Solvent-less synthesis of zinc oxide nanostructures from Zn(salen) as precursor and their optical properties

ZnO nanoparticles, 10–20 nm in size, were synthesized by heat treatment in air at 500 °C for 5 h., using [N,N′-bis(salicylaldehydo) ethylene diamine]zinc(II), i.e., Zn(salen), as precursor, which was obtained by a solvent-free solid–solid reaction. Heat-treated products were characterized by X-ray diffraction, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and transmission electron microscopy. Room temperature photoluminescence spectra of ZnO nanostructures are dominated by green emission attributed to oxygen vacancy related donor–acceptor transition.     

Synthesis and characterization of NaA zeolite particle as intumescent fiame retardant in chloroprene rubber system

NaA zeolite with average particle size of 1 m was successfully synthesized by microwave heating. Inu-ences of pre-crystallization time,microwave power and microwave heating time on the synthesis of NaA zeolite were investigated. The as-synthesized sample was characterized by X-ray diffraction(XRD),scanning electron microscopy(SEM) and particle size distribution(PSD) . Thermal and fiame retardant properties as intumescent fiame retardant(IFR) in chloroprene rubber(CR) system,such as thermo-gravimetry(TG),lim...     

Ag2S纳米粒子原位合成以增强PAI涂层机械和摩擦学性能

借助单源前驱体热分解在聚酰胺酰亚胺(PAI)涂层中原位合成了硫化银(Ag₂S)纳米粒子,并通过调节单源前驱体的含量进一步调控纳米粒子尺寸. 采用X射线衍射仪和高分辨场发射扫描电镜对原位合成Ag₂S纳米粒子的物相结构、形貌、尺寸和尺寸分布进行了表征和分析;详细研究了Ag₂S纳米粒子对PAI涂层机械性能和摩擦学性能的影响;对其增强机制进行了探讨. 结果表明:PAI涂层中原位合成的Ag₂S纳米粒子粒径较小而且分散均匀,且调节单源前驱体能有效调控Ag₂S纳米粒子的尺寸和尺寸分布. Ag₂S纳米粒子的原位引入(优化质量分数为5.0%)有效改善了PAI涂层的机械性能和摩擦学性能,其摩擦学性能的增强归因于机械强度的提高和诱导转移膜的形成.      

Key synthesis of magnetic Janus nanoparticles using a modified facile method

Inorganic/organic poly（methylmethacrylate-acrylic acid-divinylbenzene） iron oxide Janus magnetic nanoparticles（P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe3O4） with strong magnetic domains and unique surface functionalities were prepared using a solvothermal process.The P（MMA-AA-DVB） nanoparticles were prepared via soapfree emulsion polymerization and used as a precursor for preparing Janus nanoparticles.The morphology and magnetic properties of the magnetic Janus nanoparticles formed were characterized using a laser particle size analyzer,transmission electron microscopy,Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy,vibrating sample magnetometry,and thermogravimetric analysis.The synthesized P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe3O4 magnetic Janus nanoparticles were characterized by a Janus structure and possessed a stable asymmetric morphology after being dually functionalized.The particle size,magnetic content,and magnetic domain of the P（MMA-AA-DVB）/Fe3O4 magnetic Janus nanoparticles were 200 nm,40%,and 25 emu/g,respectively.The formation mechanism of the Janus nanoparticles was also investigated,and the results revealed that the reduction of Fe3＋ ions and growth of Fe3O4 took place on the surface of the P（MMA-AA-DVB） polymeric precursor particles.The size of the Janus particles could be controlled by narrowing the size distribution of the P（MMA-AA-DVB） precursor nanoparticles.     

A microemulsion method for preparation of thiol-functionalized gold nanoparticles

A new microemulsion method using tetraoctylammonium bromide as a cationic surfactant has been formulated to fabricate thiol-functionalized gold nanoparticles. The nanoparticles were compared with those synthesized by the multistep Brust two-phase method. The nanoparticle sizes and size distributions fabricated by the two methods were characterized by UV–vis absorbance spectroscopy and transmittance electron microscopy. The simple microemulsion method produced the same results as those obtained by the Brust method.     

油溶性铜纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学性能研究

采用液相化学还原法在溶液中原位合成了有机化合物表面修饰铜纳米微粒,用航向电子显微镜表征了微粒的尺寸、形貌和结构,在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了其作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学性能,并与二烷基二硫代磷酸锌（ＺＤＤＰ）进行了对比,结果表明：铜纳米微粒添加剂能够显著提高基础油的极压性能,同时具有良好的抗磨性能,尤其是在高负荷下其性能优于ＺＤＤＰ,采用ＥＰＭＡ和ＸＰＳ对铜纳米微粒的极压抗磨机理进行了分析,发现在     

SYNTHESIS OF HIGH PURITY TiO2 NANOPARTICLES FROM Ti（SO4）2 IN PRESENCE OF EDTA AS COMPLEXING AGENT

TiO2 nanoparticles were synthesized by a homogeneous controlled precipitation method using industrial titanium sulfate （Ti（SO4）2）. The obtained powders were characterized by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, transmission electron microscope （TEM）, Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy （FTIR） and ICP plasma spectrometer. EDTA was used as complexing agent to improve the purity and the formation of TiO2 nanoparticles. Experimental results indicated that the high-purity TiO2 nanoparticles were 20 nm in mean size and nearly monodispersed.     

