Synthesis, structure, and characterization of a cubic thallium cluster phase of the Bergman type, Na13(Cd-0.70Tl-0.30)27

Samples of Na(13)(Cd(1-x)Tl(x))(27) crystallize with a cubic Bergman-type Im3 structure (formerly called the R-phase) (Z = 4, a approximately 15.92 A) and exhibit a small phase width, 0.24 < x < 0.33. The crystal structure exhibits a Cd/Tl (=M) network of concentric empty M(12) and Cd(12) icosahedra and M(60) buckyball clusters, with the sodium cations in the annuli between clusters. The compound is unusually electron deficient with respect to electron counting rules applied to most Bergman phases with less electropositive cations, and because of the sodium component it is probably better described as an electron-poor Zintl phase. The new compound is metallic according to both EHTB band calculations for the anion and the measured resistivities and magnetic susceptibilities. Site preferences observed for Na, Cd, and Tl among the seven crystallographic sites are consistent with their relative Mulliken electron populations.     

Pd(0.213)Cd(0.787) and Pd(0.235)Cd(0.765) structures: their long c axis and composite crystals, chemical twinning, and atomic site preferences

We present single-crystal studies of Pd(0.213)Cd(0.787) and Pd(0.235)Cd(0.765), synchrotron powder studies of Pd(1-x)Cd(x), 0.755> or =x> or =0.800, and LDA-DFT and extended Hückel (eH) calculations on these or related phases. The two single-crystal structures have a, b, and c axis lengths of 9.9013(7), 14.0033(10), 37.063(24) and 9.9251(3), 14.0212(7), 60.181(3) A, respectively and they crystallize in the space groups Ccme and F2mm, respectively (solved as (3+1)-dimensional crystals their most convenient superspace group is Xmmm(00gamma)s00). The structures have two different structural components each with their own separate axis parameters. Powder data shows that the ratio of these separate axes (S/L) varies from 1.615 to 1.64, values near the golden mean (1.618). For Pd(0.213)Cd(0.787), different Pd and Cd site occupancies lead to variation in the R factor from 2.6-3.6 %. The site occupancy pattern with the lowest R factor (among the 26 820 variants studied) is the exact site occupancy pattern predicted by LDA-DFT parameterized eH Mulliken charge populations. The phases can be understood through a chemical twinning principle found in gamma-brass, the parent structure for the above phases (a relation with the MgCu(2) Laves phase is also noted). This twinning principle can be used to account for Cd and Pd site preferences. At the same time there is a clean separation among the Cd and Pd atoms for the two separate chain types at height b=0 and 1/2. These results indicate that Cd:Pd stoichiometry plays a role in phase stability.     

Heteroatomic Centering of Icosahedral Clusters. Crystal and Electronic Structure of the K(6)(NaCd)(2)Tl(12)Cd Compound Containing the Not-So-Naked Tl(12)Cd(12-) Polyanion

The title compound was synthesized in a niobium container by fusion of the elements followed by slow cooling. In the first stage, the stoichiometric proportion KNaCd(3)Tl(7) yielded a heterogeneous product containing a few single crystals of the compound K(6)(Na(2.36(9))Cd(1.64(9)))Tl(12)Cd, the structure of which was established by a single crystal X-ray diffraction technique (cubic, Im&thremacr;, a = 11.352(2) ?, Z = 2, R(F) = 3.24%, Rw(F) = 4.60%). Occurrence of a stoichiometry range for the compound was indicated after a new reaction starting from the composition K(6)Na(2)Cd(3)Tl(12) gave a quite homogeneous and well-crystallized product (refined composition K(6)(Na(1.93(7))Cd(2.07(7)))Tl(12)Cd, Im&thremacr;, a = 11.321(2) ?, Z = 2, R(F) = 3.98%, Rw(F) = 4.99%). The structure of K(6)(NaCd)(2)Tl(12)Cd is distinguishable from that reported for Na(4)K(6)Tl(13) by replacement of the icosahedron centering thallium and of half the sodium cations by cadmium. Statistical occupation disorder occurs on the 8(c) position of the outer Cd/Na atom. The structure contains the 50-electron closed shell centered Tl(12)Cd(12-) icosahedral cluster with &thremacr;m symmetry (T(h)). Extended Hückel molecular orbital and band calculations were carried out to analyze the centering effect on the anion stability and look at the electron transfer, especially from cadmium lying within the first coordination shell of the icosahedral cluster. Electron localization within the Cd-centered icosahedron is not as evident as in the Tl-centered thallium icosahedral clusters described elsewhere; actually, cadmium is found to bridge icosahedra within a more three-dimensional network than sodium by forming bonds that are mainly covalent. The compound is a semiconducting Zintl phase with closed shell bonding.     

