沿摆线振动质点的周期

沿摆线振动质点的周期任常愚蔡吉花（黑龙江矿业学院，鸡西１５８１０５）我们知道单摆在摆动时，当振幅保持足够小时其振动周期才可以认为是一个定值，振幅比较大时周期就不能保持定值．而对于沿摆线振动的质点（摆线摆）其振动周期却不随振幅变化，只与振动轨迹的形状有...     

弱湍流大气激光通信中的光强闪烁研究

大气激光通信中，湍流引起的光强闪烁严重影响通信系统的性能指标（误码率）。通过对湍流条件下光强分布的数值仿真，得出弱湍流时接收光强服从对数正态分布，与Rytov理论一致。用随机过程分析的方法给出了系统误码率与光强闪烁的关系，并进行MATLAB数值模拟。研究表明误码率随对数振幅方差（湍流强度）的增加而上升，且当对数振幅方差在0～0．02时，误码率随对数振幅方差的变化较快，近似呈线性递增。在工程中，可采用自适应光学或多发射机等技术抑制湍流对大气激光通信的影响。     

倾斜波动壁面上液膜表面波演化特性的影响

对倾斜波动壁面上流体表面波的演化规律进行了研究. 考虑壁面形状为正弦波动壁面的情况, 分析液膜流动的线性稳定性, 并研究不同倾斜角度下扰动波波形随时间的演化情况及流经不同壁面形状时扰动波的波形变化. 对整体的波形结构分析可知, 随着时间的演化, 扰动波的演化过程呈现为更大波长的近周期变化规律, 与平板上的流动结构对比发现波动情况变得更加复杂; 当液膜流经波动壁面时, 扰动波在空间上不再呈现规律性变化, 且随着壁面倾斜角度的增加, 扰动波的振幅逐渐增加; 在相同的壁面倾角下, 波动壁面上的扰动波振幅大于平板壁面的扰动情况, 且波形扭曲程度更明显; 随着Re的增加, 扰动波振幅逐渐增加, 其对应波形的扭曲程度加深, 且随着壁面振幅的增加, 静态波振幅及扰动波振幅均随之增加, 对应的行进波周期不变. 最后, 分析了壁面倾斜角度对流动稳定性的影响.     

振动对星间相干激光通信的影响

针对星间相干激光通信中卫星平台的振动造成发射天线和接收天线的瞄准角误差，使系统信号信噪比下降，误码率 (BER)增加，该文以瑞利分布作为振动造成的瞄准角误差模型，结合高斯本振光和艾里信号光外差检测模型，以PSK零差通信体制为例分析卫星振动对系统的瞬时误码率和平均误码率的影响，给出误码率仿真计算结果。指出接收天线瞄准角误差对星间光通信质量影响很大，在瞄准角误差的标准偏差σ小于1μrad范围内，系统误码率小于10^-6。     

卫星振动对星间光码分多址系统性能的影响

卫星振动是影响星间光CDMA通信系统性能的一个重要因素.考虑多用户干扰、背景光噪音、热噪音、接收机噪音和卫星振动,给出了基于PPM信号格式的星间二维光CDMA通信系统的系统模型.采用数值分析的方法,详细分析了卫星振动对该系统误码率性能的影响.结果表明,码速率、通信波长和卫星振动都会影响星间二维光CDMA通信系统的误码率性能.当卫星振动标准偏差σ≤4×10－7时,卫星振动对系统误码率性能的影响较小;当卫星振动标准偏差σ≥1.2×10－6,卫星振动对系统误码率性能的影响很大,得到的误码率难以满足系统的通信要求,需要采用卫星振动抑制或补偿等技术提高星间二维光CDMA通信系统的误码率性能.     

大气湍流下带有跟踪误差的空间相干光通信性能分析

在星地链路的空间相干光通信系统中,大气湍流、跟踪误差会影响系统的混频效率和误码率.根据混频效率公式分别推导了大气湍流强度和跟踪误差与系统混频效率的关系并进行仿真计算.计算结果表明,混频效率随跟踪误差和大气湍流强度的增加而降低,其中当跟踪误差大于12μrad或湍流强度超过10-16时,混频效率趋近零.建立了大气湍流下带跟踪误差的光混频效率及误码率的数学模型,并计算了不同情况下的混频效率.在跟踪误差小于2μrad时大气湍流是混频效率的主要影响因素,当跟踪误差继续增大时跟踪误差起主导作用.根据传统相干光通信系统参量取值估算得最大混频效率约为67.8%,当误码率为10-9时系统接收灵敏度为17photon/bit.     

