Structure,Electrical,and Optical Properties of Nb-doped BaTiO3 Thin Films Grown by Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy

Structure,electrical,and optical properties of Nb-doped BaTiO3 (Nb:BTO) thin films on MgO substrates grownby laser molecular beam epitaxy with increasing Nb content were investigated.The Nb:BTO thin films with high crystallinity are epitaxially grown on MgO substrates.With more Nb-doped content,the impurity phases are found in Nb:BTO thin films.Hall measurement at room temperature confirms that the charge carriers of the Nb:BTO thin films are n-type.When the Nb-doped content increases,the carrier concentration and carrier mobility increase.Meanwhile the optical transmittance decreases with the increase of the Nb-doping,and the width of the forbidden band in each group is not affected by the presence of Nb in the samples.Raman spectra show that the structural phase transition may occur with the increase of the Nb-doping content,in the meantime more defects and impurities exist in the Nb:BTO thin films.     

Effect of Ag Nanoparticles on Optical Properties of R6G Doped PMMA Films

The composite PMMA films containing Ag nanoparticles and rhodamine 6G are prepared. We investigate the fluorescence properties and nonlinear optical properties of R6G/PMMA films influenced by Ag nanoparticles. The fluorescence enhancement factor is about 3.3. The corresponding nonlinear refractive index is measured to be -2.423 ×10^-8 esu using the Z-scan technique, which is much enhanced compared with the R6G/PMMA film. The results indicate that these enhancements are attributed to surface plasmon resonance of Ag nanoparticles.     

掺Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO3复合薄膜的非线性光学特性

通过准分子激光(XeCl,308 nm,20 ns)在MgO(100)单晶衬底上制备了不同掺杂浓度的Ag:BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜,通过X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜的结构和组分进行了表征.在430 nm和470 nm附近观测到了不同浓度Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子体吸收峰,通过z扫描技术对复合薄膜的三阶非线性光学特性进行了测量,并对其光学非线性的增强机制进行了讨论.     

Co／BaTiO3纳米复合薄膜的PLD法制备

纳米金属一陶瓷复合薄膜是纳米金属颗粒嵌埋在介质载体中形成的一种复合材料。在此体系中纳米金属的小尺寸效应、表面界面效应、量子尺寸效应、量子隧穿效应及陶瓷基体的高介电常数及介电强度，赋予此体系独特的光学特性。如高的三阶非线性光学极化率、超快的三阶非线性响应时间及高三阶非线性系数等，在电子器件和光学材料方面有着潜在的应用前景，引起了国内外学者的极大兴趣。     

Growth and Optical Properties of Double Heterostructure GaN／InGaN／GaN Films with Large Composition

The double heterostructure GaN/InGaN/GaN films with different thicknesses of the InGaN layer were grown at 780℃ or 800℃ by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition.The samples were investigated using x-ray diffraction (XRD),room-temperature photoluminescence (PL) and Raman scattering.The dependences of the samples on both the growth temperature and the thickness of the InGaN layer were studied.The composition of InGaN was determined by the results of XRD,and the bowing parameter of InGaN was calculated in terms of the PL spectra.When the thickness of the InGaN layer was reduced,the phase separation of InGaN was found in some samples.The raman frequency of the A1(LO) and E2(low) modes in all the samples shifted and did not agree with Vegard‘s law.     

Laser Molecular Beam Epitaxy Growth of BaTiO3 in Seven Thousands of Unit-Cell Layers

BaTiO3 thin films in seven thousands of unit-cell layers have been successfully fabricated on SrTiO3 （001） substrates by laser molecular beam epitaxy. The fine streak pattern and the undamping intensity oscillation of reflection high-energy electron diffraction indicate that the BaTiO3 film was layer-by-layer epitaxial growth. The measurements of scanning electron microscopy and atomic force microscopy show that surfaces of the BaTiO3 thin film are atomically smooth. The measurements of x-ray diffraction and transmission electron microscopy, as well as selected-area electron diffraction reveal that the BaTiO3 thin film is a c-oriented epitaxial crystalline structure.     

Preparation and Optical Properties of SnO2／SiO2 Nanocomposite

SnO2/SiO2 nanocomposites have been prepared by the soaking-thermal-decomposing method, tin oxide nanoparticles are uniformly dispersed in the mesopores of silica. The optical absorption edge of the obtained nanocomposite presents a redshift compared with bulk tin oxide, With the increasing annealing temperature during the procedure of the sample preparation, the optical absorption edge of the sample moves to shorter wavelength (blueshift). These optical properties can be ascribed to the amorphous structure and band defects of surface layers of the tin oxide nanoparticles.     

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Novel C60 Derivatives under Picosecond Laser Excitation

We investigate the third-order nonlinear optical properties of six novel fullerene derivatives under picosecond laser excitation by Z-scan technique. The experimental results reveal that all the derivatives have very large nonlinear absorption coefficient under 532 nm pulses excitation and great third-order nonlinear refraction index under 1064 nm pulses excitation. The molecular second hyperpolarizabilities are obtained from the experimental results.     

Optical Properties of Co-BaTiO3/Mg（100） Nano-Composite Films Grown by Pulsed Laser Deposition Method

Co nanoparticles embedded in a BaTiO3 matrix, namely Co-BaTiO3 nano-composite films are grown on Mg（100） single crystal substrates by the pulsed laser deposition （PLD） method at 650℃. Optical properties of the CoBaTiO3 nano-composite films are examined by absorption spectra （AS） and photoluminescence （PL） spectra. The results indicate that the concentration of Co nano-particles strongly influences the electron transition of the Co BaTiO3 nano-composite films. The PL emission band ranging from 1.9 to 2.2eV is reported. The AS and PL spectra suggest that the band gap is in the range of 3.28-3.7eV.     