Hydrothermal Synthesis and Crystal Structure of a Cadmium（Ⅱ） Polymer with a Two-dimensional Network Structure： [ Cd（pzdc）（2,2＇-bipy） ]n·nH2O

A metal-organic coordination compound formulated as [Cd（pzdc）（2,2＇-bipy）]n·nH2O 1 （Hzpzdc = pyrazine-2,3-dicarboxylic acid, 2,2＇-bipy = 2,2＇-bipyridine） has been hydrothermally synthesized and structurally characterized by elemental analysis, IR, TG fluorescence spectrum and single-crystal X-ray diffraction. The title compound crystallizes in the monoclinic system, space group P2 1/c with a = 10.8081（13）, b = 14.4328（17）, c = 10.2530（12） A, β = 98.504（2）°, V= 1581.8（3） ]A3, C16H14CdN4O5, Mr= 454.71, Dc = 1.909 g/cm^3, μ（MoKa） = 1.420 mm^-1, F（000） = 904, Z = 4, the final R = 0.0230 and wR = 0.0554 for 2901 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. It exhibits an interesting two-dimensional network structure and shows yellow photoluminescent property at room temperature.     

Ce和Dy在Cd0.5Zn0.5B4O7中的发光特性及能量双向传递

采用高温固相法制备了白蓝光双发射为一体的Cd0.5Zn0.5B4O7∶Ce/Dy系列发光材料. 由XRD测得Cd0.41Zn0.5B4O7∶Ce0.04/Dy0.02的晶胞参数: a=1.3885 nm, b=0.8020 nm, c=0.8670 nm, 属于正交晶系, Pbca空间群. 在Ce/Dy双掺的体系中存在Ce3+和Dy3+两种发光中心, 254~350 nm激发主要是Dy3+的 4F9/2→6H15/2和4F9/2→6H13/2跃迁发射, 而355—390 nm激发主要为Ce3+的5d→4f跃迁发射. 340 nm激发Ce/Dy双掺发光体的发射强度是同浓度Dy3+单掺的31倍, Ce3+是Dy3+的高效敏化剂, 而355—390 nm激发Dy3+是Ce3+的敏化剂. 体系中存在少见的Ce3+→Dy3+与Dy3+→Ce3+的能量双向传递.     

Confined linear molecules inside an aperiodic supramolecular crystal: the sequence of superspace phases in n-hexadecane/urea

High-resolution studies of the host-guest inclusion compound n-hexadecane/urea are reported at atmospheric pressure, using both cold neutrons and x-ray diffraction. This intergrowth crystal presents a misfit parameter, defined by the ratio c(h)/c(g) (c(host)/c(guest)), which is temperature independent and irrational (γ = 0.486 ± 0.002) from 300 to 30 K. Three different structural phases are reported for this aperiodic crystal over this temperature range. The crystallographic superspaces are of rank 4 in phases I and II, whereas phase III is associated with an increase in rank to 5, with a supplementary misfit parameter (δ = 0.058 ± 0.002) that is constant throughout this phase. The superspace group of phase I is hexagonal P6(1)22(00γ) down to T(c1) = 149.5 ± 0.5 K; phase II, which persists down to T(c2) = 127.8 ± 0.5 K is orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1)(00γ), and phase III is orthorhombic P2(1)2(1)2(1)(00γ)(00δ).     

Column chromatographic separation of Ce(III) from U(VI) and other elements in hippuric acid medium as an analytical application of poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6]

A simple and efficient column chromatographic method has been developed for the separation of Ce(III) from U(VI) and Ni(II)/Zn(II)/Cd(II)/Co(II)/Ba(II) etc. using poly[dibenzo-18-crown-6] as stationary phase and hippuric acid as a counter ion. HCl and H₂SO₄ were most efficient eluting agents for Ce(III). The capacity of crown polymer for Ce(III) was found to be 0.285 ± 0.01 mmol/g. The tolerance limits of various cations and anions for Ce(III) were determined. Ce(III) was quantitatively separated from U(VI) and Ni(II)/Zn(II)/Cd(II)/Co(II)/Ba(II) in binary as well as multicomponent mixtures. The good separation yields were obtained and had good reproducibility (±2 %). The method incorporated the determination of Ce(III) in real sample. The method was simple, rapid and selective.     

