近红外漫反射光谱的主成分分析

本文研究了主成分分析的应用，说明了在主成分分析过程中所产生的新变量如何提供新的光谱信息，该信息能改善对原光谱的解释。     

用局域模型研究分子局域模振动态的振转光谱

利用描述伸缩振动泛频态的两种模型———NMDD简正模型和HCAO局域模型的波函数的等价关系，发展了用局域模型波函数求振转参数有效值的方法，并用这个方法推出XH_n型（n=2，3，4）分子局域模振动态的有效振转参数在局域模极限下满足改进的“α-关系”． 关键词：     

ACTIVE CONTROL OF FLEXIBLE STRUCTURES USING PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS IN THE TIME DOMAIN

Principal component analysis is used to simplify the extraction of the natural frequencies and their corresponding orthonormal mode shapes directly from experimental data of unknown flexible structures. A control law is designed using a state-space modal model and is tested on different structures. The results are extremely encouraging and demonstrate successful implementation of the active control strategies. The controller actuator as well as the detection sensor locations are examined throughout the structure length.     

在XRF多变元体系因素分析中应用交互有效法选择体系的主组份

本文报道了在X-射线荧光分析多变元体系因素分析中,应用交互有效法选择体系主组份的研究。本方法在基本参数法的基础上,运用交互有效法,通过最小预报残差平方和(PRESS)的计算,对体系进行了主组份分析,确定了该体系中的最佳维数和主要影响因素。选择体系中的主组份进行回归分析,剔去了噪声,模型稳定性增强,XRFA的预报能力和分析结果准确度有了显著的提高。文中给出了分析地质样品中十三个主、次量元素的实验结果和数据对照。     

对称Anderson晶格基态的局域方法近似

本文采用格林函数技术,计算了对称Anderson晶格的H-F基态能量,然后采用局域方法近似,计算了相关能、相关基态能量、局域磁矩、电荷涨落和自旋涨落。使用平方态密度,得到了解析表达式。结果表明,当同一格点的f-f库仑相互作用U减小或d-f杂化强度V增大,局域磁矩变小。 关键词：     

A SEMI-ANALYTICAL APPROACH TO THE NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC RESPONSE PROBLEM OF BEAMS AT LARGE VIBRATION AMPLITUDES, PART II: MULTIMODE APPROACH TO THE STEADY STATE FORCED PERIODIC RESPONSE

The semi-analytical approach to the non-linear dynamic response of beams based on multimode analysis has been presented in Part I of this series of papers (Azrar et al., 1999 Journal of Sound and Vibration224, 183-207 [1]). The mathematical formulation of the problem and single mode analysis have been studied. The objective of this paper is to take advantage of applying this semi-analytical approach to the large amplitude forced vibrations of beams. Various types of excitation forces such as harmonic distributed and concentrated loads are considered. The governing equation of motion is obtained and can be considered as a multi-dimensional form of the Duffing equation. Using the harmonic balance method, the equation of motion is converted into non-linear algebraic form. Techniques of solution based on iterative-incremental procedures are presented. The non-linear frequency and the non-linear modes are determined at large amplitudes of vibration. The basic function contribution coefficients to the displacement response for various beam boundary conditions are calculated. The percentage of participation for each mode in the response is presented in order to appraise the relation to higher modes contributing to the solution. Also, the percentage contributions of the higher modes to the bending moment near to the clamps are given, in order to determine accurately the error introduced in the non-linear bending stress estimated by different approximations. Solutions obtained in the jump phenomena region have been determined by a careful selection of the initial iteration at each frequency. The non-linear deflection shapes in various regions of the solution, the corresponding axial force ratios and the bending moments are presented in order to follow the behaviour of the beam at large vibration amplitudes. The numerical results obtained here for the non-linear forced response are compared with those from the linear theory, with available non-linear results, based on various approaches, and with the single mode analysis.     

