Computing the characteristic values of partial retarded functional differential equations

The stability of an equilibrium point of a dynamical system is determined by the position in the complex plane of the so-called characteristic values of the linearization around the equilibrium. This work presents an approach for the computation of characteristic values of partial differential equations of evolution involving time delay, based on a coupled pseudospectral-spectral method. Convergence of computed values is of infinite order with respect to the pseudospectral discretization and of finite order with respect to the spectral one. (© 2008 WILEY-VCH Verlag GmbH & Co. KGaA, Weinheim)     

具概率延迟反馈金融系统的脉冲控制

研究了概率时滞脉冲金融系统平衡点的全局渐近稳定性问题。首先,通过定义合适的时滞分段区间上的随机变量,给出了概率时滞的脉冲金融系统的数学模型,根据脉冲微分不等式特点构造了一个简便合适的Lyapunov函数利用脉冲微分不等式引理、控制脉冲间隔与脉冲量以及概率时滞分析技巧,获得了较大时滞允许范畴下的平衡点的全局指数稳定,并通过数值实例验证了方法的可行性以及概率时滞的优势。特别地,稳定性判定准则的时滞允许上限的增大,扩大了准则的实用性.     

Numerical approximation of characteristic values of partial retarded functional differential equations

The stability of an equilibrium point of a dynamical system is determined by the position in the complex plane of the so-called characteristic values of the linearization around the equilibrium. This paper presents an approach for the computation of characteristic values of partial differential equations of evolution involving time delay, which is based on a pseudospectral method coupled with a spectral method. The convergence of the computed characteristic values is of infinite order with respect to the pseudospectral discretization and of finite order with respect to the spectral one. However, for one dimensional reaction diffusion equations, the finite order of the spectral discretization is proved to be so high that the convergence turns out to be as fast as one of infinite order.     

一类时滞分数阶计算机病毒模型的稳定性研究

本文研究一类改进的时滞分数阶计算机病毒模型正平衡点的稳定性问题.利用线性化方法和拉普拉斯变换获得模型对应的线性化系统的特征方程,通过讨论特征方程的根以及横截条件研究时滞和正平衡点稳定性之间的关系,推导了Hopf分支出现时时滞临界值的计算公式,并选择恰当的系统参数进行数值模拟以验证理论分析的合理性.     

Global exponential stability of Hopfield neural networks with distributed delays

In this paper, dynamical behaviors of Hopfield neural networks system with distributed delays were studied. By using contraction mapping principle and differential inequality technique, a sufficient condition was obtained to ensure the existence uniqueness and global exponential stability of the equilibrium point for the model. Here we point out that our methods, which are different from previous known results, base on the contraction mapping principle and inequality technique. Two remarks were also worked out to demonstrate the advantage of our results.     

New delay-dependent global asymptotic stability criteria of delayed Hopfield neural networks

In this paper, the global asymptotic stability of Hopfield neural networks (HNNs) with delays is investigated by utilizing Lyapunov functional method and the linear matrix inequality (LMI) technique. Distinct difference from other analytical approaches lies in “linearization” of the neural network model, by which the considered neural network model is transformed into a linear time-variant system. Then, a process, which is called parameterized first-order model transformation, is used to transform the linear system. Novel criteria for global asymptotic stability of the unique equilibrium point of delayed HNNs are obtained. The results are related to the size of delays. The obtained results are less conservative and restrictive than those established in the earlier references. Two numerical examples are given to show the effectiveness of our proposed method.     

Analysis of stability for a discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system

The paper investigated the dynamical behaviors of a two-species discrete ratio-dependent predator-prey system. The local stability of the equilibria is obtained by using the linearization method. Further, a new sufficient condition on the global asymptotic stability of the positive equilibrium is established by using an iteration scheme and the comparison principle of difference equations.     

一类时滞三维离散神经网络模型的稳定性和分支

讨论了一类带时滞的离散三维神经网络模型.利用数学分析技巧,对线性化系统的特征根进行分析,获得了平衡点的局部稳定性及分支点,并利用规范型和中心流形理论得出了决定分支方向和稳定性的公式.     