Synthesis,Structure Characterization and Photoluminescence of a Novel Complex with（6,4,4）-Network [Ce_2（2,5-pydc）_3（H_2O）_2]（2,5-pydc = Pyridine-2,5-dicarboxylic Acid）

A new three-dimensional supramolecular [Ce2(2,5-pydc)3(H2O)2](1) has been hydrothermally synthesized at 180 ℃ and characterized by single-crystal X-ray diffraction.X-ray crystal analyses reveal that the compound belongs to the monoclinic system,space group P21/c,C21H13Ce2N3O14,a = 6.561(1),b = 17.986(5),c = 9.411(3) ,β = 95.558(5)° and Z = 2.In the structure of 1,each Ce(1) center is surrounded by 2,5-pydc ligands,forming the 6-connected node,and the 2,5-pydc ligand coordinates to the Ce(Ⅲ) in two different coordination modes.In mode 1,the four oxygen atoms of two carboxyl groups connect neighboring Ce(Ⅲ) ions,giving 4-connected(4-c) second building unit(SBU-1).Furthermore,the structure is extended into a 2-D layer from SBU-1 by sharing Ce(1) atoms.In mode 2,the ligand coordinates to the Ce(Ⅲ) ion from the adjacent chain with the 4-connected(4-c) second building unit(SBU-2),generating a 1-D ladder from SBU-2 by sharing Ce(1) atoms.Finally,the structure is extended into a 6,4,4-c network.Its photoluminescence property was also investigated.     

A One-dimensional Transition Metal Complex Constructed from 24-Membered Hinge-shaped Macrocycles with Salicylic Acid and 1,3-Bis（4-pyridyl）propane

A new 1-D coordination polymer [Cd（Hsal）2（bpp）2] 1 was hydrothermally synthesi- zed by self-assembly of the corresponding metal oxide and salicylic acid （H2sal） with exo-bidentate flexible dipyridyl ligand 1,3-bis（4-pyridyl）propane （bpp）. X-ray crystal structure analysis reveals that complex 1 crystallizes in monoclinic,space group C2/c with a = 18.942（3）,b = 12.9309（19）,c = 16.504（2） A,β = 120.072（2）°,V = 3498.3（9）A^3,Z = 4,C40H38CdN4O6,Mr = 783.14,Dc = 1.487 g/cm^3,μ = 0.679 mm^-1,F（000） = 1608,R = 0.0619 and wR = 0.1435 for 3153 observed reflections （I 〉 2σ（I））. The most remarkable feature of 1 lies in the 1-D chain by repeating [Cd2（bpp）2] units which consist of a 24-membered macrocyclic ring. The 1-D motifs are further connected by C–H… O hydrogen bonds to generate a 2-D structure. In addition,thermal stability and luminescent property of compound 1 were also documented.     

新型镉(Ⅱ)配位聚合物的合成与性能

以1,3,5-三(咪唑基)苯(tib),4,4-二苯醚二甲酸(H2L)和Cd(NO3)2·6H2O为原料,在水热条件下合成了一个新的Cd(Ⅱ)配合物[Cd2(L)4(tib)2DMF]n·DMF(Cd-2 MOF)(1,CCDC:1901161),其结构经IR,元素分析和X-射线单晶衍射表征。结果表明:配合物1属三斜晶系,P 21/n空间群,晶胞参数a=10.0363(9)A,b=14.1842(13)A,c=20.2842(18)A,α=97.754(3)°,β=98.410(3)°,γ=104.960(3)°。室温固态荧光测试结果显示配合物1具有很强的发射峰,并研究其变温荧光性质,通过后功能化修饰掺杂稀土元素实现了Ln^3+封装的MOF(Ln=Eu,Tb,Eu/Tb)材料发射的细调。     

