Enhanced energy storage performance of nanocrystalline Sm-doped CoFe2O4 as an effective anode material for Li-ion battery applications

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - A simple modified combustion method was demonstrated in the development of cobalt ferrite (CoFe2O4) and samarium (Sm)-doped CoFe2O4 nanostructures. The...     

Effect of electrode charge balance on the energy storage performance of hybrid supercapacitor cells based on LiFePO4 as Li-ion battery electrode and activated carbon

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Hybrid supercapacitors using asymmetric, LiFePO4 (LFP) lithium intercalation and electric double layer activated carbon (AC) electrodes combining the high...     

Enhancement of Li-ion battery performance of graphite anode by sodium ion as an electrolyte additive

Electrochemical performance of a graphite electrode for lithium-ion batteries was successfully and easily improved by sodium ion dissolved in an electrolyte solution. Sodium ion was added by dissolving 0.22 mol dm⁻³ NaClO₄ into a 1 mol dm⁻³ LiClO₄ ethylene carbonate–diethyl carbonate (1:1 by volume) electrolyte solution prior to charge–discharge cycle. By sodium-ion addition, an irreversible capacity at the initial cycle was obviously reduced, and reversible discharge capacities increased with better capacity retention. From ac impedance measurements, a graphite electrode in the sodium ion added electrolyte had much smaller interface resistance compared to that obtained in sodium ion free one. Furthermore, the electrode surface morphology observed by electron microscopes after charge–discharge tests got more uniform in the sodium added electrolyte.     

ZIF-67 derived carbon wrapped discontinuous CoxP nanotube as anode material in high-performance Li-ion battery

Transition metal phosphides (TMPs) are prospective anode materials for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) due to their high theoretical capacities and low redox voltages. Herein, we report a template directing method to develop a tube-sheath hybrid composing of cobalt phosphide particles encapsulated in metal organic frameworks (MOFs) derived N-doped carbon sheaths (Co_xP@NC). The utilization of directing template leads to a homogenous distribution of the subsequently formed cobalt phosphide particles, restrains the aggregation of cobalt phosphides, and thus results in the superb rate capability and cyclability. Contributable to the integrated merits of the interior downsized cobalt phosphide particles and the outer ZIF-67 derived porous carbon sheath, the volume expansion during cycling is effectively suppressed. The Co_xP@NC hybrid shows superb electrochemical performance as anode material for LIB, with good reversible capacity of 928 mAh·g^?1 after 100 cycles at 0.1 A g^?1, and high stability of 526 mAh·g^?1 after 600 cycles at 1.0 A g^?1. This work provides a route for rational design of MOF derived carbon-based anode material for LIB, which could also be applied as a promising platform in diverse field.     

Improved disordered carbon as high performance anode material for lithium ion battery

A sulfur-substituted disordered carbon is explored as anode material for lithium-ion battery. Its physical and electrochemical properties are characterized by a variety of techniques such as powder X-ray diffraction, element analysis, Fourier transform infrared spectrum, scanning electron microscopy, and typical electrochemical tests. Electrochemical tests show the activated carbon displays a first cycle discharge capacity of 1,216 mAh·g⁻¹. It also has a remarkable cycling stability with an average capacity fade of 0.92% per cycle from 11th to 100th cycle in the range of 0.01–3.00 V versus metallic lithium at a current density of 100 mA·g⁻¹. After 100 cycles, the electrode still maintained a capacity of 420 mAh·g⁻¹.     

Boron-doped carbon prepared from PFO as a lithium-ion battery anode

A petroleum-based Li-ion battery anode was prepared by thermal condensation of pyrolysis fuel oil (PFO) and a subsequent carbonization process. H₃BO₃ was used as a catalyst for efficient thermal condensation, carbonization and battery performance. The influence of the carbonization temperature on the carbon structure and battery performance was also investigated. Notably, H₃BO₃ promoted thermal condensation and formation of a graphitic carbon structure and acted as a boron doping agent. Boron-doping attenuated the highly active sites in carbon and effectively controlled formation of the SEI layer, which resulted in an increase in the initial efficiency of the anode. For the sample carbonized at 900 °C, a reversible capacity of 301 mAh/g and an initial efficiency of 78.6% were obtained. In addition, the samples obtained at different carbonization temperatures were all highly stable over 50 cycles, with capacity retentions greater than 90%.     

