$${T}$$ -Invariance Conditions for Differential Cross Sections for Binary Nuclear Reactions Involving Spin-Oriented Particles and Nuclei

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - By employing the $$T$$ -invariance condition for the amplitudes describing arbitrary binary nuclear reactions that involve spin-oriented particles and the respective...     

New Data on Photoneutron Reaction Cross Sections for 76,78,80,82Se Nuclei

The problem of reliability of the cross section data obtained for partial photoneutron reactions on ^76,78,80,82Se nuclei in beams of quasimonoenergetic annihilation photons by means of neutron multiplicity sorting is discussed by employing objective physical criteria. It is shown that, because of substantial systematic uncertainties, experimental data on the (γ, 1n) and (γ, 2n) cross sections are unreliable. New data satisfying the reliability criteria are obtained for the partial photoneutron reaction cross sections for ^76,78,82Se nuclei by an experimental—theoretical method for evaluating such cross sections and are compared with experimental data and with data evaluated earlier for the isotope ⁸⁰Se. The evaluated integrated cross sections for the total photoneutron reactions on ^76,78,80,82Se nuclei are compared with the predictions of the Thomas-Reiche-Kuhn classical dipole sum rule.

     

Approximation of Differential Cross Sections for Elastic Scattering of Hydrogen-Isotope Nuclei

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - Differential cross sections for elastic scattering of hydrogen-isotope nuclei are used in simulations of facilities where fusion reactions are initiated and in...     

Cross Sections of Elastic Electron and Positron Scattering from Proton-Rich Nuclei

We investigate the cross sections of the elastic electron or positron scat tering from 208 Pb, ^12C ^12,16O and ^28,32S by the relativistic partial-wave expansion method using the static charge density distribution from the self-consistent relativistic mean fiel model and also calculate the charge form factor for ^12＇16O and ^28,32S. The numerical results are compared with the available data. Calculations indicate that the extended charge density distributions of ^12O and ^28S have observable effects on the cross sections of the electron or positron scattering as well as the charge form factors.     

重离子熔合反应形成超重核的截面研究

在双核系统框架下,通过数值法解主方程计算了双核间的核子跃迁全熔合几率.两碰撞核内部激发能由相对运动能损提供,因此能够将核子转移过程与相对运动耦合起来.对一些以Pb为靶的形成超重核的冷熔合反应,计算了最佳激发能、形成双核系统的俘获截面、复合核形成几率及存活几率等,所得到的形成超重核蒸发剩余截面与已知实验值符合较好. In the concept of Dinuclear system (DNS) the complete fusion probability of two touch nuclei via nucleon transfer is described by numerically solving the Master equation. The excitation energy of two colliding nuclei is supplied by the energy dissipation of their relative motion, thus the nucleon transfer process and the relative motion are coupled. For Pb based cold fusion reactions to form super heavy nuclei, the optimal excitation energy, the capture cross section to form a DNS ...     

热熔合反应合成超重核产生截面的同位素依赖性

通过在形成超重核的重离子俘获和熔合过程中引入位垒分布函数的方法对双核模型做了进一步发展. 超重核形成过程中的俘获、熔合和蒸发3个阶段分别采用了半经验的耦合道模型、数值求解主方程和统计蒸发模型的方法来描述. 计算了近年来Dubna小组利用热熔合反应⁴⁸Ca(²⁴³Am, 3n—5n)^288—286115和⁴⁸Ca(²⁴⁸Cm, 3n—5n)^293—291116合成超重新核素的蒸发余核激发函数. 系统分析了⁴⁸Ca轰击锕系元素U,Np,Pu,Am,Cm合成超重核Z=112—116产生截面的同位素依赖性. 给出了合成超重新核素最佳的弹靶组合和入射能量, 即有最大的超重核产生截面. 计算说明, 壳修正能和中子分离能是影响超重核生成截面产生同位素依赖性的主要因素.     

Evaluation of Reliable Cross Sections of Photoneutron Reactions on 103Rh and 165Ho Nuclei

Physics of Atomic Nuclei - With the aim of studying the reasons for the discrepancies between the cross sections determined for total and partial photoneutron reactions from various experiments in...     

基于双核模型对Z = 116~ 121 超重核产生截面的研究(英文)