Crystal Structure of Quaternary Mixed Anion Complex of Labthanide [Ce(CH_3COO)_2(NO)_3(phen)]_2

11NTRODUrmNSomequaternarymixedanioncomplesesoflanthanidesweresynthesized.karasavetalsynthesized">Eu(acac)(NO3)(bipy)2.3H2OandJin[2ietal.Synthe-sizedEu(m-MBA)(NO3)(phen)andEu(o-MBA)(NO,)(phen).Onlyacrystalstructureofceriumcontainingphenwasstudied,Ce(CH,COCHCOCH,)3(phen),fromCambridgeStructureDatabase.SowesynthesizedthecomplexoftCe(CH,Coo)z(Noa)(phen)J,andthecrystalstructure.2EXPERmENTAL2.1Cry8talpreparationThecrystalwasseparatedfromtheethanol/waterso-lutionofceriumnitrate…     

Synthesis and Structure of a Novel Macrocyclic Complex [Cd2(phen)4(phth)2]·4H2O

A novel complex [Cd2(phen)4(phth)2]·4H2O has been synthesized by the reaction of H2phth(phthalic acid) and phen(1,10-phenanthroline) with Cd(Ⅱ) in ethanol-water solution. X-ray crystal structure analysis shows it crystallizes in triclinic, space group P1 with a = 10.619(3), b =12.560(4), c = 12.651(4) A, α = 98.775(5), β = 109.035(5), γ = 113.576(5)°, C32H24CdN4O6, Mr=672.95, V= 1381.7(7) A3, Rint = 0.0358, Z= 2, Dc= 1.618 g/cm3, μ = 0.845 mm-1, -6 ≤h≤13, -15≤k ≤13, -15≤l≤14, F(000) = 680, S = 1.038, R = 0.0480 and wR = 0.0849 for 3992 observed reflections (I ＞ 2σ(Ⅰ)). Phth bridges Cd(Ⅱ) to form a macrocyclic compound, and a 2D supramolecular motif is formed through hydrogen bonds and π-π interaction.     

On the strongly correlated electron hydride Ce2Ni2MgH7.7

The intermediate valence compound Ce 2Ni 2Mg absorbs irreversibly hydrogen when exposed under 1 MPa of H 2 pressure at room temperature. The resulting hydride Ce 2Ni 2MgH 7.7 is stable in air and crystallizes as the deuteride La 2Ni 2MgD 8 in a monoclinic structure (space group P2 1 /c) with the unit cell parameters a = 11.7620(2), b = 7.7687(2), and c = 11.8969(2) A and beta = 92.75 degrees . The H-insertion in Ce 2Ni 2Mg induces a structural transition from a tetragonal to a monoclinic symmetry with an unit cell volume expansion Delta V m/ V m approximately 24.9%. The investigation of the hydride by magnetization, electrical resistivity, and specific heat measurements indicates a change from an intermediate valence behavior to a non-magnetic strongly correlated electron system. This transition results from a change of the coupling constant J cf between 4f(Ce) and conduction electrons induced by the hydrogenation.     

Cd(4)Cu(7)As, The First Representative of a Fully Ordered, Orthorhombically Distorted MgCu(2) Laves Phase

The ternary Laves phase Cd(4)Cu(7)As is the first intermetallic compound in the system Cu-Cd-As and a representative of a new substitution variant for Laves phases. It crystallizes orthorhombically in the space group Pnnm (No. 58) with lattice parameters a = 9.8833(7) ?; b = 7.1251(3) ?; c = 5.0895(4) ?. All sites are fully occupied within the standard deviations. The structure can be described as typical Laves phase, where Cu and As are forming vertex-linked tetrahedra and Cd adopts the structure motive of a distorted diamond network. Cd(4)Cu(7)As was prepared from stoichiometric mixtures of the elements in a solid state reaction at 1000 °C. Magnetic measurements are showing a Pauli paramagnetic behavior. During our systematical investigations within the ternary phase triangle Cd-Cu-As the cubic C15-type Laves phase Cd(4)Cu(6.9(1))As(1.1(1)) was structurally characterized. It crystallizes cubic in the space group Fd3m? with lattice parameter a = 7.0779(8) ?. Typically for quasi-binary Laves phases Cu and As are both occupying the 16c site. Chemical bonding, charge transfer and atomic properties of Cd(4)Cu(7)As were analyzed by band structure, ELF, and AIM calculations. On the basis of the general formula for Laves phases AB(2), Cd is slightly positively charged forming the A substructure, whereas Cu and As represent the negatively charged B substructure in both cases. The crystal structure distortion is thus related to local effects caused by Arsenic that exhibits a larger atomic volume (18 ?(3) compared to 13 ?(3) for Cu) and higher ionicity in bonding.     

