ANALYSIS OF THE HDO ABSORPTION SPECTRUM BETWEEN 9600-10200cm-1

The absorption spectrum of HD¹⁶ O was recorded at a resolution of 0.02 cm^-1 with a Bruker IFS 120HR Fourier Transform Spectrometer in the region of 9600-10200 cm^-1. As far as we know it is the first time to record and analyze the HDO spectrum in this region which was assigned as the ν₁+2ν₃ and 2ν₂+2ν₃ bands. With the strong resonance interactions between these two bands considered, the spectroscopic parameters were optimized by the nonlinear least squares method.     

Large third—order optical nonlinearity in Au nanomeytre particle doped BaTiO3 composite films near the resonant frequency

Nanometre-sized gold particles embedded in BaTiO₃ composite thin films (Au/BaTiO₃) were fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique. The films were grown on MgO (100) substrates at 700℃. The crystalline property of the films was studied with x-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to check the Au composition and chemical nature for the deposited films. The absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance of Au particles was observed at the wavelength of about 570 nm, which increased as the metal particle size was increased. The nonlinear optical properties of the Au/BaTiO₃ films were determined using the z-scan method at the wavelength of 532 nm, which was close to the resonant frequency. The real and imaginary parts of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ at an Au concentration of about 6.7 at.% were determined to be 6.62×10^-7 esu and -6.24×10^-8 esu, respectively. The films showed a very large absorption, masking the nonlinear refraction effect at high metal concentrations.     

HIGH FREQUENCY GRAVITATIONAL WAVE OF A COMPOSITE TOROIDAL ELECTROMAGNETIC RESONANT SYSTEM

Starting with the Einstein equation of weak gravitational field, a new scheme of generating high frequency gravitational wave by composite toroidal electromagnetic resonant system is discussed. The system is a composite toroidal electromagnetic resonant cavity consisting of a vacuum and a dielectric regions. In the focal region of the cavity under the condition of allowable ohmic losses in the cavity walls, the amplitude of the standing gravitational wave is almost two orders of magnitude higher than that in usual cavity with the same volume. A concrete numerical calculation shows that a composite toroidal electromagnetic resonant system with a volume 2×10⁸cm³ could generate the standing gravitational wave with an amplitude h=10^-33, wavelength λ_g=40 cm in its focal region. This is comparable to the typical order of magnitude of several astrophysical sources, and it would be displayed by electromagnetic detection due to very high frequency.     

DEPOSITION OF HIGH QUALITY AMORPHOUS SILICON FILMS WITH STRONG HYDROGEN DILUTED SILANE AS REACTANT GAS SOURCE

By using strongly hydrogen diluted silane as a reactant gas source [C(=SiH₄/(SiH₄+H₂))<5%] in a conventional diode PECVD system, we have deposited high quality a-Si:H films which exhibit almost no Steable-Wronski (S-W) effect, The [H] radical in rf plasma erodes the growing surface and eliminates the weak Si-Si bonds, thus re-ducing the density of metastable defects of a-Si:H films and causing the amorphous network to be more perfect. Our results show that as C value decreases from 5.4 % to 0.8 %, the peak location of TO mode in Raman spectra changes from 480 to 500 cm^-1, the average distortion of bond angles Δθ, which is calculated from the width of half full height of TO peaks, reduces from 9.0° to 3.8°. The hydrogen content C_H of the samples which show almost no S-W effect is less than 10at%.     

RAMAN SCATTERING OF α-ET3(ReO4)2 CHARGE-TRANSFER SALT

We describe the results of Haman studies on C=C stretch modes in α-ET₃(ReO₄)₂ charge-transfer salt with the incident laser beam polarised perpendicular and parallel to the large flat face of plate-like crystal. We have assigned central C=C stretch mode at 1454 cm^-1 and ring C=C stretch mode at 1470cm^-1. The change in ring C=C stretch vibration was observed at the metal-insulator transition of α-ET₃(ReO₄)₂ on warming due to the distortion of the ET molecules.     

