利用Talbot效应测定光的波长

作为Ｔａｌｂｏｔ效应的一种新应用，本文提出一种测定光波长的方法；该方法以Ｔａｌｂｏｔ效应为基础，借助于叠栅条纹技术来判断Ｔａｌｂｏｔ像面的位置。文中给出了实验结果及讨论     

Talbot干涉术的局限

对Ｔａｌｂｏｔ－Ｍｏｉｒｅ术与横向剪切干涉术进行比较，探讨间断的Ｔａｌｂｏｔ像对检测的限制。     

一种测量透镜焦距的方法

一种测量透镜焦距的方法王成，武晓东（中科院长春光机所，国家光学机械质量检测中心１３００２２）一、理论分析透镜的焦距是透镜的重要参数之一，通常是采用几何光学的方法进行测量，本文采用一种波动光学的方法——Ｔａｌｂｏｔ方法进行测量，测量精度较高，且使用方便...     

泰伯效应的共轭现象

介绍了观察泰伯（Ｔａｌｂｏｔ）像的共轭虚像的实验原理及方法，并给出实验结果及扼要的理论解释，作者首次提出可把泰伯自成像公式的ｍ值扩展的负值。     

晶体双折射测量的干涉条纹重迭法

本文介绍用干涉条纹的重迭与否测量晶体双折射。作者用干涉条纹取代光栅的Ｔａｌｂｏｔ像，主要优点是条纹的对比度好。     

基于声透镜成像系统的光声层析成像

光声成像是采用“光激发-超声波成像”的新型成像技术，它是检测强散射介质内部光吸收分布的一种有效医学影像技术.用短脉冲激光照射强散射介质(如生物组织)，强散射介质由于光声效应产生超声信号，使用具有成像能力的声透镜把声压分布成像于像面上，然后利用具有空间分辨能力的阵列光声传感器，把同一像面上的光声信号强度记录下来，最后根据光声信号强度的空间分布进行图像重组.根据成像系统物像共轭原理，同一物平面的光声信号到达像面的时延相等，而不同物面的光声信号到达同一个探测器平面的时延各不相同，因此，利用BOXCAR的门控积分 关键词： 光声层析成像 声透镜 光声信号     

图解法分析自聚焦透镜的物像关系

从自聚焦透镜的成像特性出发,导出了自聚焦透镜与普通透镜相同的高斯物像公式.采用理想光具组图解法分析了自聚焦透镜子午光线的成像.该成像法只需要找出基点、基面的位置,利用两条特殊光线,便可以在确定物体具体位置和高度的情况下通过图解法,得出像的具体位置和大小.对直径为1.82 mm的自聚焦透镜的物像关系进行了实验研究,结果表明图解法能够很好地分析自聚焦透镜成像.     

脉冲展宽分幅变像管场曲特性研究

介绍了一种脉冲展宽分幅变像管,并对其场曲特性和离轴空间分辨本领进行了分析.该分幅变像管采用多个短磁透镜将产生于阴极的电子图像成像于微通道板接收面.通过模拟仿真对透镜个数成像的场曲特性进行了研究,并通过实验进行了验证.仿真计算结果表明,采用多透镜可有效校正成像系统场曲,提高空间分辨率.当成像比例为1∶1时,在离轴30 mm处单透镜、双透镜、三透镜和四透镜成像面与高斯像面的轴向偏离分别为13 cm、4.7 cm、2.5 cm和1.7 cm.测试结果表明,采用四透镜成像系统的离轴调制度较单透镜提升了约40％.     

大口径红外成像系统的光学设计

推导了以反射式两镜系统为主体的红外成像系统中满足光瞳匹配要求的转像透镜的高斯光学参量与两镜系统参量的关系式。当选定红外焦平面的冷屏直径及到焦面的距离后，转像透镜与两镜系统的高斯光学参量之间必须满足这个关系式，才能做到光瞳匹配，这就是冷屏为系统的出瞳．而入瞳是主反射镜的口径。消像差由主镜、副镜的非球面及转像透镜上的一个非球面承担。用实例计算验证了所推导出的公式的可靠性，红外系统的口径取为250mm，红外接收器的冷屏直径为5mm，冷屏到红外像面的距离为20mm。两镜系统主镜的曲率半径选定为-1000mm及-800mm两个值，两镜系统焦距为2000mm，1500mm及1000nm三个。共计算了六种结构参量不同的系统。     

一种测量光栅常数的新方法

一种测量光栅常数的新方法华文深（华南理工大学应用物理系广州５１０６４１）一、测量原理如图１所示，当用点光源或线光源产生的发散光束照射光栅时，将产生Ｔａｌｂｏｔ效应［１－３］．即在某些位置上将得到光栅的衍射自成像，这些像相当于光栅的几何投影的放大像，而...     