三维稀土配位聚合物[Ce2(H2btc)(btc)(H2O)2]n的水热合成与晶体结构

含有稀土元素的无机一有机配位聚合物因在光、电、磁及催化等方面具有潜在的应用价值而引起人们的关注．芳香多羧基有机配体在合成配位聚合物和多维超分子研究领域中扮演着重要角色．1，2，4，5-均苯四甲酸(H4btc)由于具有独特的配位能力(btc^4-最多可作为八齿配体)和空间特性，     

A novel cadmium aminophosphonate: X-ray powder diffraction structure, solid-state IR and NMR spectroscopic determination of the fine structure of the organic moieties

A new divalent cadmium phosphonate, Cd2Cl2(H2O)4(H2L), has been synthesized from the ethylenediamine-N,N'-bis(methylenephosphonic acid) (H4L). The obtained microcrystalline compound has been characterized by solid-state IR spectra and 13C, 31P, and 113Cd CP MAS NMR. The static 13P NMR spectra have been also recorded to give the delta11, delta22, and delta33 chemical shift parameters for both compounds. The spectral data, collected for Cd2Cl2(H2O)4(H2L), are in an agreement with its X-ray powder diffraction structure solved with the cell dimensions a = 16.6105(10), b = 7.1572(4), and c = 6.8171(4) A and beta = 98.327(4) degrees. The octahedral coordination sphere of the cadmium atoms consists of two phosphonate oxygen atoms, two water oxygen atoms, and the two chlorine atoms. Cadmium atoms are bridged by the chlorine atoms forming four-membered rings. The phosphorus atoms exhibit a tetrahedral coordination with two oxygen atoms bonded to the cadmium atoms with P-O distances of 1.503(10) and 1.504(10) A. The third oxygen atom, showing a longer P-O distance (1.546(9) A), is not bonded to the metal center, nor is it bonded to a proton. The combined IR and NMR proton-phosphorus cross-polarization kinetic data together with the X-ray data confirm that the cadmium phosphonate has the zwitterionic structure (NH2(+)CH2P(O2Cd2)O-) similar to the initial aminophosphonic acid H4L.     

New cadmium thio- and selenocyanato coordination compounds: structural snapshots on the reaction pathway to more condensed anionic networks

In this contribution several new coordination compounds on the basis of cadmium(II) thio- and selenocyanate with pyrimidine as co-ligand were prepared and investigated for their structural, thermal and spectroscopic properties. The reaction of cadmium(II) thiocyanate with pyrimidine leads to the formation of four compounds, which from a structural point of view are closely related. In the most pyrimidine-rich 1 : 2 compound [Cd(NCS)(2)(pyrimidine)(2)](n) (1A) (1 : 2 = ratio between metal salt and the co-ligand pyrimidine) the Cd cations are linked by the pyrimidine ligands into layers and are additionally coordinated by two terminal N-bonded anions. In the 2 : 3 compound {[Cd(NCS)(2)](2)(pyrimidine)(3)}(n) (1B) the Cd cations are linked into chains by μ-1,3 bridging thiocyanato anions, which are connected into layers by only half of the pyrimidine ligands, whereas the other co-ligands are only terminal coordinated. Further reduction of the pyrimidine content leads to the formation of the 1 : 1 2D compound [Cd(NCS)(2)(pyrimidine)](n) (1CI) in which the terminal N-bonded thiocyanato anions become bridging. Surprisingly, crystallization experiments lead to the formation of an additional pyrimidine-deficient intermediate of composition {[Cd(NCS)(2)](3)(pyrimidine)(2)}(n) (1D), in which some of the μ-1,3 coordinated anions transform into μ-1,1,3 bridging thiocyanato anions. Consequently the four structures can be used as snapshots of intermediates on the way to a more condensed thiocyanato coordination network. In contrast, with cadmium selenocyanate only two different compounds were obtained. The 1 : 2 compound [Cd(NCSe)(2)(pyrimidine)(2)](n) (2A) is not isotypic to 1A and shows a completely different coordination topology whereas the pyrimidine-deficient 1 : 1 compound (2B) shows a more condensed network with μ-1,3 coordinating selenocyanato anions. On heating, the 1 : 2 compound 1A decomposes into Cd(NCS)(2)via a new polymorphic modification (1CII) as intermediate which is metastable, whereas the 1 : 2 selenocyanato compound 2A transforms into the 1 : 1 compound 2B on heating which cannot be obtained phase pure under these conditions. If faster heating rates are used, there are indications for the formation of a 3 : 2 compound, which is amorphous to X-rays. The results are compared with those obtained for related thio- and selenocyanato coordination polymers with pyridine, pyridazine and pyrazine as co-ligand. Moreover, their impact on the structures and thermal reactivity of analogous paramagnetic compounds is discussed in detail. Based on the structural data of compound 1D the unknown structures of two intermediates were determined, which are formed in the thermal decomposition reaction of the Mn and Fe thiocyanato pyrimidine coordination polymers, reported recently.     

