Analysis of viscous flow due to a stretching sheet with surface slip and suction

The viscous flow due to a stretching sheet with slip and suction is studied. The Navier–Stokes equations admit exact similarity solutions. For two-dimensional stretching a closed-form solution is found and uniqueness is proved. For axisymmetric stretching both existence and uniqueness are shown. The boundary value problem is then integrated numerically.     

Approximate analytical solution for MHD stagnation-point flow in porous media

In this paper, the steady two-dimensional laminar forced MHD Hiemenz flow against a flat plate with variable wall temperature in a porous medium which was solved numerically using the implicit finite-difference of Keller-box method [Yih KA. The effect of uniform suction/blowing on heat transfer of magnetohydrodynamic Hiemenz flow through porous media. Acta Mech 1998;130:147–58] is revisited. A simple analytic approach of the Adomian decomposition method (ADM) is employed to obtain an approximate analytical solution of the problem. The skin friction coefficient and the rate of heat transfer given by the ADM are in good agreement with the numerical solutions of the Keller-box method.     

精确的磁流体动力学汇流解析解

就一个特殊的磁流体动力学(MHD)流动,即速度幂指数为-1时的汇流,得到著名的Falkner-Skan方程精确的解析解.解析解是封闭的,并有多重解分支.分析了磁场参数和壁面伸长参数的影响.发现了有趣的速度分布现象:即使壁面固定,回流区域依然出现.在一个罕见的FalknerSkan MHD流动中,得到了一组解,以精确封闭的解析公式表示,极大地丰富了著名的Falkner-Skan方程的解析解,也加深了对这重要又有趣方程的理解.     

On the similarity solutions for a steady MHD equation

In this paper, we investigate the similarity solutions for the steady laminar incompressible boundary layer equations governing the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow near the forward stagnation point of two-dimensional and axisymmetric bodies. This leads to the study of a boundary value problem involving a third order autonomous ordinary differential equation. Our main results are the existence, uniqueness and non-existence for concave or convex solutions.     

Error estimate of a fully discrete defect correction finite element method for unsteady incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics equations

In this study, a fully discrete defect correction finite element method for the unsteady incompressible Magnetohydrodynamics (MHD) equations, which is leaded by combining the Back Euler time discretization with the two-step defect correction in space, is presented. It is a continuous work of our formal paper [Math Method Appl Sci. 2017. DOI:10.1002/mma.4296]. The defect correction method is an iterative improvement technique for increasing the accuracy of a numerical solution without applying a grid refinement. Firstly, the nonlinear MHD equation is solved with an artificial viscosity term. Then, the numerical solutions are improved on the same grid by a linearized defect-correction technique. Then, we introduce the numerical analysis including stability analysis and error analysis. The numerical analysis proves that our method is stable and has an optimal convergence rate. Some numerical results [see Math Method Appl Sci. 2017. DOI:10.1002/mma.4296] show that this method is highly efficient for the unsteady incompressible MHD problems.     

Slip MHD viscous flow over a stretching sheet – An exact solution

In this paper, the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow under slip condition over a permeable stretching surface is solved analytically. The solution is given in a closed form equation and is an exact solution of the full governing Navier–Stokes equations. The effects of the slip, the magnetic, and the mass transfer parameters are discussed. Results show that there is only one physical solution for any combination of the slip, the magnetic, and the mass transfer parameters. The velocity and shear stress profiles are greatly influenced by these parameters.     

Analytical solution of hydromagnetic flow with Hall effect over a surface stretching with a power‐law velocity

The nonlinear magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) flow problem with Hall current caused by stretching surface having power law velocity distribution is solved by employing homotopy analysis method (HAM). Perturbation solution of stream function, the expression of skin friction coefficient and graphical results in absence of Hall current (Chiam, Int J Eng Sci 33 (1995), 429) are recovered as the limiting cases. It is found that unlike the solution obtained by Chiam (1995), the present results are valid for weak and large magnetic parameters. © 2010 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Numer Methods Partial Differential Eq 27: 937–959, 2011     

A Perturbation Method for Solving Torus Problems in Electrostatics

Considering an axisymmetric electrostatic problem in which thereis just one conductor or dielectric the surface of which isa torus of revolution, a perturbation technique is developedwhich may allow one to proceed to the solution by starting withthe solution of the two-dimensional problem for the same crosssection. The method is applied to a general torus of revolutionwith elliptic section, having as special case the ordinary torus(anchor ring) and, as limiting cases, various ring-shaped laminae.Capacity formulae are obtained, some probably representing newresults, and others whose predictions are compared with resultsthat have been obtained by other methods.     