基于Talbot-Moiré法的长焦透镜焦距

 长焦距测量的Talbot Moiré法是研究热点,目前很多方法虽然都是基于Talbot现象和Moiré技术,但基本原理和实验方案各不相同,因此焦距计算公式也不相同。基于透镜位相变换作用,利用Talbot效应和Moiré条纹,通过图像处理的方法获得条纹的斜率变化,根据焦距与莫尔条纹斜率之间的关系求得透镜焦距。由于长焦透镜的焦距相对于被测透镜厚度大得多,完全可以看作是薄透镜对光束的变换,可用薄透镜对球面波的变换作用来近似表示其对高斯光束的变换。因此,该方法测量长焦透镜焦距对于高斯光束与非高斯光束焦距测量结果无差别,均适用。最后全面分析了该测量方法的误差及精度极限。在影响测量精度的各个误差因素中,光栅节距误差对焦距测量的影响最为显著。     

Novel method for testing the long focal length lens of large aperture

In this paper, we present a novel method for testing the long focal length lens of large aperture, which is realized by calculating the angle of moiré fringe formed by Talbot image of two Ronchi gratings. A scanning method was developed to measure the focal length with the collimated lights projected on the different aperture position of the lens. Experiment data demonstrates that this method can be applied to the real-time long focal length measurement with high accuracy.     

Scalable Talbot effect of periodic array objects

A type of scalable self-imaging capable of variable magnification or minification of periodic objects is demonstrated in the focal plane of a lens illuminated by a point source.The theory and the experimental results show that the self-imaging phenomenon can also be realized in the focal plane of a lens regardless of whether the distances satisfy the lens formula or not.The particular property of this scalable self-imaging effect is that the images in the focal plane can be controlled with different scaling factors only when the distances between the point source and the periodic object satisfy a certain condition.This discovery should open a new field of diffraction imaging and new application opportunities in precision measurement.     

云纹技术测量透镜焦距和折射率

本文给出会聚球面波光场下Talbot长度的计算公式和用云纹技术测量透镜焦距和折射率的一种新方法,避免了近两年来提出的方法不足之处。     

Focal plane tuning in wide-field-of-view microscope with Talbot pattern illumination

We have developed a focal plane tuning technique for use in focus-grid-based wide-field-of-view microscopy (WFM). In WFM, the incidence of a collimated beam on a mask with a two-dimensional grid of aperture produced the Talbot images of the aperture grid. The Talbot pattern functioned as a focus grid and was used to illuminate the sample. By scanning the sample across the focus grid and collecting the transmission, we can generate a microscopy image of the sample. By tuning the wavelength of the laser, we can tune the focal plane of the WFM and acquire images of different depth into the sample. Images of a green algae microscope slide were acquired at different focal planes for demonstration.     

等倍变焦全动型变焦距物镜理论分析

变焦系统是一种焦距可以连续变化而像面保持稳定的光学系统。而全动型变焦距物镜是一种新型的变焦系统 ,它的各组元垂轴放大率在变焦运动过程中保持相等。对等倍变焦全动型变焦距物镜做了理论分析 ,并推导出一套切实可用的高斯光学公式     

Intensity distribution in the focal region of a “doughnot” mode

We study the intensity distribution of a TEM₀₁₊₁₀ mode propagating through a single diffraction limited lens. The theoretical intensity distributions along the optical path remain similar until the truncation effects, due to the lens diameter, are negligible. The focal distribution is however very sensitive to truncation, and this is relevant for industrial applications of high power lasers. An experimental system to measure the intensity distribution at the focal plane is described and its results are compared with the theory.     

光栅衍射像的反差,位相和周期的分析

本文从理论上导出了相干光照明了菲涅耳衍射场中离开泰伯自成像平面时光栅像的反差、位相和周期的变化。得到了球面波和平面波照明下,光栅的傅里叶像生成的条件,从而定量地说明了泰伯效应与Lau效应的某种一致性。理论结果被实验验证。     

The use of defocussed position of a Ronchi grating for evaluating the refractive index of lens

This report describes a Ronchi-grating shearing interferometric collimation method for determining the refractive index of a lens. A new formula has been deduced for the refractive index of the lens, which is independent of lens parameters. This newly developed device has two lenses. One of them collimates the light from a point source while the other acts as a decollimator. The point source acting as a test target is situated in the front focal plane of the collimator. The test lens is placed inside a glass cell in the back focal plane of the collimator. The Ronchi grating is exactly placed in the back focal plane of the decollimator, and a fringe-free space is observed in the common region. When the test lens is immersed in a liquid cell, it disturbs the focal point and hence interference fringes are observed. The combined system consisting of the test lens and the decollimator is moved to bring the focal point on the Ronchi grating. Thus, the difference between the two settings gives the amount of defocusing.     

光横向传播的光折变体全息透镜设计及其衍射性质

提出了一种新型的可用于光束横向传播的光折变体全息透镜。该透镜是由入射方向相互垂直的一束平面波和一束球面波在双掺杂的铌酸锂晶体平板上记录形成的，它可以将垂直入射晶体平板的输入光束产生横向传输并聚焦，或对输入光点产生横传并准直输出。该透镜除了具有一般体全息透镜的稳定性好、可靠性高的特点外，特别具有光束横向传播的功能，因而具有空占比小、更易于整个光学透镜系统的微小化集成的优点。利用局域体全息的耦合波理论，计算了该透镜衍射光的振幅分布和衍射效率。计算了该透镜的焦面上的强度分布，并与理想球面波照射矩形孔径时焦面上的强度分布进行了比较。