合肥光源逐圈束流位置监测系统中的定时系统

定时系统是合肥光源逐圈束流位置监测和相空间测量系统中的重要组成部分，其主要目的是为数据采集卡提供与环内电子束团同步的时钟信号。该系统包含高速ECL时钟成形、分频电路、程控延时电路、控制模块等部分。可实现延时范围0～220ns，最小延时步距0.5ns，调整精度0.1ns，时钟抖动小于200ps。系统控制软件基于客户/服务器结构，操作灵活、方便。     

可编程光纤延时系统特性

采用17个光开关和16段不同长度光纤的级联方式,搭建了一套可编程光纤延时系统,实现的延时范围为0～65535 ns,步长为1 ns,数据刷新率可达100 Hz,延时稳定性为0.2 ns,延时抖动小于0.32 ns,整套系统损耗小于31 dB。对可编程光纤延时系统的延时精度、损耗和数据刷新率等特性进行了研究,分析了损耗和色散对延时测量的影响,提出了一种减少延时测量误差的阈值补偿法,弥补了损耗和色散引起的延时测量误差。     

用于激光打靶装置中的新型同步系统的研究

一种用于多路激光打靶装置中的新型智能化数字同步机已经研制成功,它将模拟延时电路和数字延时电路巧妙结合在一起,使得最大延时范围达到1s,触发晃动小于1ns,步进精度5ps.     

基于IODELAY原语SAR载荷模拟器延迟单元设计

针对星载合成孔径雷达中数传分系统接收数据时序拉偏测试需求,本文提出一种基于FPGA原语的SAR载荷模拟器延时单元设计与实现。该延迟单元采用IODELAY原语,通过时序约束实现正反向时钟拉偏功能。仿真与试验结果表明,该延迟单元时序调整范围可达-6ns至6ns,步进1ns,系统运行稳定,满足设计要求。     

闪光二号加速器气体主开关同步触发系统

 设计并调试了闪光二号加速器气体主开关同步触发系统。该系统主要由同步控制部分和高压脉冲形成部分构成。整个触发过程包括同步信号的引出、整形滤波、快速比较电路传输、前级脉冲形成、高压脉冲产生。通过对同步信号的整形处理，解决了发生器电流上的高频信号干扰问题；经过快速比较电路和前级脉冲后，选取了同步信号开始工作的时间点，并形成十几V的触发信号；高压脉冲形成部分主开关采用场畸变结合预电离的方式，该结构的气体开关时间响应为50 ns，抖动小于5 ns，满足使用要求。调试结果表明:该系统输出脉冲电压幅值100 kV，前沿小于10 ns，系统的工作时延440 ns，抖动13.5 ns；可通过增加电缆长度来控制触发信号到达气体开关的时刻，实现气体主开关与Marx发生器的延时同步工作。     

高精度组合脉冲激光时序控制系统设计

在激光等离子体机理的研究中,为实现灵活的界面配置和多路脉冲激光器高精度的时序延时,设计了一种基于微控制器STM32和FPGA的多路时序延时控制系统。重点介绍了基于FPGA的多路ns级时序信号和基于ucGUI的触摸屏界面的设计。另外,采用高速光电隔离技术和高速FET开关电路技术,对驱动电路进行了设计,缩短了输出脉冲上升沿的时间,提高了系统延时精度、驱动能力和抗干扰性能。测试结果表明,该设计每路延时可调,调节范围为5 ns~10 ms,最小可调步进为5 ns,延时误差小于1 ns。     

延时法测量条纹相机μs档扫描非线性

为实现μs档条纹相机扫描非线性标定,建立了基于延时可调信号源和外触发激光器的条纹相机μs档扫描非线性标定系统,弥补了标准具法的不足。系统通过延时值的递增,得到条纹相机扫描速度在全扫程的变化。系统中时间关系抖动来源主要是测试设备延时抖动和条纹相机触发延时抖动。时间抖动测试与分析显示,条纹相机延时抖动±0.6ns,测试设备延时抖动±0.3ns,系统总时间抖动±0.7ns。系统时间抖动会造成最终时间轴信息的起伏。大量数值模拟分析表明,时间轴起伏对系统时间抖动的影响±2ns,在可以接受的范围内。因此,该系统能够胜任条纹相机μs扫程时间信息的测量标定。     