An exponential decay estimate for the stationary axisymmetric perturbation of Poiseuille flow in a circular pipe

We prove a decay estimate for the steady state incompressible Navier-Stokes equations. The estimate describes the exponential decay, in the axial direction of a semi-infinite circular tube, for an energy-type functional in terms of the axisymmetric perturbation of Poiseuille flow, provided that the Reynolds number does not exceed a critical value, for which we exhibit a lower and an upper bound. Since the motion is considered axisymmetric we use a stream function formulation, and the results are similar to those obtained by Horgan [8], for a two-dimensional channel flow problem. For the Stokes problem our estimate for the rate of decay is a lower bound to the actual rate of decay which is obtained from an asymptotic solution to the Stokes equations. Finally we describe a numerical approach to computing bounds to the energy functionalE(0).     

Velocity and pressure distribution in the gap of a disk extruder

The axisymmetric two-dimensional flow of a polymer melt in the plane gap of a disk extruder produced by the normal stress effect is considered. The polymer is assumed to be a nonlinear viscoelastic medium, whose strain history is expressed by means of kinematic matrices. A rheological equation of state of the medium, in which all the invariants of the kinematic matrices are function of strain rate intensity, is established. The laws of distribution of the radial and tangential velocity components over the gap are found from the solution of the equations of motion, and expressions are obtained for the radial pressure distribution and the integral thrust.Volgograd Polytechnic Institute. Translated from Mekhanika Polimerov, No. 3, pp. 515–521, May–June, 1971.     

Singularity formation to the 2D Cauchy problem of nonbarotropic magnetohydrodynamic equations without heat conductivity

The question of whether the two-dimensional (2D) nonbarotropic compressible magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations with zero heat conduction can develop a finite-time singularity from smooth initial data is a challenging open problem in fluid dynamics and mathematics. Such a problem is interesting in studying global well-posedness of solutions. In this paper, we proved that, for the initial density allowing vacuum states, the strong solution exists globally if the density and the pressure are bounded from above. Our method relies on weighted energy estimates and a Hardy-type inequality.     

Natural convection on a vertical stretching cylinder

The flow and natural (or mixed) convection due to a vertical stretching cylinder is studied. Using similarity transforms, the Navier-Stokes and energy equations reduce to a set of nonlinear ordinary differential equations. Asymptotic analysis for large Reynolds numbers shows the relation between axisymmetric flow and two-dimensional flow. Due to the algebraic decay of the similarity functions, numerical integration is performed using a compressed coordinate. The axial velocity is composed of forced convection due to stretching and natural convection from the heated cylinder. The heat transfer increases with both the Reynolds number and the Prandtl number. The result is also a rare similarity solution of the free convection and Navier-Stokes equations.     

On generalised MHD couette flow with heat transfer

In the case of short-circuited generalised MHD Couette flow the rate of heat transfer, in general, increases with the increase in the value of both the Hartmann number and the pressure gradient. Especially, at the lower stationary plate it is affected by the magnetic field, which is not observed in the case of plane MHD Couette flow.     

Nano boundary layers over stretching surfaces

In this paper, we present similarity solutions for the nano boundary layer flows with Navier boundary condition. We consider viscous flows over a two-dimensional stretching surface and an axisymmetric stretching surface. The resulting nonlinear ordinary differential equations are solved analytically by the Homotopy Analysis Method. Numerical solutions are obtained by using a boundary value problem solver, and are shown to agree well with the analytical solutions. The effects of the slip parameter K and the suction parameter s on the fluid velocity and on the tangential stress are investigated and discussed. As expected, we find that for such fluid flows at nano scales, the shear stress at the wall decreases (in an absolute sense) with an increase in the slip parameter K.     