Superior storage performance of carbon nanosprings as anode materials for lithium-ion batteries

Carbon nanosprings (CNSs) with spring diameter of ～140 nm, carbon ring diameter of ～100 nm and pitch distance of ～150 nm, synthesized by using a catalytic chemical vapor deposition technology, have been investigated for potential applicability in lithium batteries as anode materials. The electrochemical results demonstrate that the present CNSs are superior anode materials for rechargeable lithium-ion batteries with high-rate capabilities, as well as long-term cycling life. At a current density as high as 3 A g^?1, CNSs can still deliver a reversible capacity of 160 mA h g^?1, which is about six times larger than that of graphite and three times larger than that of multi-wall carbon nanotubes under the same current density. After hundreds of cycles, there is no significant capacity loss for CNSs at both low and high current densities. The much improved electrochemical performances could be attributed to the nanometer-sized building blocks as well as the unusual spring-like morphology.     

Hydrothermal synthesis of Zn2SnO4 as anode materials for Li-ion battery

Spinel Zn2SnO4 particles with the cubic shape are prepared via a hydrothermal reaction under mild conditions. The hydrothermal conditions, such as alkaline concentration, reaction temperature, and duration time, have an important influence on the product structure and the performance of the electrode prepared with the product. The optimized product is cube-shaped Zn2SnO4 crystalline, which is prepared with 0.4 M of NaOH solution at 200 degrees C for 24 h. These cube-shaped Zn2SnO4 particles with the spinel structure exhibit a large electrochemical capacity of 988 mA h/g and a relatively good capacity retention as anode materials for Li-ion battery. The structures of the as-prepared product and specimens taken from the electrodes after charging-discharging cycles are analyzed by X-ray diffraction, scanning electron microscopy, and transition electron microscopy techniques. In particular, it is found for the first time that the spinel Zn2SnO4 structure exists to a great extent after the first cycle and contributes to the extremely high reversible capacity during the following cycles.     

Effect of N-doping on hard carbon nano-balls as anode for Li-ion battery: improved hydrothermal synthesis and volume expansion study

Using an improved single-step hydrothermal method, mesoporous hard carbon nano-balls, with nitrogen doping, have been successfully synthesized. These materials exhibit good reversible charge capacity during half-cell tests. Gravimetric capacity for undoped nano-sized and micron-sized mesoporous hard carbon balls is 506 and 475 mAh g^?1, respectively. After nitrogen doping, the specific gravimetric capacities of both nano- and micron-sized carbon balls increase by 6.9 and 8%, respectively. Nitrogen doping enhances retention in specific capacity of both anode materials, particularly in nano-sized carbon balls with capacity retention of 83.9% after 100 cycles. The enhancement is attributed to a significant decrease in volume expansion due to the nitrogen doping. Density functional theory-based computation confirms the reduction of volume expansion by 60%. Improved electrochemical performance of nitrogen-doped hard carbon is due to the drop in volume expansion rate during lithiation along with increased porosity and electronic conductivity. Furthermore, this one-step synthesis can be extended to other carbon sources to get nitrogen-doped hard carbon with sizes varying from micro to nano.     

Multilayered structure of N-carbonenvelopediron oxide/graphene nanocomposites as an improved anode for Li-ion battery

Transition metal oxides with high capacity are considered a promising electrode material for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). Nevertheless, the huge volume expansion and poor conductivity severely hamper their practical application. In this work, a carbon riveting method is reported to address the above issues by designing multilayered N-doped carbon (N-carbon) enveloped Fe₃O₄/graphene nanosheets. When evaluated as a negative electrode, the N-carbon/Fe₃O₄/graphene nanocomposites demonstrate greatly enhanced electrochemical properties compared with Fe₃O₄/graphene. The N-carbon/Fe₃O₄/graphene presents a superior reversible capacity (807 mAh/g) over Fe₃O₄/graphene (540 mAh/g). Furthermore, it affords a considerable capacity of 550 mAh/g at 1 A/g over 700 cycles, indicating superb cycling stability. The structure-property correlation studies reveal that the carbon riveting layer is essential for enhancing the lithium diffusion kinetics. The good electrochemical properties and effective structure design make the carbon riveting strategy quite general and reliable to manipulate high performance electrodes for future LIBs.     

