Experimental investigations of the influence of mounting grooves and serration patterns on the transmission characteristic of fin-lines

Using a back-to-back rectangular waveguide-fin-line transition, this paper investigates experimentally the influence of mounting grooves and serration patterns of fin-lines on the transmission characteristics. The experimental results are useful to design the rectangular waveguide-fin-line transition and other fin-line circuits.     

斜翅型冷凝强化换热管传热性能的实验研究

对一种斜翅型外翅片带内螺纹的冷凝强化换热管进行传热性能的实验研究。管外冷凝换热的制冷剂为R134a,管内对流换热的介质为水。分别在定热流密度与定水流速的条件下进行一系列工况的实验,得到相应的实验数据。在定热流密度条件下,利用Wilson图解法得到管内的换热系数数据及相应的计算关联式。在定水流速的条件下,利用分离方法得到管外冷凝换热系数数据及相应的计算关联式。将强化管换热系数数据与光管换热系数的理论计算值进行了比较,结果表明:冷凝强化换热管管内对流换热的强化倍率为2.4,管外凝结换热系数随壁面过冷度的增加而增大,管外凝结换热的强化倍率为:1.78～3.92。     

Electrodynamic theory of coupled dielectric fin lines

An electrodynamic theory is constructed for a shielded model of coupled identical dielectric fin lines for use in EHF three-dimensional integrated circuits (TDIC) as transmission lines or as a foundation for the EHF TDIC component base. The analysis is based on a system of integral equations, whose algebraization is performed by the Budnov-Galerkin method. The desired fields are represented in the form of expansions in Chebyshev polynomials of the first and second kind, which allows the characteristics of the electromagnetic field near the fins of the examined transmission line to be taken into account directly. The system of linear algebraic equations is reduced in the course of a numerical experiment. Data on the two main (even and odd) waves and a few higher modes are obtained. Approximate results obtained earlier are evaluated (by the transverse-resonance method, expansion in an incomplete system, etc.).Institute of Radio Engineering and Electronics, Russian Academy of Sciences. Translated from Izvestiya Vysshikh Uchebnykh Zavedenii, Radiofizika, Vo.. 36, No. 1, pp. 74–87, January, 1993.     

Effect of the number of grooves on flow characteristics around a circular cylinder with triangular grooves

In the flow around a circular cylinder, a sudden decrease in the mean drag coefficient occurs at a high Reynolds number, but the same phenomenon occurs at a lower Reynolds number in the case where there exist grooves or roughness on the cylinder surface. In this paper, in order to make clear the flow characteristics around a cylinder with 20, 26 and 32 triangular grooves, the mean drag coefficient, pressure distribution, velocity distribution and turbulence intensity distribution were measured. Moreover, the flow around the cylinder was analyzed by applying the RNGk − ɛ turbulent model, and the surface flow pattern was investigated using the oil-film technique. From these results, it was found that a sudden decrease in the mean drag coefficient of a cylinder with 32 triangular grooves occurs at a lower Reynolds number compared with 20 and 26 triangular grooves.     

Experimental evidence of the phase reversal in diffraction patterns

In a diffracted wavefield occurs in patterns phase variations. The most familiar example is the Fraunhofer diffraction pattern through a single slit: the theory predicts that the side bands of the diffraction pattern alternate in phase. This paper deals with phase reversal phenomenon in diffraction patterns. Two interesting systems are recognized: the diffraction through a half plane and the diffraction through a single slit.     

Double-scatter Mueller matrices for vector electromagnetic scattering from single grooves and lines on a silicon surface

A recently developed numerical method is used to calculate the single- and double-scattered Mueller matrices for scattering of vector-electromagnetic waves from rough surfaces. Calculations are performed for the case of a single groove and a single rib on a silicon surface and results are compared to the published experimental results. The calculated results show good agreement with the experimental results for the groove case and poorer agreement with the rib case, probably due to errors in the experimental construction of the rib. It is found that, for the cases studied here, variations of the sign with scatter angle in individual Mueller matrix elements are associated with the presence of double- (or multiple-)scattered light, as has been found previously for scalar diffraction calculations in Gaussian randomly rough surfaces.     