Synthesis of iron oxide nanoparticles via sonochemical method and their characterization

Preparation of iron oxide ( -Fe 2 O 3 ) nanoparticles was carried out via a sonochemical process. The process parameters such as temperature, sonication time and power of ultrasonication play important roles in the size and morphology of the final products. The iron oxide nanoparticles were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, X-ray powder diffraction, and thermogravimetric and differential thermal analyses. From transmission electron microscopy observations, the size of the iron oxide nanopar...     

Morphology and magnetic properties of α-Fe2O3 particles prepared by octadecylamine-assisted hydrothermal method

α-Fe₂O₃ particles with various morphologies, including micro-doublesphere, tetrakaidecahedron and nanoparticles-aggregated micro-ellipsoid, were successfully synthesized via an octadecylamine-assisted hydrothermal method. The products were characterized by X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and high-resolution transmission electron microscopy (HRTEM). The results indicate that the presence of octadecylamine played a crucial role in morphology evolution by selective crystal adsorption. The protonated octadecylamine increased the pH value that accelerated nucleation, and the long alkyl groups of octadecylamine acted as an adsorption inhibitor to retard the growth of nanoparticles. The as-prepared α-Fe₂O₃ particles exhibited higher remanent magnetization and coercivity than other α-Fe₂O₃ particles of similar size. These properties should be attributed to the superstructure and the shape anisotropy of the synthesized particles.     

爆轰法合成碳包覆纳米铜颗粒

以硝酸铜和柠檬酸制成的干凝胶为主要反应物,加入油酸有机碳源和黑索今炸药,在氮气保护气 氛下在爆炸容器中引爆,成功地合成了碳包覆纳米铜颗粒。分别采用X射线衍射、透射电镜对产物形貌特征 进行表征。结果表明,在爆轰产物中富含碳包覆纳米铜颗粒,产物呈圆球体,具有完好的核壳结构形貌,颗粒 粒径在10~40nm 之间,外层碳壳结构主要由无定型碳和石墨构成。并对爆轰法合成碳包覆纳米铜颗粒的 形成机理进行了分析。     

Intensified photocatalytic degradation of nitrobenzene by Picketing emulsion of ZnO nanoparticles

In this paper, zinc oxide nanoparticles were first prepared and surface-modified. A Pickering emulsion was then prepared, consisting of nitrobenzene （oil phase）, water （water phase） and the modified zinc oxide nanoparticles located on the water-oil interface. The effects of different emulsions on the removal rate of nitrobenzene by photocatalytic degradation were studied. The results proved that use of a Pickering emulsion stabilized by surface-modified ZnO nanoparticles provides an effective and novel way to intensify the photocatalytic degradation of the organic contaminant.     

Comparison of schemes for preparing magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles

Magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were prepared by means of coprecipitation using NH3·H2O in water and in alcohol, and using NaOH in water. A series of instruments such as SEM, TEM, HRTEM, FT-IR, XRD and VSM were used to characterize the properties of the magnetic nanoparticles.was the longest. The process using NaOH in water was the simplest and the reaction time was the shortest, but the particle characteristics were inferior to those of the other two methods. The mean size of magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles prepared by coprecipitation in alcohol was the smallest among the three, but the nanoparticles aggregated severely. The magnetic Fe3O4 nanoparticles were coated with oleic acid using saturated sodium coated successfully and thoroughly.     

ZnO/CdS nanocomposites: Synthesis,structure and morphology

Uncoated ZnO, CdS and ZnO/CdS nanocomposites were successfully synthesized chemically in atmospheric air using a water–ethanol matrix. The as-obtained samples were characterized by X-ray diffraction, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), UV–vis and photoluminescence (PL) spectrophotometry. The luminescence measurements of ZnO/CdS nanocomposites showed narrow and enhanced PL emission in the blue region. PL quenching was observed in ZnO/CdS nanocomposites by increasing Cd and S concentrations.     

Template-flee approach for hydrothermal fabrication of ZnO microspheres

Wurtzite ZnO microspheres, 5.5-11 μm in diameter and with smooth surfaces, were prepared in abso-lute ethanol via a simple template-free method in the presence of ethylenediamine. The products were characterized using X-ray powder diffraction, scanning electron microscopy and transmission electron microscopy. This simple method to fabricate ZnO microspheres shows high yield (>90%) and good repro-ducibility. The formation process of ZnO microspheres was discussed. The as-obtained ZnO microspheres are expected to provide some immediate advantages for optical, microelectronic, and biological applica-tions.     

