三棱镜偏向角与入射角关系的研究

根据三棱镜偏向角与入射角的关系,讨论了最小偏向角和最小入射角,为实验中掌握出射光线的移动规律,准确判断最小偏向角的位置提供了理论依据.     

光束通过三棱镜的偏折情况再探讨

针对本科教学中学生关于三棱镜对光束偏折情况提出的疑惑,对光束通过三棱镜的多种偏折情况进行了详细分析,讨论了入射角、折射率、棱镜顶角对出射光线偏折方向的影响,给出了三棱镜的顶角和折射率的取值范围以及入射角的取值范围对光线是否能从出射边界射出,以及出射光线的偏折方向的影响,进一步讨论了光束的偏向角与三棱镜各参数之间的关系,给出了确定最小偏向角的简单方法.     

光束经过三棱镜的偏向角分析

首先对偏向角的公式进行了推导,重点讨论了在有出射光线的情况下,三棱镜的规格参数、棱镜顶角和折射率对入射角和折射角的影响;然后,建立了偏向角与入射角、棱镜顶角及折射率之间的关系,并阐述了关系曲线的物理意义;最后对最小偏向角进行了研究.     

用初等数学证明棱镜的最小偏向角公式

最小偏向角是棱镜的重要特性之一.在普通物理实验书籍中,都是用微分法证明最小偏向角公式的,本文试图用初等数学证明该公式.光线经棱镜折射沿BCDE 通过.偏向角是指入射光线BC 与出射光线DE 之间的夹角δ,如图所示,i_1和i_2分别是入射光线和出射光     

三棱镜最小偏向角的推导

三棱镜最小偏向角的推导罗乐何于江吴本科（合肥工业大学应用物理系，合肥２３０００９）（收稿日期：１９９７－０４－０４）本文借助拉格朗日中值定理，根据光路可逆性可以比较简单地推出：当单色光线在三棱镜的第一折射面上的入射角α等于在第二折射面上的折射角β时，...     

恒偏向高分辨率变束棱镜光谱仪

现有的各种棱镜光谱仪器中,色散分光棱镜都采用等腰或等边棱镜(简称三棱镜),棱镜顶角一般为58-63°.这种棱镜都工作于最小偏向角状态,这时光线的出射角等于入射角,棱镜内的光线平行于底边,而出射光束宽度显然等于入射光束宽度,即两侧光束是对称的.当旋转棱镜时,满足上述条件波长的单色光即被分离出来.这就是单色仪的工作原理.对于摄谱仪器,只有一个波长工作于最小偏向角,其他则近似工作于最小偏向角,但其出射光束宽度仍等于成近似等于入射光束宽度.我们把这种等束工作的棱镜称作“等束棱镜”.至今,所有棱镜光谱仪器中的分光棱镜,均是这种棱…     

三棱镜偏向角与棱镜顶角的关系

从几何光学理论系统地讨论了棱镜偏向角与顶角的关系,并由Matlab绘出棱镜顶角A与棱镜最小入射角、材料折射率n的关系曲线.结果表明,在测量三棱镜折射率及使用棱镜光谱仪时,对棱镜的顶角是有一定要求的.     

基于分光计多光源三棱镜色散特性综合实验的探究性研究

当光线传播到不同介质界面如平面镜、三棱镜等的光学表面时,会发生反射、折射现象,光线的传播方向将发生改变,在入射光和出射光之间产生一定的夹角.以分光计作为精确测量角度的光学仪器,分别在氢灯、氦灯、钠灯和汞灯几种不同光源照射下,选取对应光源中清晰且能够准确确定位置和波长的谱线,分别采用最小偏向角测量法和掠入射法,测量出不同...     