A Li-ion oxygen battery with Li-Si alloy anode prepared by a mechanical method

Li-O₂ battery is the leading next-generation battery system, which is known for its extremely high theoretic specific energy. However, the Li metal used in Li-O₂ batteries suffers from low Li utilization and safety hazards. In this work, as an alternative to Li anode, Li₂₁Si₅ powders, which are synthesized by an easy mechanical process, are incorporated into a Li-ion oxygen battery. The electrochemical property of the prepared battery and its cycling stability are investigated. Without electrochemical prelithiation, the pursuit of Li-Si alloy anodes in this study provides an easy and scalable strategy for preparing Li-ion oxygen batteries.     

Si/Ti_xSi_y复合物的合成及其锂离子电池负极性能研究

通过机械球磨和高温热处理合成得到Si和Ti_xSi_y纳米颗粒复合物Si/Ti_xSi_y,并对该化合物进行X射线能谱(EDX)、X射线衍射(XRD)、透射电子显微镜(TEM)和扫描电子显微镜(SEM)表征.合成的Si/Ti_xSi_y和机械球磨的Si/TiO_2都被用于锂离子电池的负极材料,Si/Ti_xSi_y表现出优越的充放电性能、较好的循环稳定性和倍率性能.     

MnS hollow microspheres combined with carbon nanotubes for enhanced performance sodium-ion battery anode

MnS as anode material for sodium-ion batteries (SIBs) has recently attracted great attention because of the high theoretical capacity, great natural abundance, and low cost. However, it suffers from inferior electrical conductivity and large volume expansion during the charge/discharge process, leading to tremendous damage of electrodes and subsequently fast capacity fading. To mitigate these issues, herein, a three-dimensional (3D) interlaced carbon nanotubes (CNTs) threaded into or between MnS hollow microspheres (hollow MnS/CNTs composite) has been designed and synthesized as an enhanced anode material. It can effectively improve the electrical conductivity, buffer the volume change, and maintain the integrity of the electrode during the charging and discharging process based on the synergistic interaction and the integrative structure. Therefore, when evaluated as anode for SIBs, the hollow MnS/CNTs electrode displays enhanced reversible capacity (275 mAh/g at 100 mA/g after 100 cycles), which is much better than that of pure MnS electrode (25 mAh/g at 100 mA/g after 100 cycles) prepared without the addition of CNTs. Even increasing the current density to 500 mA/g, the hollow MnS/CNTs electrode still delivers a five times higher reversible capacity than that of the pure MnS electrode. The rate performance of the hollow MnS/CNTs electrode is also superior to that of pure MnS electrode at various current densities from 50 mA/g to 1000 mA/g.     

Well-designed hollow and porous Co3O4 microspheres used as an anode for Li-ion battery

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Hollow and porous structures grant fantastic physicochemical properties and widespread application in electrochemical energy storage. Here, hollow/porous...     

The effect of carbon coating on graphite@nano-Si composite as anode materials for Li-ion batteries

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - The graphite@nano-Si@C composite was prepared by a designed hot reactor with stirring function by coating pitch carbon on the surface of graphite@nano-Si...     

Anion receptor for enhanced thermal stability of the graphite anode interface in a Li-ion battery

The thermal stability of the solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formed on a graphite anode has been enhanced by adding an anion receptor, tris(pentafluorophenyl)borane (TPFPB), to the electrolyte. The investigated electrolyte was LiBF₄ in a 2:1 mixture of ethylene carbonate (EC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC). Two concentrations of TPFPB have been investigated, 0.2 and 0.8 M. Galvanostatic cycling and differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) were used to study the effect of TPFPB on the electrochemical performance and thermal stability of graphite anodes. The best performance is obtained for a graphite anode cycled in an electrolyte with 0.2 M TPFPB: cyclability is improved, and the onset temperature for the first thermally activated reaction is increased by more than 60 °C up to 140–160 °C. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) has been used to examine the composition of the SEI formed in the different electrolytes; the improved performance for the graphite cycled with 0.2 M TPFPB is attributed to a reduced amount of LiF in the SEI.     

Cobalt oxide thin films for high capacity and stable Li-ion battery anode

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - Here, we report reactive DC-sputter deposited Co3O4 thin films as a promising and stable Li-ion battery anode. Thin films were deposited on stainless steel...     

Lithium storage performance of Sn-MOF-derived SnO2 nanospheres as anode material

Journal of Solid State Electrochemistry - In this work, a spherical Sn-MOF precursor was synthesized through hydrothermal method using 1,3,5-benzenetricarboxylic acid (H3BTC) as the organic ligand....