CLUSTER AND PRINCIPAL COMPONENT ANALYSIS OF THE SOLVENT EFFECTS ON THE C˭O STRETCHING FREQUENCY OF ACETOPHENONE

The solvatochromic shift of the C?O stretching frequency of acetophenone is studied by cluster (CA) and principal component analysis (PCA) confirming our previous results about the determining contributions to the polarity, polarizability, and electrophilicity of the medium on this effect. It is shown that the used combination of Varimax mode of PCA and multiple regression (apportioning modeling) makes it possible to obtain absolute principal component scores (APCS), which include the solvent parameters describing definite solute–solvent interactions. The adequateness of the suggested chemometric model is checked by “reverse” CA of 25 solvents as objects with respect to the APCS calculated.     

定域场中粒子运动由周期通向混沌的道路

详细讨论保守系统和耗散系统中，粒子在相干定域孤子场中的运动随场幅变化从有序到混饨的全过程。给出了粒子在相空间中运动的轨道特征和标度率。结果显示：在保守系中，粒子运动由准周期道路通向混饨；而在耗散系中，粒子运动由倍周期分岔过渡到混沌。 关键词：     

ASYMPTOTIC APPROACH FOR NON-LINEAR PERIODICAL VIBRATIONS OF CONTINUOUS STRUCTURES

An asymptotic approach for determining periodic solutions of non-linear vibration problems of continuous structures (such as rods, beams, plates, etc.) is proposed. Starting with the well-known perturbation technique, the independent displacement and frequency is expanded in a power series of a natural small parameter. It leads to infinite systems of interconnected non-linear algebraic equations governing the relationships between modes, amplitudes and frequencies. A non-trivial asymptotic technique, based on the introduction of an artificial small parameter is used to solve the equations. An advantage of the procedure is the possibility to take into account a number of vibration modes. As examples, free longitudinal vibrations of a rod and lateral vibrations of a beam under cubically non-linear restoring force are considered. Resonance interactions between different modes are investigated and asymptotic formulae for corresponding backbone curves are derived.     

MEASUREMENTS OF LOCAL HEAT TRANSFER COEFFICIENTS FROM A FLAT PLATE TO A PAIR OF CIRCULAR AIR IMPINGING JETS

Local heat transfer coefficients from a flat plate to a pair of circular air impinging jets are investigated experimentally, A pair of well-controlled, fully developed circular air impinging jets at room temperature are used in the experiments. The experimental method in this investigation is the transient liquid-crystal technique. During the experiments, the surface liquid-crystal color distribution of the test plate is recorded using a video imaging acquisition system, and the color information is translated into a surface temperature distribution through a digital color image processing unit. Local heat transfer coefficients art obtained using a surface transient heat conduction analysis. The flow Reynolds number of the jet is kept at 23,000. The jet-to-plate distance and the jet-to-jet spacing are varied in the experiment. Detailed radial heat transfer distributions at different radial directions are obtained and analyzed for L/D = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10. The effect of jet spacing distance (S/D =1.75, 3.5,5.25, 7.0) is analyzed by comparing to data obtained from a single jet with similar flow configurations.     

从洛伦兹的地方时间到爱因斯坦的相对论时间（Ⅱ）

从洛伦兹的地方时间到爱因斯坦的相对论时间（Ⅱ）孙礼煌（大庆石油学院物理教研室，黑龙江安达１５１４００）３洛伦兹变换的非相对论解释一般读者已熟悉相对论中的洛伦兹变换，那么按照洛伦兹原来的立场，应如何理解这一变换；这一理解也不会与庞加莱的观点相冲突。洛伦...     

HIGH-FREQUENCY RADIATION OF L-SHAPED PLATES BY A LOCAL ENERGY FLOW APPROACH

This paper describes a local energy approach to predict the high-frequency radiation of structures. This general approach is applied to a two-dimensional problem of the radiation of two joined semi-infinite, baffled plates, below their critical frequency. The first step consists in determining how energy travels through subsystems and, for this purpose, elementary waves are studied. Then some canonical problems are solved to describe the behaviour of waves impinging on boundaries. Below the critical frequency, flexural waves are subsonic and their radiation is due to diffraction phenomena. According to the locality principle, the corresponding canonical solutions are used in the whole system resolution; power sources are introduced on boundaries to account for energy exchanges and, with the assumption that waves are uncorrelated, the energy contributions of all sources are simply summed.     