EtherCAT时钟同步技术研究

EtherCAT是一种实时工业以太网协议;基于EtherCAT实时性强的特点,重点研究了EtherCAT分布时钟机制,并提出了在嵌入式设备上基于实时操作系统μC/OS II完成主站设计的方案;通过分析传输延时补偿、初始偏移补偿、动态漂移补偿等时钟同步过程,完成了对主站系统时钟同步技术的设计;基于环形冗余结构搭建了一主三从的EtherCAT测试系统,并通过计算机、示波器等设备采集得到从站间产生SYNC0信号的时间差值数据;最后,根据SYNC0周期为1 ms的数据,分析得到系统时钟误差维持在55 ns以内的同步性能,为时钟同步技术的理论研究提供了数据支持。     

多组多路输出100 kV快前沿电脉冲触发系统

 在多路并联运行的电容储能型脉冲功率源中,为实现初级储能气体开关和脉冲形成主开关的同步,需要多组延时可调、每组多路输出的快前沿高电压脉冲来分别触发,为此研制了一套快响应低抖动100 kV快前沿电脉冲触发系统。该系统由同步机DG535和多组电脉冲放大单元组成,各组放大单元输出脉冲的延迟时间可调,延时步长由DG535设定,每组最短延时时间约为305 ns,抖动2 ns,可同时输出多路触发脉冲,在高阻负载上幅值可达180 kV,当输出信号为4路时,上升时间10 ns,当输出信号为8路时,上升时间15 ns。     

高精度超短脉冲激光多路同步延时触发控制系统

 该系统采用高速的ECL电路,实现了与82MHz飞秒激光脉冲序列中一个脉冲前沿严格精确同步的单脉冲输出;采用标准频率计数法和高精度线性斜波电压产生法,实现了延时时间调节范围宽(1ns～999μs)、调节精度高(1ns)、输出路数多(20路)的触发控制信号。     

基于现场可编程门阵列的束流快引出控制系统设计

 为实现兰州重离子冷却储存环主环束流的快引出，采用一种基于现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)的引出控制系统。在FPGA单元设计中，采用数字倍频技术来实现对Kicker磁铁在1个高频周期内充放电时间的精度控制。经测试，该控制系统对存储环中运行束流位置的跟踪可调节时间步长为5 ns。当高频频率为1.4 MHz时，在0~360°范围内可实现约2.5°相位精度的Kicker触发。     

The method and experiment analysis of two-way common-view satellite time transfer for compass system

Time synchronization between ground and satellites is a key technology for satellite navigation system. With dual-channel satellite, a method called Two-Way Common-View(TWCV) satellite time transfer for Compass system is proposed, which combines both characteristics of satellite common-view and two-way satellite-ground time transfer. By satellite-ground two-way pseudo-range differencing and two stations common-view differencing, this TWCV method can completely eliminate the influence of common errors, such as satellite clock offset, ephemeris errors, troposphere delay and station coordinates errors. At the same time, ionosphere delay related to signal frequency is also weakened significantly. So the precision of time transfer is improved much more greatly than before. In this paper, the basic principle is introduced in detail, the effect of major errors is analyzed and the practical calculation model in the Earth-fixed coordinate system for this new method is provided. Finally, experiment analysis is conducted with actual Compass observing data. The results show that the deviation and the stability of the satellite dual channel can be better than 0.1 ns, and the accuracy of the two-way common-view satellite time transfer can achieve 0.4 ns. All these results have verified the correctness of this TWCV method and model. In addition, we compare this TWCV satellite time transfer with the independent C-band TWSTFT(Two-Way Satellite Time and Frequency Transfer). It shows that the result of the TWCV satellite time transfer is in accordance with the C-band TWSTFT result, which further suggests that the TWCV method is a remote high precision time transfer technique. The research results in this paper are very important references for the development and application of Compass satellite navigation system.     

