The trace on projective representations of quantum groups

For certain roots of unity, we consider the categories of weight modules over three quantum groups: small, unrestricted and unrolled. The first main theorem of this paper is to show that there is a modified trace on the projective modules of the first two categories. The second main theorem is to show that category over the unrolled quantum group is ribbon. Partial results related to these theorems were known previously.     

On unitary/antiunitary projective representations of groups

Unitary/antiunitary projective representations of groups (i.e., projective representations of groups where unitary as well as antiunitary operators in a separable complex Hilbert space are considered) are studied in a systematic way. Particular emphasis is put on continuous unitary/antiunitary projective representations of a Polish group G. It is shown that every continuous unitary/antiunitary projective representation of G can be lifted to a Borel unitary/antiunitary multiplier representation of G (namely, to a representation “up to a factor” which is a Borel mapping) and that this, in turn, can be derived from a continuous unitary/antiunitary (ordinary) representation of a Polish group obtained from an extension of G by the multiplicative group of all complex numbers of absolute value 1.     

Lie algebras and representations of continuous groups

It is shown that every finitely generated continuous group has a subgroup generated by its infinitesimal transformations. This subgroup has a group algebra which is the Lie algebra of the group. By obtaining complete systems in the Lie algebra and complete rectangular arrays, it is shown that these can yield matrix representations of the continuous group. Illustrative examples are given for the rotation groups and for the full linear groups. It would seem that all the finite motion representations can be obtained by these methods, including spin representations of rotation groups. But the completeness of the method is not here demonstrated.     

Representations of Lie algebras from representations of quantum groups

In paper [*] (P. Moylan: Czech. J. Phys., Vol. 47 (1997), p. 1251) we gave an explicit embedding of the three dimensional Euclidean algebra (2) into a quantum structure associated with U _q(so(2, 1)). We used this embedding to construct skew symmetric representations of (2) out of skew symmetric representations of U _q(so(2, 1)). Here we consider generalizations of the results in [*] to a more complicated quantum group, which is of importance to physics. We consider U _q(so(3, 2)), and we show that, for a particular representation, namely the Rac representation, many of the results in [*] carry over to this case. In particular, we construct representations of so(3, 2), P(2, 2), the Poincaré algebra in 2+2 dimensions, and the Poincaré algebra out of the Rac representation of U _q(so(3, 2)). These results may be of interest to those working on exploiting representations of U _q(so(3, 2)), like the Rac, as an example of kinematical confinement for particle constituents such as the quarks.     

Dijkgraaf–Witten invariants of surfaces and projective representations of groups

We compute the Dijkgraaf–Witten invariants of surfaces in terms of projective representations of groups. As an application we prove that the complex Dijkgraaf–Witten invariants of surfaces of positive genus are positive integers.     

Analytic vectors and irreducible representations of nilpotent Lie groups and algebras

Let U be a unitary irreducible locally faithful representation of a nilpotent Lie group G, U the universal enveloping algebra of G, M a simple module on U with kernel Ker dU, then there exists an automorphism of U keeping ker dU invariant such that, after transport of structure, M is isomorphic to a submodule of the space of analytic vectors for U.     

Invariants of 3-manifolds and projective representations of mapping class groups via quantum groups at roots of unity

An example of a finite dimensional factorizable ribbon Hopf -algebra is given by a quotientH=u _q (g) of the quantized universal enveloping algebraU _q (g) at a root of unityq of odd degree. The mapping class groupM _g,1 of a surface of genusg with one hole projectively acts by automorphisms in theH-moduleH ^*g , ifH ^* is endowed with the coadjointH-module structure. There exists a projective representation of the mapping class groupM _g,n of a surface of genusg withn holes labeled by finite dimensionalH-modulesX ₁, ...,X _n in the vector space Hom _H (X ₁ ... X _n ,H ^*g ). An invariant of closed oriented 3-manifolds is constructed. Modifications of these constructions for a class of ribbon Hopf algebras satisfying weaker conditions than factorizability (including most ofu _q (g) at roots of unityq of even degree) are described.This work was supported in part by the EPSRC research grant GR/G 42976.     

Allowable irreducible representations of the point groups with five-fold rotational axes

Allowable irreducible representations of the point groups with five-fold rotations – that represent the symmetry of the quasicrystals in two and three dimensions – are derived by employing the little group technique in conjunction with the solvability property. The point groups D $_{5h} ({\overline {10} {\text{{\emph m}}}2})$ and ${\text{{\emph I}}}_h (\frac{2}{\text{{\emph m}}}\overline 3 \,\overline 5)$ are taken to illustrate the method.     

A new method for constructing factorisable representations for current groups and current algebras

LetC _e (R ⁿ ,G) denote the group of infinitely differentiable maps fromn-dimensional Euclidean space into a simply connected and connected Lie group, which have compact support. This paper introduces a class of factorisable unitary representations ofC _e (R ⁿ ,G) with the property that the unitary operatorU _f corresponding to a functionf inC _e (R ⁿ ,G) depends not only onf, but also on the derivatives off up to a certain order. In particular these representations can not be extended to the group of all continuous functions fromR ⁿ toG with compact support.     

A survey of symmetry point groups and characters of its irreducible representations

In this paper the character tables of irreducible representations of discrete symmetry point groups of general order are arranged.     