最小偏向角法测三棱镜折射率的相图探究

三棱镜折射率的测量是大学物理实验的重要组成部分,对培养学生的基本实验技能、加深对经典光学理论的理解具有重要作用。本文依据几何光学原理探究了最小偏向角法中在有出射光时最小偏向角与三棱镜顶角、折射率所对应的函数关系,建立了有出射光时入射角、折射率、顶角间以及最小偏向角时折射率、顶角、最小偏向角间的相图,阐明了两相图的物理意义。该研究拓展了三棱镜折射率实验的研究思路。     

模拟实验研究最小偏向角的规律

用分光计测量三棱镜折射率是一个间接测量实验,通过测量三棱镜的顶角和最小偏向角来计算获得折射率．本文通过编译程序模拟实验,描绘出偏向角随入射角、折射率变化的规律,进一步研究了最小偏向角与折射率间的对应关系．     

关于"太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系"的讨论

讨论了银道面内的引力场强分布和太阳在银河系中所受引力与到银心距离r的关系，指出引力场强g并不是与r的平方成反比，这是由于银河系的大小和形状不能忽略造成的．强调了万有引力定律的适用条件．     

On the predictability of the positions of the convergence zones in the ocean

The disagreement between the experimental and calculated positions of the first convergence zone are known from many publications. The most probable cause for such a disagreement, namely, the incorrect specification of the input data for the calculations, is considered. The lack of simultaneity between the hydrological surveys of the region and the acoustic experiments is emphasized. The experimental data obtained by the author in five ocean regions are presented. These data characterize the diurnal variability of the distance from the source to the nearest boundary of the convergence zone. The relations proposed by different researchers for calculating the sound speed from the temperature, salinity, and hydrostatic pressure are analyzed. It is shown that these relations lead to a substantial difference in the estimated depth dependence of the hydrostatic gradient of the sound speed. The position of the first convergence zone is calculated for the propagation conditions determined by vertical temperature and salinity profiles with the subsequent recalculation of these profiles into sound speed profiles by using eight different formulas known from the literature. It is shown that different formulas lead to different values of the distance to the first zone; this difference is substantially greater than that between the calculations and experiment. The necessity of improving the recalculation relations in view of the experimental data on sound propagation in natural oceanic waveguides, including the data on the actual positions of the convergence zones, is emphasized.     

On the calculation of the bremsstrahlung in the region of the plasma frequency

On the basis of the classical theory of radiation produced in incomplete Coulomb interaction, a formula is derived for the coefficient of the bremsstrahlung of fully ionized plasma. In the region of rectilinear approximation a comparison is made with the results of the quantum formula derived from the Born approximation. Furthermore, the influence of dispersion upon the emission coefficient is taken into account; some relations for the region of dispersion are given.     

Dependence of the Intensity of the Spectral Lines and the Composition of the Sample and the Plasma Parameters of the Unipolar Arc

The investigation was made of the dependence of the intensity of Tl, Ga, Mo, Mg, Mn, Sn, Bi, Ni, Zn, Pt and Au spectral lines and the plasma parameters (temperature T, electron concentration n_e, degree of 6 ionnization α) from concentration of lithium additive.     

Extracting the wavefunction of the LSP at the LHC

We consider associated production of squarks and gluinos with the lightest supersymmetric particle (LSP), or states nearly degenerate in mass with it. Though sub-dominant to pair production of color SU(3)-charged superpartners, these processes are directly sensitive to the wavefunction composition of the lightest neutralinos. Exploiting event-shape variables - including some introduced here for the first time - we are able to identify the composition of the LSP by selecting events involving a single high-pT jet recoiling against missing transverse energy. We illustrate the proposed technique on a set of benchmark cases and propose methods for applying these results in more realistic experimental environments.     

Set the controls for the heart of the Sun

In this paper we describe experiments conducted with high-power lasers that are attempting to replicate, for a very short time and in miniature, conditions found in the Sun. Experiments to date have reached conditions in the outer part of the Sun. To reach the Sun's centre requires compression of material to very much greater than solid density and heating to over ten million degrees. To achieve this, a new class of experiments and a new generation of high-power lasers are required.     

On the Question of the Source of the Apokamp

Technical Physics - The object of this work is the apokamp—a new type of plasma jet, which is formed from a bright offshoot emerging at the bending point of a channel of a high-voltage...