In searches for daemons

A possibility is considered of detecting Planckian particles carrying an electric charge Z≈10 and supposedly forming the dark matter of the Galactic disk, whence they are captured by combined action of the Sun and the Earth into strongly elongated Earth-crossing orbits. The flux of such dark electric matter objects, daemons, at the Earth’s orbit may reach f _⊕≈3×10⁻⁷cm⁻²s⁻¹ at a velocity about 52 km/s. Negatively charged daemons are capable of catalyzing the fusion of light (Z _n<10) nuclei. The rate of capture (and fusion) of nuclei should be particularly high in a metallic phase. A detection system is described that consists of beryllium plates 45 mm thick and 1200 cm² in area coated with a ZnS(Ag) scintillator. It is assumed that the products of the fusion reaction 2⁹Be → ¹⁸O that are ejected in amounts of up to about 10⁴ from the points of daemon entrance and exit would give rise to scintillations with a delay of about 1μs. An exposure of the system for 300 h revealed no event. The reason for the negative result can be (1) too optimistic an estimate of the flux (the inclusion of some factors could lower it by 1.5–3 orders of magnitude) and (2) the poisoning of the catalyst by capture of nuclei with Z _n≥10. The time required for the recovery of the daemon catalytic properties is estimated from the analysis of the energy release in the Sun at no less than 3×10⁻⁷ s. The analysis of the total available data suggests that the daemon flux at the Earth is about 3×10⁻⁸ cm⁻² s⁻¹. The experiments will be continued. From Yadernaya Fizika, Vol. 63, No. 6, 2000, pp. 1112–1117. Original English Text Copyright ? 2000 by Drobyshevski. This article was submitted by the author in English.     

Probing the interactions of charmed mesons with nuclei in ¯p-induced reactions

We study the perspectives of resonant and nonresonant charmed-meson production in ˉp + A reactions within the Multiple Scattering Monte Carlo (MSMC) approach. We calculate the production of the resonances Ψ(3770),Ψ(4040) and Ψ(4160) on various nuclei, their propagation and decay to D,ˉD, D ^*,ˉD^*, D _s,ˉD_s in the medium and vacuum, respectively. The modifications of the open charm vector mesons in the nuclear medium are found to be rather moderate or even small such that dilepton spectroscopy will require an invariant mass resolution of a few MeV. Furthermore, the elastic and inelastic interactions of the open charm mesons in the medium are taken into account, which can be related to (u, d )-, s- or c-quark exchange with nucleons. It is found that by studying the D/ˉD ratio for low momenta in the laboratory ( ? 2 - 2.2 GeV/c) as a function of the target mass A stringent constraints on the c-quark exchange cross-section can be obtained. On the other hand, the ratios D ^- _s/D ⁺ _s as well as D/D ^- _s and D/D ⁺ _s at low momenta as a function of A will permit to fix independently the strength of the s-quark exchange reaction in D ^- _s N scattering. Received: 1 March 2002 / Accepted: 21 March 2002     

BEHAVIOR OF PLASMA FORMED IN A PAGODA-SHAPED RADIO FREQUENCY PLASMA SOURCE

A large volume, high density, and pagoda-shaped radio frequency (rf) plasma source has been developed for use in large scale plasma processing. The inductively coupled plasma (ICP) is created by a pagoda-shaped 13.65 MHz antenna to improve the plasma uniformity on substrate. Plasma densities and electron temperatures are measured by using a Langmuir probe and their radial and axial profiles are attained. Electron density of >1×10¹¹ cm^-3 on the substrate and uniform to ≦±1.6% over 16 cm diameter can be produced at argon pressure of 6.65×10^-1 Pa and input rf power of 1 kW. ICP etching photoresist in O₂ plasma has been tested and the etching uniformity consists with that of the plasma density on the substrate. A large scale etched sample with the uniformity to ≦±1.1% over 10 cm diameter or to ≦±2.2% over 13 cm diameter has been obtained.     