Functional integral method for investigating the dynamics of a Dicke type model

Conclusions The approach to the investigation of nonequilibrium systems proposed in this paper has made it possible to treat fairly readily the dynamics of a Dicke type model in the thermodynamic limit. A number of other model systems can be investigated similarly. The results obtained from the expression for the generating functional of the temperature-time Green's functions generalize the corresponding result of [4]. Exact study of the dynamical behavior of the Dicke type model at large times has shown that it possesses different nonlinear dynamical regimes, the conditions for the existence of which depend strongly on the initial values of the parameters of the system and the statistics of the fields. The point of bifurcation of the dynamics is an analog of the critical temperature for an equilibrium phase transition.Translated from Teoreticheskaya i Matematicheskaya Fizika, Vol. 69, No. 2, pp. 279–286, November, 1987.     

Gap Functions and Lyapunov Functions

Equilibrium problems play a central role in the study of complex and competitive systems. Many variational formulations of these problems have been presented in these years. So, variational inequalities are very useful tools for the study of equilibrium solutions and their stability. More recently a dynamical model of equilibrium problems based on projection operators was proposed. It is designated as globally projected dynamical system (GPDS). The equilibrium points of this system are the solutions to the associated variational inequality (VI) problem. A very popular approach for finding solution of these VI and for studying its stability consists in introducing the so-called "gap-functions", while stability analysis of an equilibrium point of dynamical systems can be made by means of Lyapunov functions. In this paper we show strict relationships between gap functions and Lyapunov functions.     

A two-species competitive system under the influence of toxic substances

The effect of toxicants on ecological systems is an important issue from mathematical and experimental points of view. In this paper, we have studied the dynamical behaviours of a two-species competitive system affected by toxic substances. Boundedness, local and global stabilities are addressed. We have also studied the stability of this system with diffusion around the non-trivial stable (in the deterministic case) equilibrium point in a random environment. Extensive numerical simulations are performed using analytical results for a hypothetical set of parameter values.     

The dynamics of Bertrand model with bounded rationality

The paper considers a Bertrand model with bounded rational. A duopoly game is modelled by two nonlinear difference equations. By using the theory of bifurcations of dynamical systems, the existence and stability for the equilibria of this system are obtained. Numerical simulations used to show bifurcations diagrams, phase portraits for various parameters and sensitive dependence on initial conditions. We observe that an increase of the speed of adjustment of bounded rational player may change the stability of Nash equilibrium point and cause bifurcation and chaos to occur. The analysis and results in this paper are interesting in mathematics and economics.     

基于多期有限理性的可再生资源寡头博弈模型与分析

本文讨论多期有限理性条件下可再生资源开发的寡头博弈模型。在每个经济时期以实现多个相邻时期的总贴现利润最大化为目的而得到双寡头决策者资源开发的最优策略组合,并以各期最优策略组合构建资源开发决策的动力系统。通过对系统的动力学分析,讨论了系统中各参数对系统的稳定性与稳定状态的作用与影响,并给出了相应的经济解释。分析了反馈控制系统的稳定性。最后通过对系统的数值模拟,分析了各参数的取值变化与系统稳定速度之间的关系。本文通过系统的稳定性分析获得的主要结论是,资源市场竞争的稳定与可持续发展与决策者注重后期经济利益的决策理性密切相关。     

Dynamical model of a single-species system in a polluted environment

The effect of toxicants on ecological systems is an important issue from mathematical and experimental points of view. Here we have studied dynamical model of a single-species population-toxicant system. Two cases are studied: constant exogeneous input of toxicant and rapidly fluctuating random exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment. The dynamical behaviour of the system is analyzed by using deterministic linearized technique, Lyapunov method and stochastic linearization on the assumption that exogeneous input of toxicant into the environment behaves like ‘Coloured noise’.     