微方肋冷却系统的换热特性

采用去离子水为冷却介质,对自行设计的不同结构微方肋散热器内的换热特性进行实验研究,结果表明:在进口温度为20 ℃、进口流量为57.225 L/h、底面平均温度为73.4 ℃时,散热器散热量可达2.83106 W/cm2,可以满足当前高热流密度散热需求;当散热面温度一定时,散热量随着散热器进口流量的增加而增加,但增速随散热器底面温度的增加变缓;努谢尔特数随雷诺数的增加而成幂次方增加,常规针肋结构和微针肋结构换热关系式不满足微方肋散热器特性。为了更好地表达微方肋散热器内的换热特性,拟合了微方肋散热器内对流换热关系式。     

Influence of fin architectures on linearity characteristics of AlGaN/GaNFinFETs

We investigate the influence of fin architecture on linearity characteristics of AlGaN/GaNFinFET.It is found that the Fin FET with scaled fin dimensions exhibits much flatter G_m characteristics than the one with long fins as well as planar HEMT.According to the comparative study,we provide direct proof that source resistance rather than tri-gate structure itself dominates the G_m behavior.Furthermore,power measurements show that the optimized FinFET is capable of delivering a much higher output power density along with significant improvement in linearity characteristics than conventional planar HEMT.This study also highlights the importance of fin design in GaN-based FinFET for microwave power application,especially high-linearity applications.     

Effect of groove shape on flow characteristics around a circular cylinder with grooves

In the flow around a circular cylinder, a sudden decrease in the drag force occurs at a high Reynolds number, but the same phenomenon occurs at a lower Reynolds number in the case where there exist grooves or roughness on the circular cylinder surface. In this paper, in order to make clear the flow characteristics around a circular cylinder in the case of changing the shapes of grooves, the drag coefficient, pressure distribution, velocity distribution and turbulent distribution were measured. Moreover the flow around the cylinder was analyzed by applying the RNGk · ∈ turbulent model, and the surface flow pattern was investigated using the oil-film technique. From these results, it is clear that the drag coefficient of a circular cylinder with triangular grooves decreases by about 15% compared with that of a circular cylinder with arc grooves.     

Seasonal and geographical patterns of fin whale song in the western North Atlantic Ocean

Male fin whales, Balaenoptera physalus, produce a song consisting of 20?Hz notes at regularly spaced time intervals. Previous studies identified regional differences in fin whale internote intervals (INI), but seasonal changes within populations have not been closely examined. To understand the patterns of fin whale song in the western North Atlantic, the seasonal abundance and acoustic features of fin whale song are measured from two years of archival passive acoustic recordings at two representative locations: Massachusetts Bay and New York Bight. Fin whale 20?Hz notes are detected on 99% of recorded days. In both regions, INI varies significantly throughout the year as two distinct periods: a "short-INI" season in September-January (9.6?s) and a "long-INI" season in March-May (15.1?s). February and June-August are transitional-INI months, with higher variability. Note abundance decreases with increasing INI, where note abundance is significantly lower in April-August than in September-January. Short-INI and high note abundance correspond to the fin whale reproductive season. The temporal variability of INI may be a mechanism by which fin whale individuals encode and communicate a variety of behaviorally relevant information.     

超临界LNG在错列S形翅片微通道的流动传热特性研究

作为一种新型微通道换热器,印刷电路板式换热器(Printed Circuit Heat Exchanger,PCHE)因比表面积大、耐高压和低温、海上适应性强以及便于模块化等特点,近年来逐渐成为浮式LNG接收站和浮式储存及再气化装置的主低温换热器首选.针对改进后的错列S型翅片,对超临界LNG在翅片通道内的流动传热特性展...     