降低均质压燃发动机碳氢排放的一种新方法

将发动机多维CFD程序KIVA-3V与化学动力学程序CHEMKIN Ⅲ及DETCHEM相耦合,模拟了缝隙区催化燃烧对HCCI发动机排放特性的影响.利用此模型分析了活塞冠侧面催化剂铂涂层对HCCI发动机缸内温度场及HC浓度场的影响,结果表明当活塞冠侧面存在催化剂时,与缸内无催化燃烧相比,HC、CO的排放得到很大程度降低,但Nox的排放将略有升高.     

A GROUP THEORETIC APPROACH TO THE LINEAR FREE VIBRATION ANALYSIS OF SHELLS WITH DIHEDRAL SYMMETRY

This paper deals with a group theoretic approach to the finite element analysis of linear free vibrations of shells with dihedral symmetry. Examples of such shell structures are cylindrical shells, conical shells, shells with circumferential stiffeners, corrugated shells, spherical shells, etc. The group theoretic approach is used to exploit the inherent symmetry in the problem. For vibration analysis, the group theoretic results give the correct symmetry-adapted basis for the displacement field. The stiffness matrix K and the mass matrix M are identically block diagonalized in this basis. The generalized linear eigenvalue problem of free vibration gets split into independent subproblems due to this block diagonalization. The Simo element is used in the finite element formulation of the shell equilibrium equations. Numerical results for natural frequencies and natural modes of vibration of several dihedral shell structures are presented. The results are shown to be in very good agreement with those reported in the literature. The computational advantages and physical insights due to the group theoretic approach are also discussed.     

A NEW APPROACH TO STRUCTURES OF NICKEL CLUSTERS

A transferable tight-binding potential for nickel was used with molecular-dynamics methods and simulated-annealing techniques to study the structure properties of nickel clusters Ni_n (n≤55), The mean coordination number and structure of some clusters and their relative stability have been obtained.     

MUSCL格式TV性质的非线性分析

分析求解非线性双曲型守恒律的MUSCL类格式的TV性质。首先从该类格式的一般形式出发,提出和证明了该类格式实现TVD的需求。所提TVD需求直接表示为对变量变差符号和量值限制,体现了双曲型方程解的依赖域原理,为分析MUSCL格式的TV性质提供了理论工具。同时提出了基于TVD需求再构数值解分布,以降低数值耗散从而提高接触面及膨胀波头/波尾分辨率的基本思路。     

掺铒硅基材料发光的新途径

关键词：     

ANALYSIS OF NON-LINEAR DYNAMIC STABILITY FOR A ROTATING SHAFT-DISK WITH A TRANSVERSE CRACK

In this paper, the nonlinear dynamic stability of a rotating shaft-disk with a transverse crack is studied. The crack and the disk are located in arbitrary positions of the shaft respectively. Using the equivalent line-spring model, the deflections of the system with a crack are constructed by adding a deflection to the deflections of the uncracked system. The unstable regions are confirmed by Runge-Kutta method and the Floquet theory. The effects of crack depth, crack position, disk position, disk thickness and rotating speed on the principal unstable regions are discussed. The numerical results are compared with available data.     

FC—72圆形射流冲击模拟电子芯片单相局部对流传热的实验研究

以最新微电子设备冷却剂ＦＣ－７２为工质，实验研究了自由和浸没情况下，圆形射流冲击５ｍｍ×５ｍｍ模拟电子芯片的局部对流换热情况。喷嘴直径ｄ＝０．９８７ｍｍ，Ｒｅ数范围为３４８８～４２６４４。测定了自由和侵没情况下驻点换热及换热系数的径向分布，讨论了雷诺数、喷嘴一传热面间距的影响。首次发现ＦＣ—７２自由射流在高Ｒｅ数下，随着喷射间距的增加，驻点换热得到加强，而浸没射流随喷射间距的增大，驻点换热出现非单调性变化；给出了喷射间距ｚ／ｄ＝４时驻点换热系数的关联式，并与其它工质的已有结果进行了比较；对换热系数径向分布的研究表明，与自由射流不同，浸没射流分布曲线上明显出现由层流向湍流过渡所引起的二次峰值。