Piecewise parabolic method on a local stencil for ideal magnetohydrodynamics

A numerical scheme based on the piecewise parabolic method on a local stencil (PPML) is proposed for solving the ideal magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) equations. The method makes use of the conservation of Riemann invariants along the characteristics of the MHD equations. As a result, a local stencil can be used to construct a numerical solution. This approach improves the dissipative properties of the numerical scheme and is convenient in the case of adaptive grids. The basic stages in the design of the scheme are illustrated in the two-dimensional case. The conservation of the solenoidal property of the magnetic field is discussed. The scheme is tested using several typical MHD problems.     

Heat transfer in MHD viscoelastic boundary layer flow over a stretching sheet with thermal radiation and non-uniform heat source/sink

An analysis has been carried out to study the flow and heat transfer characteristics for MHD viscoelastic boundary layer flow over an impermeable stretching sheet with space and temperature dependent internal heat generation/absorption (non-uniform heat source/sink), viscous dissipation, thermal radiation and magnetic field due to frictional heating. The flow is generated due to linear stretching of the sheet and influenced by uniform magnetic field, which is applied vertically in the flow region. The governing partial differential equations for the flow and heat transfer are transformed into ordinary differential equations by a suitable similarity transformation. The governing equations with the appropriate conditions are solved exactly. The effects of viscoelastic parameter and magnetic parameter on skin friction and the effects of viscous dissipation, non-uniform heat source/sink and the thermal radiation on heat transfer characteristics for two general cases namely, the prescribed surface temperature (PST) case and the prescribed wall heat flux (PHF) case are presented graphically and discussed. The numerical results for the wall temperature gradient (the Nusselt number) are presented in tables and are discussed.     

Preliminary tests of a hybrid numerical-asymptotic method for solving nonlinear advection-diffusion equations in a domain limited by a self-adjusting boundary

An advection-diffusion equation is examined in which the diffusion coefficient is proportional to a positive power of the dependent variable, h. Because the diffusion coefficient is zero where h is zero, it is believed that the domain where h ≠ 0 expands at a finite velocity, u_η, which must be calculated in an appropriate way if an accurate numerical solution technique is to be implemented. An asymptotic study leads to a local approximation of u_η. The latter is then utilized in a finite volume solution of an axisymmetric problem where an exact solution can be obtained. The accuracy of the numerical results is excellent. Some peculiarities of the numerical solution are highlighted, and it is shown that they are due to the simplistic nature of the axisymmetric problem solved, which may be partly responsible for the high quality of the numerical results. Although the preliminary results are very encouraging, further testing of the method is needed, especially in fully two-dimensional cases.     

MHD power-law fluid flow and heat transfer over a non-isothermal stretching sheet

This article presents a numerical solution for the magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) non-Newtonian power-law fluid flow over a semi-infinite non-isothermal stretching sheet with internal heat generation/absorption. The flow is caused by linear stretching of a sheet from an impermeable wall. Thermal conductivity is assumed to vary linearly with temperature. The governing partial differential equations of momentum and energy are converted into ordinary differential equations by using a classical similarity transformation along with appropriate boundary conditions. The intricate coupled non-linear boundary value problem has been solved by Keller box method. It is important to note that the momentum and thermal boundary layer thickness decrease with increase in the power-law index in presence/absence of variable thermal conductivity.     

A Galerkin/Least-Square Finite Element Approximation of Branches of Nonsingular Solutions of the Stationary Navier-Stokes Equations

In the author's previous paper [13], a Galerkin/Least-Square type finite element method was proposed and analyzed for the stationary N-S equations. The method is consistent and stable for any combination of discrete velocity and pressure spaces (without requiring the Babuska-Brezzi stability condition). Under the condition that the solution of N-S equations is unique (i.e. in the case of sufficient viscosity or small data), the existence, uniqueness and convergence (at optimal rate) of discrete solution were proved. In this paper, we further investigate the established Galerkin/Least-Square finite element method for the stationary N-S equations. By applying and extending the results of Lopez-Marcos and Sanz-Serna [15], an existence theorem and error estimates are proved in the case of branches of nonsingular solutions.     

Regularity Criteria of the Solutions to Axisymmetric Magnetohydrodynamic System

In this paper, we consider Cauchy problem of the axially symmetric Magnetohydrodynamic (MHD) system. By using energy method, we establish some regularity criteria of the solutions for the axisymmetric solutions of the three dimensional incompressible MHD system.