Complete wetting of pits and grooves

For one-component volatile fluids governed by dispersion forces an effective interface Hamiltonian, derived from a microscopic density functional theory, is used to study complete wetting of geometrically structured substrates. Also the long range of substrate potentials is explicitly taken into account. Four types of geometrical patterns are considered: i) one-dimensional periodic arrays of rectangular or parabolic grooves and ii) two-dimensional lattices of cylindrical or parabolic pits. We present numerical evidence that at the centers of the cavity regions the thicknesses of the adsorbed films obey precisely the same geometrical covariance relation, which has been recently reported for complete cone and wedge filling. However, this covariance does not hold for the laterally averaged wetting film thicknesses. For sufficiently deep cavities with vertical walls and close to liquid-gas phase coexistence in the bulk, the film thicknesses exhibit an effective planar scaling regime, which as a function of undersaturation is characterized by a power law with the common critical exponent -1/3 as for a flat substrate, but with the amplitude depending on the geometrical features.     

Experimental evidence for bounds on quantum correlations

We implemented the experiment proposed by Cabello in the preceding Letter to test the bounds of quantum correlation. As expected from the theory we found that, for certain choices of local observables, Tsirelson's bound of the Clauser-Horne-Shimony-Holt inequality (2 x square root of 2) is not reached by any quantum states.     

阶梯槽交错双栅慢波结构高频特性理论和模拟

本文基于一种阶梯槽交错双栅周期慢波结构模型,获得了该结构中的电磁场分布公式.通过场匹配方法,求出了该结构的高频色散方程和耦合阻抗表达式.以W波段行波管用的阶梯槽交错双栅为例,利用本文公式和CST-MWS电磁软件比较计算了色散和耦合阻抗特性,分析了阶梯尺寸参数对高频特性(基模色散、+1次空间谐波归一化相速和耦合阻抗)的影响.结果表明,理论和CST-MWS软件模拟有很好的一致性;相对矩形交错双栅,改善了色散特性,拓展了基模带宽,同时具有足够大的耦合阻抗和适合工程应用的机械强度,在一定程度上可以弥补矩形交错双栅周期慢波结构的不足.     

LED发光二极管特性测试

使用常规实验仪器搭建了LED特性测试系统,测试了LED的伏安特性、光强分布特性、光谱特性、光功率与电流关系特性和发光效率与电流关系特性,得到了LED的阈值电压、正常电压、发光波长、半值角与指向性、峰值波长和光通量等参量.     

纳秒脉冲表面介质阻挡放电特性实验研究

在常规大气环境条件下,基于单极性纳秒脉冲电源对表面介质阻挡放电特性进行了实验研究。结果表明:纳秒脉冲表面介质阻挡放电的本质是丝状放电,放电集中在电压脉冲的上升沿;激励电压和脉冲重复频率越大,放电越强烈,越接近均匀放电,但电压的作用更侧重于均匀性,而频率的作用则侧重于放电的强度;电极间隙的优化可以使表面介质阻挡放电特性最好;玻璃作为阻挡介质时容易发生沿面闪络。     

具有任意槽的矩形波导栅慢波结构高频特性的研究

将任意形状槽的连续轮廓近似用一系列相连的矩形阶梯近似，利用各阶梯面上导纳的匹配，以及槽与互作用区边界场的连续与匹配条件，获得了具有任意槽的矩形波导栅慢波结构的色散方程和耦合阻抗的表达式，并进行理论上的验证.加工制作了矩形槽波导栅模型，冷测表明理论值与测量值相吻合.分别求解几种特殊槽形矩形波导栅慢波结构的色散特性及耦合阻抗，其中，三角形结构的色散和耦合阻抗均最弱，而倒梯形结构色散最强，耦合阻抗最大. 关键词： 矩形波导栅 任意槽 色散特性 慢波结构