Stability and regularity results for a size-structured population model

In the present paper a nonlinear size-structured population dynamical model with size and density dependent vital rate functions is considered. The linearization about stationary solutions is analyzed by semigroup and spectral methods. In particular, the spectrally determined growth property of the linearized semigroup is derived from its long-term regularity. These analytical results make it possible to derive linear stability and instability results under biologically meaningful conditions on the vital rates. The principal stability criteria are given in terms of a modified net reproduction rate.     

Local stability analysis of a stochastic evolutionary financial market model with a risk-free asset

This paper introduces and analyzes an evolutionary model of a financial market with a risk-free asset. Focus is on the study of local stability of the wealth dynamics through the application of recent results on the linearization and stability of random dynamical systems (Evstigneev et al. Proc Am Math Soc 139:1061–1072, 2011). Conditions are derived for the linearization of the model at an equilibrium state which ensure local convergence of sample paths to this equilibrium. The paper also shows that the concept of local stability is closely related to the notion of evolutionary stability. A locally evolutionarily stable investment strategy in the evolutionary model with a risk-free asset is derived, extending previous research. The method illustrated here is applicable for the analysis of manifold economic and financial dynamic models involving randomness.     

Global fractional-order projective dynamical systems

This paper studies a class of global fractional-order projective dynamical systems. First, we show the existence and uniqueness of the solution of this type of system. Then, the existence of the equilibrium point of this class of dynamical systems is obtained. Further more, we obtain the α-exponential stability of the equilibrium point under suitable conditions. In addition, we use a predictor–corrector algorithm to find a solution to this kind of system. Finally a numerical example is provided to illustrate the results obtained in this paper.     

The coupled problem of a solid oscillating in a viscous fluid under the action of an elastic force

The torsional oscillations are studied of a solid of revolution under the action of elastic torque inside a container with a viscous incompressible fluid. We prove the asymptotic stability of the static equilibrium. We use the two approaches: the direct Lyapunov and linearization methods. The global asymptotic stability is established using a one-parameter family of Lyapunov functionals. Then small oscillations are studied of the fluid-solid system. The linearized operator of the problem of a solid oscillating in a fluid can be realized as an operator matrix obtained by appending two scalar rows and two columns to the Stokes operator. This operator is therefore a two-dimensional bordering of the Stokes operator and inherits many properties of the latter; in particular, the spectrum is discrete. The eigenvalue problem for the linearized operator is reduced to solving a dispersion equation. Inspection of the equation shows that all eigenvalues lie inside the right (stable) half-plane. Basing on this, we justify the linearization. Using an abstract theorem of Yudovich, we prove the asymptotic stability in a scale of function spaces, the infinite differentiability of solutions, and the decay of all their derivatives in time.     

Asymptotic behavior of a Lotka–Volterra food chain stochastic model in the Chemostat

This article studies the asymptotic behavior of a stochastic Chemostat model with Lotka–Volterra food chain in which the dilution rate was influenced by white noise. The long-time behavior of the model is studied. Using Lyapunov function and Itô's formula, we show that there is a unique positive solution to the system. Moreover, the sufficient conditions for some population dynamical properties including the boundedness in mean and the stochastically asymptotic stability of the washout equilibrium were obtained. Furthermore, we show how the solutions spiral around the predator-free equilibrium and the positive equilibrium of deterministic system. Besides, the existence of the stationary distribution is proved for the considered model. Numerical simulations are introduced finally to support the obtained results.     

一类变时滞复数Cohen-Grossberg神经网络的动态行为分析

研究了一类具有变时滞的复数域Cohen-Grossberg神经网络平衡点的动态行为.在假定激活函数满足Lipschitz条件并且放大函数只满足具有下界的情况下, 利用M矩阵和同胚映射原理, 得到了确保该系统平衡点的存在性和唯一性的充分条件.基于矢量Lyapunov函数法和不等式技术, 得到了确保该系统平衡点的模指数稳定性的判据.该判据形式简单, 在实际应用时便于检验.该文所取得的研究成果推广了现有结论.最后通过给出一个数值算例和仿真结果验证了所得结论的正确性和可行性.