在双核模型的理论框架下系统研究了超重元素Z = 116 ~121 的蒸发剩余截面,计算过程中核子扩散由主方程描述,同时考虑了全熔合与准裂变的竞争。计算基本再现了利用热熔合反应48Ca+245Cm,48Ca+249Cf 和48Ca+249Bk 产生116~118 号同位素的合成截面。同样,分别以249Bk,249Cf 和243Am 为靶,以48Ca,50Ti 和58Fe 为炮弹,计算了Z = 119~ 121 号同位素的生成截面。结果表明,这些超重核的生成截面随着质子数的增大进一步变小。例如,利用58Fe+243Am 反应合成121 号同位素的最大蒸发剩余截面仅在fb 量级。基于对选择的几个反应系统的系统分析,发现双核系统在熔合蒸发过程中偶Z 奇N 和奇Z 偶N 复合核分别有强的3n 和4n 蒸发道。The production cross sections of superheavy elements with Z = 116~121 have been investigated systematically within the dinuclear system (DNS) concept, where the master equation is solved numerically to obtain the fusion probability. The competition between complete fusion and quasifission, which can strongly affect the cross section of the compound nucleus formation, is taken into account. The evaporation residue cross sections ER calculated for the hot fusion actinide-based reactions (48Ca+245Cm, 48Ca+249Cf and 48Ca+249Bk) are basically in agreement with the known experimental data within one order of magnitude. Similar calculations for the synthesis of superheavy elements up to Z = 121 are performed using the available 249Bk, 249Cf and 243Am as targets and 48Ca, 50Ti and 58Fe as projectiles. Their production cross sections are relatively small,especially for the 58Fe+243Am→301121 reaction. A systematic analysis indicates that the 3n and 4n channelsare respectively the most favorable fusion-evaporation channels in the synthesis of even- and odd-Z superheavy elements.     

State-Selective and Total Single-Capture Cross Sections for Fast Collisions of Multiply Charged Ions with Helium Atoms

The four-body boundary corrected first Born approximation (CB1-4B) is used to calculate the single electron capture cross sections for collisions between fully stripped ions (He²⁺, Be⁴⁺, B⁵⁺ and C⁶⁺) and helium target at intermediate and high impact energies. The main goal of this study is to assess the usefulness of the CB1-4B method at intermediate and high impact energies for these collisions. Detailed comparisons with the measurements are carried out and the obtained theoretical cross sections are in reasonable agreement with the available experimental data.     

80MeV/u 20Ne轰击9Be碎裂产物反应总截面的测量

介绍了用透射法测量中能区²⁰Ne打⁹Be靶碎裂产生的次级束与Si靶作用的核反应总截面的方法,以及实验的探测器布局、实验过程和实验结果.并对理论上预言有奇异结构的核¹²N,¹⁷Ne和¹⁷F的实验结果与其相邻核进行了比较.     

Total Hadronic Cross Sections

<正>(Updated September 2013,COMPAS group,fflEP,Protvino)This updated version of the total hadronic cross sections review is based on the first half of 2013 update of the database for total cross section and the ratio of the real-to-imaginary parts of the forward elastic scattering hadronic amplitudes.New data on total pp coUisions cross sections from CERN-LHC-TOTEM[1]and new data from cosmic rays experiment PAO[2]were added.We use a procedure for ranking models as described in[3]to identify the safest parameterizations for extrapolations.Incidentally,the models giving the best fit of accelerator data also reproduce the experimental cosmic ray nucleon-nucleon data extracted from nucleon-air data with no     

Reduction Methods for Total Reaction Cross Sections

The most frequently used methods to reduce fusion and total reaction excitation functions were investigated in a very recent paper Canto et al. (Phys Rev C 92:014626, 2015). These methods are widely used to eliminate the influence of masses and charges in comparisons of cross sections for weakly bound and tightly bound systems. This study reached two main conclusions. The first is that the fusion function method is the most successful procedure to reduce fusion cross sections. Applying this method to theoretical cross sections of single channel calculations, one obtains a system independent curve (the fusion function), that can be used as a benchmark to fusion data. The second conclusion was that none of the reduction methods available in the literature is able to provide a universal curve for total reaction cross sections. The reduced single channel cross sections keep a strong dependence of the atomic and mass numbers of the collision partners, except for systems in the same mass range. In the present work we pursue this problem further, applying the reduction methods to systems within a limited mass range. We show that, under these circumstances, the reduction of reaction data may be very useful.     

Multi-Cluster Decay of Atomic Nuclei

The decay of unstable nuclei which disintegrate with simultaneous emission of few charged fragments is studied. The decay scenario is determined by means of consideration of the Coulomb-correlated quasi-classical motion of outgoing clusters in the sub-barrier region. It is shown that the special solutions which describe the self-similar expansion are particularly important to describe penetration through a multi-dimensional potential barrier. The correlated motion of outgoing particles at the final stage of sub-barrier penetration leads to the energy and angular correlations of emitted particles.     

Analytical Expressions for the Differential Elastic Scattering Cross Sections of Nonidentical Nuclear Particles with Channel Spin 1 and 2

Russian Physics Journal - Analytical expressions for calculation of the differential elastic scattering cross sections of two particles for channels with integer value of the spin equal to 1 and 2...     

