Relationship between charge transfer energies of Yb and Sm and crystal environmental factor

Relationship between charge transfer energies E_CT of Yb³⁺ and Sm³⁺ and environmental factors h_e in various crystals was investigated using a dielectric chemical bond method. Both results show that they have an exponential relation E_CT=A+B exp(−kh_e), but the exponential factors are different, which indicates that the interaction between the rare earth ions and environment is connected with the kind of rare earth ion. This result provides a method of determining charge transfer energies of Yb³⁺ and Sm³⁺ from a crystal structure.     

超声速气膜气动光学效应与Reynolds数相互关系实验研究

目前,随着相关项目研究的不断推进,如何在高Reynolds数下研究其对气动光学效应的影响成为重要命题.通过设计变Reynolds数气动光学效应实验平台,模拟的单位Reynolds数可以在7.2×106~2.2×108 m-1范围内变化.搭建的基于背景纹影（background oriented schlieren,BOS）的波前测试系统可以达到6 ns的时间分辨率.此系统测量的平凸透镜波前结果表明:实验测量结果与理论计算结果的误差在±4%以内.通过测量9种不同Reynolds数下的超声速气膜瞬态波前数据,分析结果表明:在高Reynolds数条件下,Reynolds数对于超声速气膜气动光学效应的影响比较明显,通过对实验数据进行函数拟合发现OPD_rms∝Re0.88,与推导结果OPD_rms∝Re0.9十分接近;利用小波分析方法研究了高Reynolds数条件下气动光学效应沿流向的分布特征,发现OPD_rms的低频部分（信号的主体）先降低后升高,但是高频部分的震荡幅度先升后降.分析认为OPD_rms的低频部分主要受到流场整体结构的影响,而高频部分更多地受到涡的空间分布影响.      

铸造奥氏体不锈钢中铁素体与奥氏体位向关系及其对声衰减的影响

研究了铸造奥氏体不锈钢中铁素体与奥氏体位向关系及其对超声散射衰减的影响.利用电子背散射衍射技术表征了两相的晶体取向及其位向关系,基于真实的铁素体形貌建立了二维声传播各向异性模型并利用时域有限差分法进行了计算,分析了不同位向关系、铁素体形貌特征对声衰减系数的影响规律并进行了实验验证.结果表明：铸造奥氏体不锈钢奥氏体晶粒中散布着形状复杂的铁素体,典型铁素体形貌为条状和岛状;铁素体与奥氏体的位向关系以Kurdjumov-Sachs关系为主,少量满足Nishiyama-Wassermann关系.对声传播过程进行计算,发现两相位向关系和铁素体形貌协同作用影响超声波传播,在较高检测频率（15 MHz）下对散射衰减的影响不能忽略.结合“原位”实验对奥氏体<101>柱状晶粒的声衰减影响因素进行了定量分析,发现对于单一铸造奥氏体晶粒,晶粒内部取向不均匀性、奥氏体-铁素体位向关系以及奥氏体晶粒内铁素体形态都是超声散射衰减的主要原因.     

光纤表面等离子体波传感器中膜厚与共振波长关系的实验研究

利用表面等离子体共振效应，研究了金属镀层厚度对光纤表面等离子体波传感器的影响。在其它参量一定的情况下，不同金属膜层厚度的传感器对应着不同的共振波长，根据这一特性设计了分布式光纤表达等离子体波传感器。突出优点是能进行多点测量。     

核磁共振弛豫时间与溶液浓度关系的实验研究

利用小型核磁共振成像仪可以测量样品弛豫时间的功能，设计方案，实验测定了硫酸铜水溶液中氢原子核的核磁共振弛豫时间T1、T2随硫酸铜浓度的变化关系，得到T1与T2随溶质浓度的增大而减小的实验结果．在误差允许的范围内，验证了T1与溶液浓度成反比的规律，并进行了分析和理论解释．     

激光二极管自混合干涉的计算分析和实验观察

实验上观察到自混合干涉信号的幅度仅仅为静态光强的百分之几.反馈光会引起激光二极管阈值电流减小,静态输出光强变化几倍,使激光二极管工作在实际的阈值电流之上.按三镜法布里-珀罗腔结构模型计算激光二极管的出射光强,由干涉函数主极大条件得出光频与反馈光的关系.计算出的自混合干涉信号的波形,以及自混合干涉信号的幅度与静态光强的比值均同实验测量结果一致.在τrC/τ1=22.8的情况下,复合谐振腔可同时有15个谐振模式,这些模随外腔长度的变化小于2.6×10-2cm-1,远小于法布里-珀罗谐振腔谐振模的线宽3.1cm-1,光频在内腔谐振模的线宽以内变化.     