LiMn2O4 films grown by pulsed-laser deposition

LiMn₂O₄ films have been deposited onto silicon wafer by pulsed-laser deposition (PLD) technique in order to test their reliability as cathode materials in rechargeable lithium microbatteries. The film formation has been studied as a function of the preparation conditions, i.e., composition of the target, substrate temperature, and oxygen partial pressure in the deposition chamber. Depending on the conditions of deposition, Mn₂O₃ was present as an impurity phase. When deposited onto silicon substrate maintained at 300 °C in an oxygen pressure of 100 mTorr from the target LiMn₂O₄+15 % Li₂O, the PLD films are well-textured with crystallite size of 300 nm. It is found that such a film crystallizes in the spinel structure (Fd3m symmetry) as evidenced by x-ray diffraction and Raman scattering measurements. Surface morphologies of layers were investigated by SEM. The cells Li//LiMn₂O₄ have been tested by cyclic voltammetry and galvanostatic charge-discharge techniques in the range 3.0–4.2 V. The voltage profiles show the two expected steps for Li_xMn₂O₄ with a specific capacity as high as 120 mC/cm² μm. The chemical diffusion coefficients for the Li_xMn₂O₄ thin films appear to be in the range of 10⁻¹¹-10⁻¹² cm²/s. Paper presented at the 6th Euroconference on Solid State Ionics, Cetraro, Calabria, Italy, Sept. 12–19, 1999.     

飞机跑道胶痕的自动识别系统设计与实现

为了减轻机场跑道除胶工作人员的劳动强度,提高除胶工作效率,文章提出了一种基于机器视觉的胶痕自动查找和识别方法,设计了基于ARM单片机控制的图像无线采集和基于PC机控制的图像接收、图像预处理和图像识别系统。文章通过分析预处理后的数据特点,确定了基于细胞神经网络算法的胶痕识别算法,然后在MATLAB仿真环境下确定了该算法的最优模型和参数,最后在Visual C++ 6.0环境下完成了该算法的程序编译,调试并完成了对胶痕的自动识别过程。理论仿真和程序测试的结果证明了文章提出的方法在胶痕自动识别系统中的可行性,也为机场特种设备的无人化和智能化提供了参考。     

The Proton NMR and Structures of Dimethyl and Diethyl Dichalcogenides

The proton NMR spectra of dimethyl dichalcogenides and diethyl dichalcogenides were measured. The experimental results do not show the evidence for the existence of rotational isomerism in each molecules.     

Novel 1122 thallium cuprates showing high Tc superconductivity: TlCa1-xY,Ba2Cu2O y,T,1-xPb x CaSr2Cu2O y and TlCa0.5Ln0.5Sr2Cu2O y

Substitution of Ca by Y in TlCaBa₂Cu₂O _y does not favour superconductivity, but substitution of Tl by Pb or of Ca by Ln (Ln = Y or rare earth) in TlCaSr₂Cu₂O _y results in high T_c superconductivity (T_c π 60–90 K). TlCa_1-xLn _x Sr₂Cu₂O _y is a new series of high T_c superconductors, but the x = 0.0 composition does not exhibit bulk superconductivity.     

Effects of RE2O3 (RE = Tm, Sc, Yb) addition on the superconducting properties of ErBa2Cu3Oy

We investigated the effects of added Tm₂O₃, Sc₂O₃, and Yb₂O₃ on the superconducting properties of sintered Er123 samples. Tm₂O₃ addition caused the least T_c degradation, exhibiting a T_c above 90 K even for 17 vol% addition. Samples with added Sc₂O₃ maintained a T_c at above 90 K up to an addition of 7.2 vol%, while Yb₂O₃-containing samples showed a monotonic decrease in T_c with increased vol% of added Yb₂O₃. Tm₂O₃-containing samples exhibited a slight increase in J_c(0.1 T)/J_c(0) and had constant J_c values even for 17 vol% addition. XRD and SEM results indicate that the Tm₂O₃ is very stable in the superconducting matrix.     

Thermally stimulated luminescence from alkaline earth borates

The thermally stimulated luminescence from XB₂O₄ (X=Ca,Sr,Ba) has been investigated. The results on CaB₂O₄ and SrB₂O₄ are being reported here for the first time. In both cases, the emission is found to be quite intense, contrary to the case with BaB₂O₄. The presence of two peaks in the glow curves is noted over the temperature range of 300-570 K. The emission spectra corresponding to both the peaks have been observed to be identical, consisting of two broad emissions, one in the UV and other in the blue-green regions. The emission is apparently quite different from that of BaB₂O₄ in which case only very weak emission spreading over a broad wavelength range around 410 nm is observed. This result has been understood in terms of the overlap between the excitation and the emission spectra.     