孔径平均效应对采用相位补偿技术的空间相干光通信系统误码率的影响

基于大气湍流影响下的空间相干光通信系统模型和孔径平均效应的平面波模型,通过数值模拟研究了弱光强波动条件下孔径平均效应以及大气湍流内外尺度对相干光通信系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值的影响。研究结果表明:孔径平均效应能够有效减小相干光通信系统的误码率,改善系统性能;原始信噪比越高,传输距离越短,波长越长,相位补偿模式的J值越大,接收孔径直径越接近最优值,孔径平均效应对误码率的改善效果越明显;孔径平均效应会影响接收孔径直径的最优值,相位补偿模式的J值越大,影响越明显;系统误码率和接收孔径直径最优值会随着大气湍流内尺度的增大而相应增大,随着大气湍流外尺度的减小而相应减小。研究结果将为空间相干光通信系统设计提供必要的理论依据。     

正弦振动对航空相机成像影响的分析与验证

航空相机拍照时,由于受到振动影响成像分辨率会降低。采用动态调制传递函数研究正弦振动对成像的影响,通过基于空间域的计算方法对高频和低频振动的调制传递函数(MTF)进行了分析,指出了曝光时间不等于振动周期整数倍的一般情况时,高频振动对成像质量的影响也具有随机性,但没有低频振动的随机性明显。采用快速反射镜作为振动源进行成像实验,对获得的振动图像使用小波变换提取图像的高频信息。实验中将曝光时间设定为20ms,振动频率为50Hz时,高频信息波动范围仅为0.0582×104,可以认为基本没有波动。当振动频率为15Hz时,波动范围为0.6233×104,随机性很明显,而振动频率为65Hz时,波动范围为0.1245×104,随机性不明显。通过高频信息与MTF的对应关系,实验证明了理论分析的正确性。在理论分析和实验的基础上,总结了正弦振动对成像影响的普遍性结论。该结论可用于分析成像系统光机结构设计,也可应用于图像去模糊,具有一定的意义。     

空间环境地面模拟装置扫描磁铁振动

研究了近代物理研究所为哈尔滨工业大学（HIT）空间环境地面模拟装置(SESRI)研制的扫描磁铁的振动,通过试验,使用激光位移传感器采集扫描磁铁上关键点的振幅,对比振幅分析影响振动的因素。试验数据显示,当电流为450 A、频率小于140 Hz时,振动平缓;磁铁整体振动随输入电流频率升高与电流增大而增强,电流频率为磁铁振动的主要影响因素;磁铁内带阻尼性材料部分的振幅明显小于其他部分。同时哈尔滨工业大学扫描磁铁采用的线圈铁芯浇筑一体结构设计,振动明显减小。结论证明磁铁机构与工艺的合理设计能有效减振。     

问题解答

问:高二課本上“單擺的振动周期当振幅很小时与振幅无关”这个結論应如何解釋?是怎样得來的?單擺的振动周期公式T=2π(l/g)~(1/2)是怎样得來的? 答:这个問題的中心在于,当單擺的振幅很小时可以看成是簡諧振动,而簡諧振动的周期是与它的振幅無关的,因此單擺的振动周期当振幅很小时与振幅無关。而且从簡諧振动周     

Analysis of outage probability for radio over IsOWC system in the presence of pointing error

In this paper, we analyze the outage probability of the radio over intersatellite optical wireless communication system in the presence of satellite vibration with bias error. The lower-based Mach–Zehnder modulator, optical booster amplifier and optical preamplifier are employed. First, the models of the proposed system and channel are given. Then the outage probability for a given bit error ratio (BER) of a quadrature phase shift keying signal is obtained in the presence of satellite vibration with bias error. Numerical results of outage probability with different bias error and average BER are given. Results indicate that the outage probability is obviously influenced by the pointing error and the optimum telescope diameter to minimize the outage probability exists. With the same pointing error condition, the value of the optimal telescope diameter will increase with the reduction of the given average BER.     

Influence of reflector temperature gradients on bit-error rate in periscope laser communication systems in the presence of detector noise and platform vibrations

We consider the influence of thermal deformations of elliptic reflectors in periscope laser communication terminals on the bit-error rate (BER) taking into account the satellite-platform vibrations and the detector noise. We study the relationship between the average BER and temperature gradients of elliptic reflectors in inter-satellite laser communication systems at different values of the light beam wavelength and truncation rate, and different vibration amplitudes. The average BER increases with increase in the vibration amplitude, and it is noteworthy that the average BER increases with increase in the beam truncation rate, which contradicts the result obtained in [1] without taking noise into account. We find that for some temperature gradients there is an optimum communication wavelength that provides the minimum average BER. We use the back-fixing method for fixing the elliptic reflectors, which has proved to be much less sensitive to temperature gradients compared to the traditional around-fixing method by a press board.     