Crystalline structure and its effects on the degradation of linear calcium polyphosphate bone substitute

Calcium polyphosphate (CPP) bone substitutes were prepared by gravity sintering crystal transformations. The crystalline structure of CPP was analyzed by Raman spectroscopy and in situ variable temperature XRD. In addition, the variation of CPP in SBF considering as degradation was characterized by monitoring the changes of its compressive strength and weight loss. The results revealed that CPP was inorganic condensed phosphate with linear long chain structure. Amorphous CPP (a-CPP) was initially transformed to crystalline γ-CPP, then crystalline β-CPP with the increase of sintering temperature. The transformation of γ-CPP to β-CPP occurred from 650 to 670 °C. Compressive strength decreased quickly at initial stage for all specimens after immersed in SBF, and thereafter, continued to decrease at a slower rate subsequently. After immersion for 15 and 30 days, the compressive strength of γ-CPP decreased from 13.5 to 7.6 and 4.8 MPa, while β-CPP decreased from 16 to 12 and 8 MPa, respectively. The degradation rate of a-CPP, γ-CPP and β-CPP decreased with time after immersed in SBF. a-CPP had highest degradation rate, which would have been completely degraded in 10 days, and the weight loss ratio of γ-CPP was 28% for 15 days and 35% for 30 days, but the weight loss of β-CPP was only 11% for 30 days. The results therefore revealed that CPPs with different degradation rates could be obtained by controlling crystalline structure.     

气轨阻力与速度关系的研究

在气轨上测量了微小阻力和速度的关系.通过振动能准静态衰减的假设建模,并利用一种改进的线性拟合方法做数值微分,最终在3台气轨上得出了一致的经验规律:f(v)=αvγ,其中γ≈1.30.     

气溶胶消光系数与质量浓度的相关性研究

为了利用激光雷达探测的消光系数垂直分布来反演气溶胶质量浓度的垂直分布,研究气溶胶消光系数与质量浓度之间的关系就显得十分重要.根据Mie散射理论,分析了气溶胶的质量消光系数、消光系数和质量浓度之间的关系,引进了等效参数,分析了Junge指数对等效参数的影响.用实际测量的粒子谱分布、能见度、相对湿度和气溶胶质量浓度验证了气溶胶消光系数和质晕浓度之间的关系.这对利用激光雷达测量的气溶胶消光系数垂直分布来反演气溶胶质量浓度的垂直分布是很有实用价值和指导意义的.     

快前沿直线脉冲变压器单级模块开关触发时延分散性实验研究

针对12支路并联的快前沿直线脉冲变压器单级模块,给出了模块的电路结构和关键器件参数,实验获得了12只多间隙气体开关的自击穿特性和触发特性。同时,还给出了快前沿直线脉冲变压器模块输出电流的初步实验结果,工作电压150 kV时,次级短路放电电流幅值为235 kA,电流前沿88.2 ns（10%~90%）。次级带0.58 负载情况下,输出电流幅值114.5 kA,电流前沿88.9 ns（10%~90%）。利用微分环测量了12只开关的触发时延分散性,结果表明100次实验开关触发时延分散性近似符合正态分布,开关触发时延分散性对输出电流的影响不大,电流幅值和前沿的标准偏差分别小于2.0%,4.0%,电流波形的畸变主要以平顶为主。     

衍射光栅光谱级数与实验误差的关系研究

从理论上证明了光栅衍射的光谱级数与实验绝对误差的关系,得到二级衍射谱线的精度高于一级衍射谱线的精度,从而能降低实验误差。依据实验数据,计算得到衍射光谱级数不同时的波长,实验结果与理论结论是相吻合的。     