Oxygen-release/storage properties of Ce0.5M0.5O2 (M = Zr, Hf) oxides: interplay of crystal chemistry and electronic structure

Fluorite-type Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and Ce0.5Hf0.5O2 have been synthesized by a solution combustion route, and their oxygen release and reduction have been investigated up to 850 degrees C. On reduction, the zirconium system forms two pyrochlore phases, Ce2Zr2O7 (pyrochlore-I) and Ce2Zr2O6.2 (pyrochlore-II), while the hafnium system forms only a disordered fluorite phase with the composition Ce0.5Hf0.5O1.77, under the same experimental conditions. The crystal structures of the reduction products have been characterized by powder X-ray diffraction and Rietveld refinement, and their electronic structures have been investigated by photoelectron spectroscopy and electrical conductivity measurements. Pyrochlore-I (a = 10.6727(4) A) is a semiconductor, while pyrochlore-II (a = 10.6463(8) A) is a good conductor (with a nearly temperature independent resistivity of approximately 2.5 ohm.cm in the 400-1000 K range). X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) shows an admixture of Ce(5d,6s) with Zr(4d) and O(2p) and a significant density of states near EF in the highly reduced pyrochlore-II phase. The changes have been rationalized in terms of a qualitative energy band scheme that brings out the special role of zirconium vis-à-vis hafnium in the reduction/oxygen release properties of Ce0.5Zr0.5O2 and Ce0.5Hf0.5O2.     

Synthesis and Structure of a Novel Macrocyclic Complex [Cd_2(phen)_4(phth)_2]·4H_2O

1 INTRODUCTION In recent years, extensively attention has been fo- cused on the design and synthesis of d10 metal- based complexes[1, 2]. A series of d10 metal-organic frame- works have been described not only because of their intriguing structures but also due to their ptential ap- plications in photoluminescent fields[3～7]. Although phthalate ligand was successfully used to design and synthesize a wide variety of metal complexes, those containing Cd(II) complex are less considered[8～…     

Composition-structure relationships in polar intermetallics: experimental and theoretical studies of LaNi(1 + x)Al(6 - x) (x = 0.44)

A new ternary aluminide, LaNi(1 + x)Al(6 - x ) (x = 0.44), has been synthesized from La, Ni, and Al in sealed silica tubes. Its structure, determined by single-crystal X-ray diffraction, is tetragonal P4/mmm (No. 123) with Z = 1 and has the lattice parameters a = 4.200(8) and c = 8.080(8) angstroms. Refinement based on Fo2 yielded R1 = 0.0197 and wR2 = 0.020 [I > 2sigmaI]. The compound adopts a structure type previously observed in SrAu2Ga5 and EuAu2Ga5. The atomic arrangement is closely related to the one in BaAl4 as well as in other rare-earth gallide compounds such as LaNi0.6Ga6, HoCoGa5, Ce4Ni2Ga20, Ce4Ni2Ga17, Ce4NiGa18, and Ce3Ni2Ga15. This structure exhibits a large open cavity which may be filled by a guest atom. Band structure calculations using density functional theory have been carried out to understand the stability of this new compound.