Marx发生器同步性对PTS装置性能的影响

对PTS装置的24台Marx发生器进行了独立调试实验,实验结果表明:在充电电压60 kV、工作欠压比62%条件下,24台Marx发生器的输出电压的时延在245～285 ns的范围内,时延最大差异为40 ns,时延抖动均小于10 ns。通过对PTS装置控制时序和中间储能器充电电压波形的分析,认为Marx发生器输出电压的时延差异在50 ns内,中间储能器上总的电压损失小于1%,对主开关的工作状态基本上没有影响。     

Impact of interferometer delay time on the performance of ODSB-SC RoF system with wavelength interleaving

In this paper, we investigate the impact of interferometer delay time in a 5 Gb/s optical double sideband-suppressed carrier (ODSB-SC) RoF system transmitting two wavelength interleaved radio frequency (RF) signals at 10 and 15 GHz over an optical fiber. Here, an optical Mach–Zehnder modulator is used for both optical carrier suppression and signal modulation. At the receiver, delay interferometer is used for the separation of RF frequency signals. We analyze the performance of the RoF system by varying the value of delay time of interferometer from 0.02 to 0.14 ns. The result shows that the RoF system performance is optimum for the time delay of 0.1 ns. Further, the optical spectrums, RF spectrums and eye diagrams of two interleaved RF signals have been compared.     

Applications of two-way satellite time and frequency transfer in the BeiDou navigation satellite system

A two-way satellite time and frequency transfer(TWSTFT) device equipped in the BeiDou navigation satellite system(BDS)can calculate clock error between satellite and ground master clock. TWSTFT is a real-time method with high accuracy because most system errors such as orbital error, station position error, and tropospheric and ionospheric delay error can be eliminated by calculating the two-way pseudorange difference. Another method, the multi-satellite precision orbit determination(MPOD)method, can be applied to estimate satellite clock errors. By comparison with MPOD clock estimations, this paper discusses the applications of the BDS TWSTFT clock observations in satellite clock measurement, satellite clock prediction, navigation system time monitor, and satellite clock performance assessment in orbit. The results show that with TWSTFT clock observations, the accuracy of satellite clock prediction is higher than MPOD. Five continuous weeks of comparisons with three international GNSS Service(IGS) analysis centers(ACs) show that the reference time difference between BeiDou time(BDT) and golbal positoning system(GPS) time(GPST) realized IGS ACs is in the tens of nanoseconds. Applying the TWSTFT clock error observations may obtain more accurate satellite clock performance evaluation in the 104 s interval because the accuracy of the MPOD clock estimation is not sufficiently high. By comparing the BDS and GPS satellite clock performance, we found that the BDS clock stability at the 103 s interval is approximately 10.12, which is similar to the GPS IIR.     

紫外探针光信号与加速器负载电流脉冲的精密同步技术

 作为探针光源的Nd∶YAG激光器在其外触发控制线路固有延迟减小至100 ns后,从脉冲加速器形成线的主开关处选取Q开关的触发输入信号,利用示波器将激光器Q开关触发信号、加速器主开关触发信号、激光信号以及负载电流信号进行时间关联,测量结果作为调节系统延迟时间的依据,实现了探针光脉冲与加速器负载电流脉冲之间的精密同步,同步精度达到9.6 ns。     

反馈延迟对激光不稳定输出的影响

本文研究了环形腔激光系统的反馈延迟对该系统的不稳定输出阈值,时间波形,功率谱及向混沌过渡道路的重要影响.着重分析了短延迟情况下输出场向混沌态的过渡,讨论了此情况下不出现高阶分岔的原因,并通过详细的数值计算把短延迟与无限大延迟两种情况联系起来.     

Beam transport experiment with a new kicker control system on the HIRFL

A kicker control system is used for beam extraction and injection between two cooling storage rings(CSRs) at the Heavy Ion Research Facility in Lanzhou(HIRFL). To meet the requirements of special physics experiments, the kicker controller has been upgraded, with a new controller designed based on ARM+DSP+FPGA technology and monolithic circuit architecture, which can achieve a precision time delay of 2.5 ns. In September2014, the new kicker control system was installed in the kicker field, and the test experiment using the system was completed. In addition, a pre-trigger signal was provided by the controller, which was designed to synchronize the beam diagnostic system and physics experiments. Experimental results indicate that the phenomena of "missed kick"and "inefficient kick" were not observed, and the multichannel trigger signal delay could be adjusted individually for kick power supplies in digitization; thus, the beam transport efficiency was improved compared with that of the original system. The fast extraction and injection experiment was successfully completed based on the new kicker control systems for HIRFL.