilities of the intermediates as determined from the kinetic data were 2.81, 3.12, 2.97, and 2.69 log K units for Ce(H(2)PCTA), Eu(H(2)PCTA), Y(H(2)PCTA), and Yb(H(2)PCTA), respectively. Rearrangement of these intermediates to the fully chelated complexes was the rate-determining step, and the rate constant (k(r)) for this process was found to be inversely proportional to the proton concentration. The formation rates (k(OH)) increased with a decrease in the lanthanide ion size [9.68 x 10(7), 1.74 x 10(8), 1.13 x 10(8), and 1.11 x 10(9) M(-1) s(-1) for Ce(PCTA), Eu(PCTA), Y(PCTA), and Yb(PCTA), respectively]. These data indicate that the Ln(PCTA) complexes exhibit the fastest formation rates among all lanthanide macrocyclic ligand complexes studied to date. The acid-catalyzed dissociation rates (k1) varied with the cation from 9.61 x 10(-4), 5.08 x 10(-4), 1.07 x 10(-3), and 2.80 x 10(-4) M(-1) s(-1) for Ce(PCTA), Eu(PCTA), Y(PCTA), and Yb(PCTA), respectively.     

N-oxides of 4-(5-nonyl)pyridine and trioctylamine as extractants for cerium(IV) and its separation from thorium(IV)

Trace level cerium has been oxidized to the quadrivalent state with potassium dichromate and shown to be preferentially extracted from very dilute mineral acid solutions and also from moderate nitric acid media by 0.1M solutions of 4-(5-nonyl)pyridine oxide and trioctylamine oxide dissolved in xylene. The dependence of extraction on the type of N-oxide, acid concentration and the N-oxide concentration has been investigated. The influence of the concentration of salting-out agents is described. Separation factors for a number of metal ions relative to cerium(IV) are reported for 0.1 M 4-(5-nonyl)pyridine oxide/xylene-0.1M sulphuric acid system. The ratio of the D for Ce(IV) to that of Ce(III) is greater than 10⁵, and the D for Ce(IV) is much greater than that for thorium(IV). Separation of cerium(IV) from thorium has been achieved from 0.1M sulphuric acid solutions using 0.1M 4-(5-nonyl)pyridine oxide/xylene as an extractant.     

Electrooxidation of nitrite on a silica-cerium mixed oxide carbon paste electrode

A silica-cerium mixed oxide (SiCe) was prepared by the sol-gel process, using tetraethylorthosilicate and cerium nitrate as precursors and obtained as an amorphous solid possessing a specific surface area of 459 m(2) g(-1). Infrared spectroscopy of the SiCe material showed the formation of the Si-O-Ce linkage in the mixed oxide. Scanning electron microscopy/energy dispersive spectroscopy indicated that the cerium oxide particles were homogenously dispersed on the matrix surface. X-ray diffraction and (29)Si solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance implied non-crystalline silica matrices with chemical environments that are typical for silica-based mixed oxides. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy showed that Ce was present in approximately equal amounts of both the 3+ and 4+ oxidation states. Cyclic voltammetry data of electrode prepared from the silica-cerium mixed oxide showed a peak for oxidation of Ce(3+)/Ce(4+) at 0.76 V and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy equivalent circuit indicated a porous structure with low charge transfer resistance. In the presence of nitrite, the SiCe electrode shows an anodic oxidation peak at 0.76 V with a linear response as the concentration of the analyte increases from 3×10(-5) at 3.9×10(-3) mol L(-1).     

Sr2MgSiO5∶Ce3+的发光性质研究

报道了Sr2MgSiO5∶Ce3+荧光粉的发光性质.     