Shape and size effects of ceria nanoparticles on the impact strength of ceria/epoxy resin composites

Ceria nanoparticles with various shapes (rods, cubes, and plates) and sizes were controllably synthesized and then introduced into epoxy resin. Subsequently, we investigated correlations between the shape and size of ceria nanostructures and the mechanical performance of composites. The samples were characterized by transmission electron microscopy, scanning electron microscopy, and X-ray diffraction. Compared with commercial ceria filled composites, the composites made with morphology-controlled ceria nano...     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF THE GROWTH OF NANOPARTICLES IN A FLAME CVD PROCESS

The growth of titania nanoparticles in a flame CVD process has been simulated by computational fluid dynamics, based on the change rate of particle number density due to their collisions calculated from an integral collision kernel. The assumptions made on constant particle volume density nv (nd^3), constant density of particle surface area ns (nd^2), and constant entity nd^2.5 in coagulation process have been examined. Comparisons have been made on particle size distribution between measurement results and predictions from present model of particle growth and Kruis model of particle dynamics for titania nanoparticles synthesized by the flame CVD process. Effects of operational parameters such as O2 mole fraction and particle number density on mean particle size and size distribution have been discussed.     

Microwave synthesis and spectroscopic characterization of manganese oxalate nanocrystals

The microwave synthesis of MnC₂O₄·2H₂O nanoparticles was performed through the thermal double decomposition of oxalic acid dihydrate (C₂H₂O₄·2H₂O) and Mn(OAc)₂·4H2O solutions using a CATA-2R microwave reactor. Structural characterization was performed using X-ray diffraction (XRD), particle size and shape were analyzed using transmission electron microscopy (TEM). The chemical in the structures was investigated using electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) as well as optical absorption spectra and near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopies. The nanocrystals produced with this method were pure and had a distorted rhombic octahedral structure.     

季铵盐修饰磷钼酸铵纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学性能

采用共沉淀法在溶液中原位合成了季铵盐修饰磷钼酸铵[(NH4)3PMo12O40]纳米微粒,采用透射电子显微镜、X射线衍射仪、示差扫描热分析仪及热重分析仪等观察分析了表面修饰(NH4)3PMo12O40纳米微粒的形貌和热稳定性,并在四球摩擦磨损试验机上考察了其作为液体石蜡添加剂的摩擦学性能。结果表明：表面修饰(NH4)3PMo12O40纳米微粒大小均匀,平均粒径约为20nm;(NH4)3PMo12O40纳米核在300℃左右分解;(NH4)3PMo12O40。纳米微粒作为液体石蜡添加剂,在中低负荷下具有较好的抗磨性和一定的减摩作用,并可提高液体石蜡的极压负荷,采用扫描电子显微镜和X射线光电子能谱对磨斑表面形貌和化学组成进行观察分析发现,(NH4)3PMo12O40纳米微粒在摩擦副接触表面发生了摩擦化学作用,并形成由多种含氧化合物组成的表面保护膜,从而起到减摩抗磨作用。     

Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by propane/air turbulent flame CVD process

Synthesis of TiO2 nanoparticles by the oxidation of titanium tetrachloride (TiCl4) in high-strength propane/air turbulent flame is investigated tentatively for mass production ofTiO2 nanoparticles. Effects of reactor heat flux varying from 247 to 627 kJ/m2 s, initial TiO2 number density from 2×1020> to 1 × 1021 m-3, and apparent residence time of TiO2 nanoparticles in reactor from 0.06 to 0.9 s, on particle morphology, phase composition, UV absorption and photoluminescence (PL) spectra are studied. The TiO2 nanoparti-cles synthesized, with mean size of 30-80 nm and rutile mass fraction from 0.155 up to 0.575, exhibited a strong PL signal at the wavelength of 370-450 nm, with a wide peak signal at 400-420 nm, reflecting significant oxygen vacancies on the surface of the TiO2 nanoparticles.     

Synthesis of Fe3O4 nanoparticles by wet milling iron powder in a planetary ball mill

Fe3O4 nanoparticles with sizes ranging from 30 to 80 nm were synthesized by wet milling iron powders in a planetary ball mill. The phase composition and the morphologies of the as-synthesized products were measured by X-ray diffraction （XRD）, scanning electron microscopy （SEM） and transmission electron microscopy （TEM）. Nanosized Fe3O4 particles were prepared by wet milling metallic iron powder （-200 mesh, 99%） in a planetary ball mill equipped with stainless steel vials using iron balls under distilled water with a ball-to-powder mass ratio of 50：1 and at a rotation speed of 300 rpm. The use of the iron balls in this method played a key role in Fe3O4 formation. The present technique is simple and the process is easy to carry out.