DOE effect on BER performance in MSK space uplink chaotic optical communication

With the increasing demand for space optical communication security, space chaotic optical communication has attracted a great amount of attention. Compared with traditional space optical communication, a chaotic optical communication system has a higher bit error rate(BER) for its complex system design. In order to decrease the BER of space chaotic optical communication systems, we introduce two diffractive optical elements(DOEs)at a transmitting terminal(Tx). That is because the commonly used reflective optical antenna at Tx blocks the central part of the transmission beam, which leads to a great amount of power consumption. Introducing the DOEs into the optical subsystem at Tx can reshape the transmission beam from a Gaussian distribution to a hollow Gaussian distribution so that the block of the secondary mirror in the reflective optical antenna can be avoided. In terms of the DOE influence on communication quality, we give a BER model based on a minimumshift-key(MSK) space uplink chaotic optical communication system to describe the DOE function. Based on the model, we further investigate the effect of the DOEs through analyzing the BER relationship versus basic system parameters based on the BER model. Both different mismatch conditions of chaotic systems and different atmospheric turbulence conditions are considered. These results will be helpful for the scheme design of space uplink chaotic optical communication systems.     

Investigation on the influence of intensity scintillation and beam wander in space optical uplink DWDM communication system

Abstract

Dense wavelength division multiplexing (DWDM) has been widely applied in ground optical communication. However, the technology of DWDM is still not mature enough in the space optical communication system. In order to further advance the use of DWDM into space optical communication, the probability density function (PDF) and the bit-error rate (BER) performance of DWDM is investigated in uplink communications under the influence of atmospheric turbulence, consisting of intensity scintillation and beam wander caused by atmospheric turbulence. Numerical results show that the atmospheric turbulence has a great impact on BER and PDF, and wavelength, divergence angel, and other relevant parameters should be carefully considered in this DWDM system. This work can be conducive for improving DWDM design of space optical uplink communication systems.     

像差对星间相干光通信接收系统误码性能的影响

以空间链路方程为基础,详细推导了具有不同像差时的星间相干光通信接收系统信噪比表达式。以通信距离为60000km、速率为2Gb/s的2PSK零差同步轨道接收系统为例,通过数值仿真,全面比较了接收天线的倾斜、离焦、彗差和像散等像差对接收系统误码率(εBER)的影响。结果表明,不同像差单独作用时,倾斜像差的影响最大,象散的影响最小;不同像差相互作用时,它们中的某些能部分实现相互校正,从而降低误码率。以εBER≤10-6为比较标准,当彗差W31/λ≤1.00时,调整倾斜像差能实现它们之间的部分校正;当像散W22/λ≤0.53时,调整离焦能对像散进行部分校正。因此,在设计接收系统时,接收天线的像差所产生的影响不容忽视。这将为设计星间相干通信接收系统提供必要的理论依据。     

电磁脉冲串重复率变化对数字通信电台的影响

为研究电磁脉冲串重复率变化对数字通信电台阻塞效应的影响,以某型数字通信电台为受试对象,通过电磁脉冲注入试验,研究了受试电台误码率随电磁脉冲串幅度、重复率的变化规律。结果表明,重复率在50 Hz及其以下时,同一脉冲重复率下,随着脉冲幅度的增大,受试电台误码率随之增大,在达到敏感度判据标准后趋于稳定。不同脉冲重复率下,电磁脉冲重复率与受试电台敏感误码率之间存在线性关系,电磁脉冲重复率越高,受试电台测得的误码率越大,且受试电台误码率达到敏感误码率标准时,脉冲幅值在允许的实验误差内基本相同,通过分析可推测,脉冲重复率在414 Hz以下时,电台的阻塞效应属于单脉冲阻塞效应的累加,只有达到一定重复率后脉冲作用才会出现重叠,此时的敏感电压值会随着重复率的增大而减小。     

Modeling and simulation of FBG based OCDMA-IsOWC system

Photonics have evolved from protracted fibers to dominant wireless system to look at the use of hybrid optical-wireless communication system into space technology. Inter-satellite optical wireless communication (IsOWC) systems, one of the important applications of optical-wireless communication, will be deployed in space in the near future. A significant improvement in BER at 5 Gbps is achieved along with the maximum length of ISL link between the two satellites by incorporating OFDM scheme in IsOWC systems than that of conventional IsOWC systems [9]. The work is further extended in this paper to prolong the ISL link with acceptable BER at 10 Gbps between two satellites in space by employing code division multiple access (CDMA) scheme due to its robustness against narrowband interference and an inherent low power spectral density. In this work, we have designed a model of FBG based CDMA-IsOWC system to establish a prolonged ISL link at data rate of 10 Gbps with SNR of 20 dB. Further, a comparison is also reported between our proposed FBG based CDMA-IsOWC system and OFDM-IsOWC system.     

Acquisition performance analysis for intersatellite optical communications with vibration influence

A stable and accurate pointing, acquisition system is an important part of initially building intersatellite optical communication links. Satellite platform vibration can cause the system instability and reduce the system precision in building and maintenance of a satellite optical communication system. In this paper, vibration influence is consciously discussed by acquisition time for intersatellite optical communications. Analytical expression of acquisition possibility is derived, taking the scan parameters and platform vibration into account, and vibration influence on the multi-scan acquisition time is also presented. The theoretical result calculated by the proposed analytical expression is approximate to the result by the Monte Carlo simulation.