On representations of Hecke algebras

In this report we review some facts about representation theory of Hecke algebras. For Hecke algebras we adapt the approach of A. Okounkov and A. Vershik [Selecta Math., New Ser., 2 (1996) 581], which was developed for the representation theory of symmetric groups. We justify explicit construction of idempotents for Hecke algebras in terms of Jucys-Murphy elements. Ocneanu's traces for these idempotents (which can be interpreted as q-dimensions of corresponding irreducible representations of quantum linear groups) are presented. Presented at the International Colloquium “Integrable Systems and Quantum Symmetries”, Prague, 16–18 June 2005. This work was supported in part by the grants INTAS 03-51-3350 and RFBR 05-01-01086-a.     

Boson representations of symplectic algebras

A reduction of the boson representation of the algebra of the noncompact groupSp(4k, R), k>0, to its subgroupSU(k) is realized. The reduction scheme has two main branches: one through the totally symmetric unitary representations of the maximal compact subalgebra u(2k); the other through the ladder representations of the noncompact subalgebrau(k, k). Both reductions are accomplished by means of the same set of Hermitian operators, but taken in different order. The case ofk=3, for the groupSp(12,R), used in the interacting vector boson model, is discussed in more detail.     

Leibniz algebras associated with representations of filiform Lie algebras

In this paper we investigate Leibniz algebras whose quotient Lie algebra is a naturally graded filiform Lie algebra $n_{n,1}$. We introduce a Fock module for the algebra $n_{n,1}$ and provide classification of Leibniz algebras $L$ whose corresponding Lie algebra $L/I$ is the algebra $n_{n,1}$ with condition that the ideal $I$ is a Fock $n_{n,1}$-module, where $I$ is the ideal generated by squares of elements from $L$.We also consider Leibniz algebras with corresponding Lie algebra $n_{n,1}$ and such that the action $I\times n_{n,1}\to I$ gives rise to a minimal faithful representation of $n_{n,1}$. The classification up to isomorphism of such Leibniz algebras is given for the case of $n=4$.     

Small representations of quantum affine algebras

We characterize the finite-dimensional representations of the quantum affine algebra U _q ( _n+1) (whereq ^× is not a root of unity) which are irreducible as representations of U _q (sl _n+1). We call such representations small. In 1986, Jimbo defined a family of homomorphismsev _a from U _q (sl _n+1) to (an enlargement of) U _q (sl_,n+1), depending on a parametera ^·. A second family,ev ^a can be obtained by a small modification of Jimbo's formulas. We show that every small representation of U _q ( _n+1) is obtained by pulling back an irreducible representation of U _q (sl _n+1) byev _a orev ^a for somea ^·.     

Hilbert space representations of Lie algebras

We describe a new approach to the general theory of unitary representations of Lie groups which makes use of the Gelfand-Segal construction directly on the universal enveloping algebra of any Lie algebra. The crucial observation is that Nelson's theory of analytic vectors allows the characterisation of certain states on the universal enveloping algebra such that the corresponding representations of the universal enveloping algebra are the infinitesimal part of unitary representations of the associated simply connected Lie group. In the first section of the paper we show that with the aid of Choquet's theory of representing measures one can derive a simple new approach to integral decomposition theory along these lines.In the second section of the paper we use these methods to study the irreducible unitary representations of general semi-simple Lie groups. We give a simple proof that theK-finite vectors studied by Harish-Chandra [5] are all analytic vectors. We also give new proofs of some of Godement's results [2] characterising spherical functions of height one, at least for unitary representations. Compared with [2] our method has the possible advantage of obtaining the characterisations by infinitesimal methods instead of using an indirect argument involving functions on the group. We point out that while being purely algebraic in nature, this approach makes almost no use of the deep and difficult theorems of Harish-Chandra concerning the universal enveloping algebra [5].Our work is done in very much the same spirit as that of Power's recent paper [8]. The main difference is that by concentrating on a more special class of positive states we are able to carry the analysis very much further without difficulty.     

Regular * representations of lie algebras

We prove the existence of a * product on the cotangent bundle of a parallelizable manifold M. When M is a Lie group the properties of this * product allow us to define a linear representation of the Lie algebra of this group on L ²(G), which is, in fact, the one corresponding to the usual regular representation of G.Chargé de recherches au FNRS.     

Irreducible representations of Virasoro-toroidal Lie algebras

Toroidal Lie algebras and their vertex operator representations were introduced in [MEY] and a class of indecomposable modules were investigated. In this work, we extend the toroidal algebra by the Virasoro algebra thus constructing a semi-direct product algebra containing the toroidal algebra as an ideal and the Virasoro algebra as a subalgebra. With the use of vertex operators and certain oscillator representations of the Virasoro algebra it is proved that the corresponding Fock space gives rise to a class of irreducible modules for the Virasoro-toroidal algebra.To A. John Coleman on the occasion of his 75th birthday     

Induced representations of quantum kinematical algebras

We construct the induced representations of the null-plane quantum Poincaré and quantum kappa Galilei algebras in (1+1) dimensions. The induction procedure makes use of the concept of module and is based on the existence of a pair of Hopf algebras with a nondegenerate pairing and dual bases.     

Lie point symmetry algebras and finite transformation groups of the general Broer--Kaup system

Using a new symmetry group theory, the transformation groups and symmetries of the general Broer--Kaup system are obtained. The results are much simpler than those obtained via the standard approaches.