田间行走式测定的红外光谱数据与土壤质地之间的相关性研究

近红外光谱是利用漫反射来分析物质的某些化学性质,已在农业及其他许多领域得到广泛应用。尽管在实验室条件下,研究证明可以应用近红外光谱分析技术来快速、方便地测定土壤参数,但在田间大范围内应用红外光谱快速测定来分析土壤性质,仍然缺乏研究;该研究以田间行走式设备获取的红外光谱数据为基础,分析和比较了不同数据处理技术下红外光谱信息与土壤质地之间的相关性,发现应用基于算术运算的波段组合技术可以明显地提高红外光谱信息与土壤质地之间的相关性,为田间光谱数据的分析处理与应用提供了依据。     

Comparative Study on Pressure-Induced Structural Changes between C 6 O 2 I 4 and C 6 I 6

We have investigated the pressure effects on the structural properties of C 6 O 2 I 4 up to 39 GPa by powder x-ray diffraction measurements, which were compared with those of C 6 I 6 . The diffraction patterns of C 6 O 2 I 4 indicated a phase transition starting at 26.8 GPa. The mixed state of the low- and high-pressure phases continued up to 39 GPa well above an insulator-to-metal transition pressure of 33 GPa. The C 6 O 2 I 4 molecule remains planar structure in the low-pressure phase below 26.8 GPa in contrast to the non-planar molecular structure of C 6 I 6 at ambient and high pressures.     

Relationship between Hansen Solubility Parameters of ABS and its Homopolymer Components of PAN,PB, and PS

ABS, an important terpolymer produced from acrylonitrile, butadiene, and styrene, is widely used in the form of ABS alloys. Because the microstructure of ABS and its alloys shows a multiphase, researching the miscibility is of significant concern for ABS applications. In order to completely understand the special solubility properties of ABS resin, the relationship between Hansen solubility parameters (HSP) of ABS and its homopolymer components (polystyrene, polyacrylonitrile, and polybutadiene) were researched by the Hansen method in this paper. It was found that the dipolar component and hydrogen-bonding component of polyacrylonitrile were the strongest, and the dipolar component and hydrogen-bonding component of polybutadiene were the weakest. An interesting phenomenon was observed, namely that the HSP of the copolymer of styrene-acrylonitrile (SAN) and ABS were very similar to the HSP of polystyrene. This means that the HSP of ABS, the typical terpolymer, were not the addition or average of the HSP of its three homopolymer components; instead they were decided by only one homopolymer component, the polystyrene segment.     

测量结果表达式与不确定度关系的研究与探讨

测量不确定度和结果表达是学习物理实验的重要概念,它是衡量测量结果可靠性和准确程度的标志.本文就这些概念以及它们之间关系一一进行阐述,以有利于学生学习与参考.     

三棱镜偏向角与入射角关系的研究

根据三棱镜偏向角与入射角的关系,讨论了最小偏向角和最小入射角,为实验中掌握出射光线的移动规律,准确判断最小偏向角的位置提供了理论依据.     

再谈物体稳度与质量的关系

结合生活实际,探讨用最大倾斜角表示物体稳度的不足之处,并从力矩平衡的角度分析稳度与质量的关系.在此基础上,提出用重力矩大小定量描述物体稳度的新看法.     

Relationship between adsorbed fibronectin and cell adhesion on a honeycomb-patterned film

Substratum surface morphology plays a vital roles in cellular behavior. Here, we characterized adsorption of fibronectin (Fn) as a typical cell adhesion protein onto honeycomb-patterned films made of poly(ε-caprolactone) (PCL) by using atomic force microscopy (AFM) and confocal laser scanning microscopy (CLSM). In order to determine how cells adhere to a honeycomb-patterned film, focal adhesion of cardiac myocytes (CMYs) and endothelial cells (ECs) on the films were studied by using fluorescence labeling of vinculin. Fn adsorbs around the pore edges to form ring-shaped structures. CMYs and ECs adhere onto the honeycomb-patterned films at focal contact points localized around pore edges distributed over the entire cellular surface. The focal contact points on the honeycomb-patterned films correspond well with the adsorption sites of Fn. We suggest that the cell response to honeycomb-patterned films is associated with the adsorption pattern of Fn on the film.