Large third—order optical nonlinearity in Au nanomeytre particle doped BaTiO3 composite films near the resonant frequency

Nanometre-sized gold particles embedded in BaTiO₃ composite thin films (Au/BaTiO₃) were fabricated by the pulsed laser deposition technique. The films were grown on MgO (100) substrates at 700℃. The crystalline property of the films was studied with x-ray diffraction. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy was used to check the Au composition and chemical nature for the deposited films. The absorption peak due to the surface plasmon resonance of Au particles was observed at the wavelength of about 570 nm, which increased as the metal particle size was increased. The nonlinear optical properties of the Au/BaTiO₃ films were determined using the z-scan method at the wavelength of 532 nm, which was close to the resonant frequency. The real and imaginary parts of the third-order nonlinear susceptibility χ⁽³⁾ at an Au concentration of about 6.7 at.% were determined to be 6.62×10^-7 esu and -6.24×10^-8 esu, respectively. The films showed a very large absorption, masking the nonlinear refraction effect at high metal concentrations.     

Nonlinear Optical Properties of Indium Phthalocyanine Axially Grafted Polystyrene Thin Film

Ultrafast dynamics and third-order nonlinearity of thin films of tert-butyl peripherally-substituted indium phthalocyanine axlally grafted polystyrene （tBu4PcIn-PS） are investigated by femtosecond optical-Kerr-effect （OKE） and z-scan experiments. The fastest component （〈 200 fs） in the OKE traces of the film is related to the electron cloud distortion, where the phthalocyanine-polymer interaction may enhance this contribution. The z-scan measurement also indicates that this interaction might enhance the third-order optical nonlinearity. The measurements shows that the magnitudes of X（3） of these films are in order of 10^-11 esu.     

Dielectric Properties of Fine-Grained BaTiO3 Ceramics under High Pressure

We investigate the temperature dependence of the dielectric constant of BaTiO3 ceramic with coarse to nanograin size under different hydrostatic high pressures up to 5000 bar in the range between room temperature and 200℃. The ferroelectric-to-paraelectric phase transition temperatures Tc are determined from the peak of dielectric constant versus temperature. The values of average grain-size are estimated from the SEM images. It is found that the magnitude of dTc/dp varies considerably from sample to sample depending on grain size. The Curie point Tc of the sample with small grain size decreases more sharply than that of samples with larger one.     

Effect of Annealing on Ferroelectric Properties of Nanometre BaTiO3 Ceramics Prepared by High Pressure Sintering Method

Dense nanocrystalline BaTiO3 ceramics with a grain size of 5Onto are prepared under 6 GPa at 1273K using a high pressure sintering method. The sintered bulk is uniform and the relative density is above 97%. We anneal the ceramic samples in oxygen with various temperatures and for the annealing, several broadened peaks can be observed at different times without apparent grain growth. After about 378K（ by dielectric measurements. However, these peaks are very different from those of coarser-grained ceramics. It is indicated that both the elimination of oxygen vacancies and the release of residual stresses caused by high pressure greatly improve the overall ferroelectric properties of BaTiO3 ceramics. The observation of nearly linear polarization hysteresis loop after anneal provides the solid evidence of ferroelectricity in these nano-sized BaTiO3 ceramics. It is believed that the absence of 90° domains and the existence of poor-permittivity nonferroelectric grain boundaries contribute to the slim loop.     

掺Ag纳米颗粒的BaTiO3复合薄膜的非线性光学特性

通过准分子激光(XeCl, 308 nm, 20 ns)在MgO(100)单晶衬底上制备了不同掺杂浓度的Ag:BaTiO₃纳米复合薄膜,通过X射线衍射和X射线光电子能谱对薄膜的结构和组分进行了表征.在430 nm和470 nm附近观测到了不同浓度Ag纳米颗粒引起的等离子体吸收峰,通过z扫描技术对复合薄膜的三阶非线性光学特性进行了测量,并对其光学非线性的增强机制进行了讨论. 关键词： 金属纳米复合薄膜 激光沉积 非线性光学     

Optical Parameters and Absorption of Azo Dye and Its Metal-Substituted Compound Thin Films

We determine the complex refractive indices N(N= n-ik), dielectric constants ε(ε=ε1 - iε2), and absorption coefficients a of a new azo dye [2-(6-methyl-2-benzothlazolyazo)-5-diethylaminophenol(MBADP)]-doped polymer and its nickel- and zinc-substituted compounds(Ni-MBADP and Zn-MBADP) spin-coated thin films from a scan-ning ellipsometer in the wavelength 400-700 nm region. Metal chelation strongly (about one times) enhances the optical and dielectric parameters at the peaks and results in a large bathochromic shift (50-60nm) of absorption band. Bathochromic shift of Ni-MBADP is about 1Ohm larger than that of Zn-MBADP due to different spatialconfigurations formed in the metal-azo complexes.     

Identification of Ag37Sn33Te30 Phase-Change Films for Optical Data Storage

The Ag37Sn33 Te30 film has been investigated to determine its suitability as phase change optical recording alloy based on static tester and atomic force microscopy measurements. Switching properties and the recording bit topography of the film are studied. With a writing pulse of power 2.StoW, width 10μs, and an erasure pulse of power 0.25 mW, width 10 μs, optical contrast of 31.8% is obtained. Re-crystallization experiments identify the Ag37Sn33Te3o film as a suitable phase change materiM for optical data storage with a complete erasure time of 1.1 μs at low erasure power.