A new high-pressure polymorph of Ti2O3: implication for high-pressure phase transition in sesquioxides

The post-corundum phase transition has been investigated in Ti₂O₃ on the basis of synchrotron X-ray diffraction in a diamond anvil cell and transmission electron microscopy. The new polymorph of Ti₂O₃ was found at about 19 GPa and 1850 K, and this phase was stable even at about 40 GPa. A new polymorph of Ti₂O₃ can be indexed on a Pnma orthorhombic cell, and the unit-cell parameters are a=7.6965 (19) Å, b=2.8009 (9) Å, c=7.9300 (23) Å, V=170.95 (15) Å³ at 19 GPa, and a=7.8240 (2) Å, b=2.8502 (1) Å, c=8.1209 (3) Å, V=181.10 (1) Å³ at ambient conditions. The Birch–Murnaghan equation of state yields K ₀=206 (3) GPa and K′₀=4 (fixed) for corundum phase, and K ₀=296 (4) GPa and K′₀=4 (fixed) for the post-corundum phase. The molar volume decreases by 12% across the phase transition at around 20 GPa. The structural identification was carried out on a recovered sample by the Rietveld method, and a new polymorph of Ti₂O₃ can be identified as Th₂S₃-type rather than U₂S₃-type structure. The transition from corundum-type to Th₂S₃-type structure accompanies the drastic change of the form of polyhedron: from TiO₆ octahedron in the corundum-type to TiO₇ polyhedron in the Th₂S₃-type structures.     

Relation between highT c superconductivity and structure: A study of Ba3+x Cu6O14+δ and YBa2Cu3O7−δ systems

Superconductivity is found in tetragonal La_3−x Ba_3+x Cu₆O_14+δ and La, Ba)_6−x Sr _x Cu₆O_14+δ even though they do not possess Cu-O chains or the K₂NiF₄ structure. Resistivity measurements confirm the occurrence of a transformation from chain-superconductivity to sheet-superconductivity in YBa₂Cu₃O_7−δ as δ is varied in the range 0.0–0.5. Contribution No. 481 from the Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit     

The stability, frontier orbitals, bond character, and static linear polarizability of the fluorinated fullerene H20@C80F60

This paper uses the density functional theory under generalised gradient approximation to analyse the stability,frontier orbitals,bond character,and static linear polarizability of H20@C80F60,which has not been isolated,as well as those of the synthesised H 20 @C 80 H 60.The H20@C80F60 should be considerably stable by analysing its energy and aromaticity.The inside H and outside X will play different role in the chemical reaction involving H 20 @C 80 X 60(X=H and F).The covalence of C-H bond is in the order that the inside C-H bond of H20@C80F60 > the inside C-H bond of H 20 @C 80 H 60 > the outside C-H bond of H 20 @C 80 H 60,whereas the C-F bond of H20@C80F60 have both the covalent and ionic characters.The static linear polarizabilities of C 80 and H 20 @C 80 X 60(X=H and F) are all isotropic.     

The high pressure synthesis of the graphitic form of C3N4

Abstract

Basing on “ab-initio” calculations, C₃N₄ was claimed to be an ultra-hard material with a bulk-modulus close to that of diamond. Five different structural varieties were announced: the graphitic form, the zinc blende structure, the α and β forms of Si₃N₄ and another form, isostructural with the high pressure variety of Zn₂Si0₄.

Using the same strategy as that developed for diamond or c-BN synthesis, it appears that the graphitic form could be an appropriate precursor for preparing the 3D varieties. Two main problems characterize the C₃N₄ synthesis: (-) the temperature should be reduced in order to prevent nitrogen loss, (-) the reactivity of the precursors should be improved.

Consequently, we have developed a new process using the solvothermal decomposition of organic precursors containing carbon and nitrogen in the presence of a nitriding solvent. The resulting material, with a composition close to C₃N₄, has been characterized by different physico-chemical techniques.     

Investigations of oxide superconductors by x-ray absorption,photoemission and cognate spectroscopies

X-ray absorption spectra, X-ray photoelectron spectra and Auger spectra of cuprate superconductors are discussed. The studies establish the absence of Cu³⁺ for all practical purposes, but point out the importance of oxygen holes. X-ray photoelectron spectra of BaBi_0.25Pb_0.75O₃ and related compounds are also examined.