磷灰石结构荧光粉Ba10(PO4)6F2:Ce3+,Tb3+的合成、发光和能量传递

采用高温固相法合成了系列Ce~(3+)和Ce~(3+)/Tb~(3+)激活的具有磷灰石结构荧光粉Ba_(10)(PO_4)_6F_2。用X射线衍射(XRD)、扫描电镜(SEM)、激发和发射(PLE和PL)光谱对样品进行了表征分析。研究结果表明:所合成的荧光粉Ba_(10)(PO_4)_6F_2∶Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)具有氟磷灰石结构,样品微观呈现不规则形貌。荧光粉Ba10-x(PO4)6F2∶x Ce~(3+)的相对发射强度随着x增加而增强,当x=0.09时,荧光强度达到最大。荧光粉Ba_(10)(PO_4)_6F_2∶Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)的激发光谱为240～330 nm的宽带,发射光谱呈现出Ce~(3+)的5d→4f跃迁紫外光(335和358 nm)发射和Tb~(3+)的4f→4f跃迁绿光(542 nm)发射。光谱特性表明,发光过程中存在Ce~(3+)→Tb~(3+)能量传递,能量传递效率可以达到60%。计算Ce~(3+)和Tb~(3+)的临界距离为0.79 nm,能量传递机理是偶极-偶极交互作用。此外,详细论述了Ce~(3+)和Tb~(3+)之间的能量传递和发光的过程。通过调节Tb~(3+)的掺杂浓度,对荧光粉发光色坐标与Tb~(3+)的掺杂浓度之间的关系也进行了研究,随着Tb~(3+)的掺杂量从0增加0.52,荧光粉Ba_(10)(PO_4)_6F_2∶Ce~(3+),Tb~(3+)的发射光谱色坐标可以从(0.149 4,0.045 1)蓝色区变化到(0.280 1,0.585 3)绿色区。     

Structural,electrical, and magnetic properties of a series of molecular conductors based on BDT-TTP and lanthanoid nitrate complex anions (BDT-TTP = 2,5-Bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene)

The platelike crystals of a series of novel molecular conductors, which are based on the pi-donor molecules BDT-TTP (2,5-bis(1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene)-1,3,4,6-tetrathiapentalene) with a tetrathiapentalene skeleton and lanthanide nitrate complex anions [Ln(NO3)x](3-x)(Ln = La, Ce, (Pr), Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb, Lu) with localized 4f magnetic moments, were synthesized. Except for the Ce complex, the salts were composed of (BDT-TTP)(5)[Ln(NO(3))(5)] and were isostructural. Even though the Ce crystal had a different composition, (BDT-TTP)(6)[Ce(NO(3))(6)](C(2)H(5)OH)(x)() (x approximately 3), the crystals all had the space group P(-)1. Although the X-ray examination of the Pr salts was insufficient, the existence of two modifications was suggested in these systems by preliminary X-ray examination. Previously, we reported the crystal structures and unique magnetic properties of (BDT-TTP)(5)[Ln(NO(3))(5)] (Ln = Sm, Eu, Nd, Gd). Thus, by combining the results of this work with previous one, we for the first time succeeded in obtaining a complete set of organic conductors composed of the identical pi-donors (BDT-TTP in this case) and all the lanthanide nitrate complex anions (except the complex with Pm(3+)). The crystals were all metallic down to 2 K. Electronic band structure calculations resulted in two-dimensional Fermi surfaces, which was consistent with their stable metallic states. Except for the Lu complex, which lacked paramagnetic moments, the magnetic susceptibilities were measured on the six heavy lanthanide ion complex salts by a SQUID magnetometer (Ln = Tb, Dy, Ho, Er, Tm, Yb). The large paramagnetic susceptibilities, which were caused by the paramagnetic moments of the rare-earth ions, were obtained. The Curie-Weiss law fairly accurately reproduced the temperature dependence of the magnetic susceptibilities of (BDT-TTP)(5)[Ho(NO(3))(5)] in the experimental temperature range (2-300 K) and a comparatively large Weiss temperature (|THETAV;|) was obtained (THETAV;(Ho) = -15 K). A Weiss temperature (THETAV;(Tm) = -8 K) was also obtained for Tm. The |THETAV;| values of other (BDT-TTP)(5)[Ln(NO(3))(5)] salts and (BDT-TTP)(6)[Ce(NO(3))(6)](C(2)H(5)OH)x(x approximately 3) were as follows: |THETAV;|/K = 4 (Er), < or =2 (Ce, Tb, Dy, Yb). The comparatively strong intermolecular magnetic interaction between Ho(3+) ions, which was suggested by the |THETAV;| value, is inconsistent with the traditional image of strongly localized 4f orbitals shielded by the electrons in the outer 5s and 5p orbitals. The dipole interactions between Ln(3+) ions causing the Curie-Weiss behavior and the comparatively large THETAV; value of (BDT-TTP)(5)[Ho(NO(3))(5)] is inconsistent with the data, since the complexes exhibit isostructural properties and there is not a clear relationship between the magnitudes of THETAV; values and those of magnetic moments. Therefore, it is possible that the 4f orbitals of Ho atom are sensitive to the ligand field, which will have an effect on the orbital moment of the Ho(3+) ion and/or produce a small amount of mixing between 4f and ligand orbitals to give rise to "real" intermolecular antiferromagnetic interaction through intermolecular overlapping between pi (BDT-TTP) and ligand orbitals of lanthanide nitrate complex anions.     