丰质子核反应中轻带电粒子发射的同位旋效应

采用同位旋相关的Boltzmann—Langevin方程计算了核素^12-15N和^17-20Ne反应中轻带电粒子发射的同位旋效应。^12-15N与^28Si靶的反应结果显示轻带电粒子的产生截面有明显的同位旋效应,^12N的轻带电粒子产生截面突然增大,与实验得出的结论相同,由此检验了所采用的计算方法的可行性。同时还计算了^17-20Ne与^9Be靶的反应,发现^17Ne的轻带电粒子产生截面也是突然增大,并且其质子分布有较大的弥散,据此认为^17Ne可能具有晕结构。 Within the Boltzmann-Langevin equation, the isospin effects on the production cross sections of light charged particles （LCP） in the reaction of proton rich nuclei were studied. We have calculated the LCP productio n cross sections of the reaction ^12-15N ＋ ^28Si at 55 MeV/u and ^17-20Ne ＋ ^9Be at 60 MeV/u. The LCP production cross sections of ^12N increase abnormally in comparison with those of ^13-15N. The result accorded with experimental one. It also happened to ^17-20Ne. It suggests that ^17Ne is probably a proton halo nucleus.     

核子-核子碰撞截面的参数化公式

核子-核子碰撞截面(σ_NN)是描述原子核反应模型中的重要物理量。 核子-核子碰撞截面包括质子-质子碰撞截面（σ_pp）、中子-中子碰撞截面（σ_NN）和中子 质子碰撞截面（σ_np）, 它们随着核子能量与核物质密度的改变而变化。人们在目前研究中提出了多种核子-核子碰撞截面关于能量和核物质密度的参数化公式,通过计算12C+12C的完全反应截面,比较了不同入射能量下使用各种核子-核子碰撞截面参数化公式对12C完全反应截面的影响。 The nucleus-nucleus cross sections(σ_NN) include the proton-proton cross section, neutron-neutron cross section, and neutron-proton cross section. σ_NN change with the variations of the incident energies and the densities. Some parameterizations of σ_NNas a function of incident energy and density have been proposed in the theoretical and experimental study of nuclear reactions. Through the calculation of reaction cross sections of 12C+12C at different energies, the effect of different σ_NN parameterizations in the reaction cross sections of 12 are studied.      

原子团簇和原子核的相似性

原子团簇(或原子簇)和原子核内部粒子之间的相互作用是根本不同的,但都是含有一定数目的多粒子系统,存在着某些相似特性,如饱和性、壳结构、幻数与同位素效应、变形特性和复合团簇(核)过程等,这些相似性是核物理学家、原子物理学家以及化学家们共同关心的问题。 Both atomic clusters (microclusters) and nuclei are systems of the finite number ofparticles but with different interaction forces among the component particles, and have somesimilarities in their properties, such as saturation, shell structures, magic numbers, isotopic effect,deformation and compound clusters (nuclear) process, etc. The similarities rivet attention in manyscientific communities from nuclear, atomic and molecular, and condensed matter physics as well aschemistry.     

Total Nuclear Reaction Cross Section Induced by Halo Nuclei and Stable Nuclei

We develop a method for calculation of the total reaction cross sections induced by the halo nuclei and stable nuclei. This approach is based on the Glauber theory, which is valid for nuclear reactions at high energies. It is extended for nuclear reactions at low energies and intermediate energies by including both the quantum correction and Coulomb correction under the assumption of the effective nuclear density distribution. The calculated results of the total reaction cross section induced by stable nuclei agree well with 30 experimental data within 10 percent accuracy.The comparison between the numerical results and 20 experimental data for the total nuclear reaction cross section induced by the neutron halo nuclei and the proton halo nuclei indicates a satisfactory agreement after considering the halo structure of these nuclei, which implies quite digerent mean fields for the nuclear reactions induced by halo nuclei and stable nuclei. The halo nucleon distributions and the root-mean-square radii of these nuclei can be extracted from the above comparison based on the improved Glauber model, which indicates clearly the halo structures of these nuclei. Especially,it is clear to see that the medium correction of the nucleon-nucleon collision has little effect on the total reaction cross sections, induced by the halo nuclei due to the very weak binding and the very extended density distribution.     

Total Nuclear Reaction Cross Section Induced by Halo Nuclei and Stable Nuclei

We develop a method for calculation of the total reaction cross sections induced by the halo nuclei and stable. nuclei. This approach is based on the Glauber theory, which is valid for nuclear reactions at high energies. It is extended for nuclear reactions at low energies and intermediate energies by including both the quantum correction and Coulomb correction under the assumption of the effective nuclear density distribution. The calculated results of the total reaction cross section induced by stable nuclei agree well with 30 experimental data within 10 percent accuracy. The comparison between the numerical results and 20 experimental data for the total nuclear reaction cross section induced by the neutron halo nuclei and the proton halo nuclei indicates a satisfactory agreement after considering the halo structure of these nuclei, which implies quite different mean fields for the nuclear reactions induced by halo nuclei and stable nuclei. The halo nucleon distributions and the root-mean-square radii of these nuclei can be extracted from the above comparison based on the improved Glauber model, which indicates clearly the halo structures of these nuclei. Especially,it is clear to see that the medium correction of the nucleon-nucleon collision has little effect on the total reaction cross sections induced by the halo nuclei due to the very weak binding and the very extended density distribution.