Ce1－xPrxO2－δ (x＝0.05～0.30)固溶体的合成及其性质研究

利用溶胶-凝胶法合成了固溶体Ce1－xPrxO2－δ (x＝0.05～0.30). X射线衍射(XRD)分析表明, 在x≤0.30的范围内形成了单相萤石结构固溶体Ce1－xPrxO2－δ; X射线光电子能谱(XPS)结果表明, 样品中氧缺位浓度随掺杂量增大而增大, 铈离子主要为Ce4＋离子, 镨离子以混合价态Pr3＋和Pr4＋存在; 拉曼光谱(Raman)观察到两个峰, 458 cm－1峰为特征F2g振动谱带, 较宽的570 cm－1峰与样品中氧离子缺位有关; 交流阻抗谱测试表明, 固溶体Ce1－xPrxO2－δ的电导率随掺杂量增加而增大, x＝0.2时, 电导率达到最大, 活化能较低, σ600 ℃＝3.28×10－2 S/cm, σ700 ℃＝6.06×10－2 S/cm, Ea＝0.54 eV (250～650 ℃), Ea＝0.49 eV (650～800 ℃).     

Determination of trace metals in hydrothermal calcites by ICP-methods

Lanthanum, cerium, and europium in calcites from carbonate-sulfide banded ores were determined by standard addition using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). The concentration ranges in solution were for La 700-36 ng/g, Ce 2000-149 ng/g, and for Eu 140-2.4 ng/g. Only Ce was determined by both ICP methods, and the results agree within 3 to 4%. In a second step, a scan over the mass range of the rare earth elements (REE) was performed. The solutions were analyzed directly without applying preconcentration or separation procedures. ICP atomic emission spectrometry (AES) was used to determine Ca, Mn, and Fe. The matrix Ca is present in a concentration range from 1600 to 1300 g/g and the major impurities Mn and Fe are 152-32 and 100-28 g/g, respectively. The detection limits of ICP-MS for REE are found to be better by two orders of magnitude than for ICP-AES. A commercially available SCIEX Elan ICP-MS with additional software was used to make mathematical corrections for isobaric interferences and molecular ions.Presented in part at the 1989 European Winter Conference on Plasma Spectrochemistry, Reutte, Austria     

Hydrolysis of oligodeoxynucleotide phosphodiester linkages

The hydrolysis of 26-mer oligodeoxynucleotide (26-mer ODN) by cerium ions is reported. The process was analyzed by electrophoresis and the surface enhanced Raman scattering spectroscopy (SERS). Ce3+ could be oxidized to Ce4+ in oxygen atmosphere, and only Ce4+ could be used in the cleavage of ODN. We systematically studied the hydrolysis of ODN in various conditions.